Heat Exchanger Performance: Experiment, Data, Calculations

This lab report discusses the experiment, data, and calculations for heat exchanger performance. The report includes tables and calculations for each type of heat exchanger. The aim is to calculate the amount of heat transfer in four different types of heat exchangers.

LAB REPORT
REPORT
ON
HEAT EXCHANGER PERFORMANCE

LAB REPORT
AIM
The main aim of this experiment is to calculate the amount of heat transfer in four different
types of heat exchangers. For heat transfer calculation, values of overall heat transfer
coefficient, area of heat exchangers, mean temperature difference is required which is
calculated from inlet and outlet temperature of hold and cold fluid measured experimentally .
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
 Flow rate measurement meter for both cold and hot water .
 Cold and hot water supply system.
Figure 1.1 (Experimental apparatus)
 Temperature measurement device for cold and holt fluid at inlet and outlet flow .
 Cross-flow Heat Exchanger
• Number of tubes = 60 tubes
• Length of tube = 350 mm
• Inner tube diameter Di= 5.6 mm
• Outer tube diameter Do= 7.0 mm
• Thermal conductivity = 339 W/mK
 Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchanger
• Length of tube = 1220 mm
• Inner tube diameter Di= 13.8 mm
• Outer tube diameter Do= 15.9 mm
• Thermal conductivity = 339 W/mK

LAB REPORT
 Aluminium Double Pipe Heat Exchanger
• Length of tube = 1220 mm
• Inner tube diameter Di= 12.6 mm
• Outer tube diameter Do= 15.9 mm
• Thermal conductivity = 154 W/mK
 Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
• Number of tubes = 28 tubes
• Length of tube = 200 mm
• Inner tube diameter Di= 5.52 mm
• Outer tube diameter Do= 6.35 mm
• Thermal conductivity = 339 W/Mk
PROCEDURE
1. For double pipe aluminium heat exchanger , set up a control valves for parallel flow with
cold water in outer pipe and hot water in inner pipes .
2. Flow rates of hot and cold water should be limited to minimum value of nearly ¼ of full
flow .
3. To operate the heat exchanger in steady state condition, stop the temperature
variations in outlet water pipe .
4. Note down the temperature and mass flow rates from inlet and outlet water (hot and
cold ) from measuring instruments .
5. Repeat the temperature and flow rate measurement for 4 different process mentioned
below:-
• ¼ flow of hot water with ¼ flow of cold water
• ½ flow of hot water with ½ flow of cold water
• ¾ flow of hot water with ¾ flow of cold water
• full flow of hot water with full flow of cold water
6. For double pipe aluminium heat exchanger , set up a control valves for counter flow
with cold water in outer pipe and hot water in inner pipes and repeat the process 1 to 4
for full flow .
7. For double pipe copper heat exchanger , set up a control valves for counter flow with
cold water in outer pipe and hot water in inner pipes and repeat the process 1 to 4 for
full flow .
8. Repeat the process 1 to 4 for shell and tube type heat exchanger as hot water in tubes
and cold water in shell .
9. Repeat the process 1 to 4 for cross flow heat exchanger as hot water in tubes and cold
water across the tubes .

LAB REPORT
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
For aluminium double pipe heat exchanger, flow between hot and cold fluid is parallel flow .The
data obtained from experiment is noted down in table shown below.
Aluminium Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel Flow
Configuration
Hot Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Cold Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Hot Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Cold Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Hot Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
Cold Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
¼ Hot / ¼ Cold 3.6 2 57.1 14.8 48.5 25.5
½ Hot / ½ Cold 7.2 4 58 16.9 51 26.8
¾ Hot / ¾ Cold 10.8 6 57.9 18 51.9 26.7
Full hot / Full
cold 14.5 8 57.4 17.7 51.9 25.7
Table 1: Aluminum Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel Flow Data
For copper double pipe heat exchanger, flow between hot and cold fluid is parallel flow .The
data obtained from experiment is noted down in table shown below.
Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel Flow
Configuration
Hot Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Cold Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Hot Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Cold Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Hot Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
Cold Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
Full hot / Full
cold 4.5 8 57.7 18.6 53 26.8
Table 2: Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel Flow Data
For copper double pipe heat exchanger, flow between hot and cold fluid is counter flow .The
data obtained from experiment is noted down in table shown below.
Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Counter Flow
Configuration
Hot Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Cold Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Hot Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Cold Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Hot Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
Cold Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
Full hot / Full
cold 14.5 8 56.1 18.9 51.6 26.6
Table 3: Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Counter Flow Data

LAB REPORT
For Aluminium double pipe heat exchanger, flow between hot and cold fluid is counter flow
.The data obtained from experiment is noted down in table shown below.
Aluminium Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Counter Flow
Configuration
Hot Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Cold Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Hot Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Cold Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Hot Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
Cold Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
Full hot / Full
cold
14.5 8 58.7 19.1 53.3 26.8
Table 4: Aluminium Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Counter Flow Data
For shell and tube type heat exchanger, flow between hot and cold fluid is counter flow .The
data obtained from experiment is noted down in table shown below.
Shell and tube type Heat Exchanger Counter Flow
Configuration
Hot Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Cold Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Hot Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Cold Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Hot Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
Cold Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
½ Hot / ½ Cold 7.2 4 58.6 18.9 51.9 28.9
Full hot / Full
cold 4.5 8 55.8 20.4 51.2 28.2
Table 5: Shell and tube type Heat Exchanger Counter Flow Data
For Cross flow type heat exchanger, flow between hot and cold fluid is perpendicular.The data
obtained from experiment is noted down in table shown below.
Cross flow type Heat Exchanger
Configuration
Hot Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Cold Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Hot Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Cold Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Hot Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
Cold Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
½ Hot / ½ Cold 7.2 4 56.8 17.3 49.8 27.3
Full hot / Full
cold 14.5 8 56.6 18.9 50.6 28.2
Table 6: Cross flow type Heat Exchanger Flow Data

LAB REPORT
CALCULATIONS
Calculations for heat transfer between hot and cold fluid .
𝑄𝑄𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 /𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔= 𝑚𝑚 ∗ 𝐶𝐶𝑃𝑃∗ ∆𝑇𝑇(Ahmed ,Sammarraie ,2017)
𝑄𝑄𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 /𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔– Heat transfer (+ ve for gained or –ve for lost) in KW
𝑚𝑚– Mass flow rate in Kg/s
𝑪𝑪𝒑𝒑– Specific Heat Capacity =4.18 kJ/kg⋅K for water
∆𝑻𝑻– Change in Temperature in K
Consider for aluminium double pipe heat exchanger , Heat loss and gain is calculated from
values given in table below
Aluminium Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel Flow
Configuration
Hot Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Cold Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Hot Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Cold Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Hot Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
Cold Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
¼ Hot / ¼ Cold 3.6 2 57.1 14.8 48.5 25.5
Table 7: Aluminum Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel Flow Data
For hot water
𝑄𝑄𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 /𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔= 𝑚𝑚 ∗ 𝐶𝐶𝑃𝑃∗ ∆𝑇𝑇
∆𝑇𝑇 𝑔𝑔𝑙𝑙 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑚𝑚𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑔𝑔𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑑𝑑𝑔𝑔𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑔𝑔𝑒𝑒𝑡𝑡 𝑏𝑏𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑏𝑏𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑔𝑔 ℎ𝑙𝑙𝑡𝑡 𝑏𝑏𝑔𝑔𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑙𝑙𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
∆𝑇𝑇 = 𝑇𝑇ℎ2 − 𝑇𝑇ℎ1
∆𝑇𝑇 = 48.5 − 57.1 = −8.6 𝑘𝑘
𝑚𝑚 =
3.6 ∗ 1000
1000 ∗ 60
= 0.06 𝑘𝑘𝑔𝑔/𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑄𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙= 0.06 ∗ 4.18 ∗ (−8.6)
𝑸𝑸𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍= −𝟐𝟐. 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝑲𝑲𝑲𝑲
For cold water
𝑄𝑄𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 /𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔= 𝑚𝑚 ∗ 𝐶𝐶𝑃𝑃∗ ∆𝑇𝑇

LAB REPORT
∆𝑇𝑇 𝑔𝑔𝑙𝑙 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑚𝑚𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑔𝑔𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑑𝑑𝑔𝑔𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑔𝑔𝑒𝑒𝑡𝑡 𝑏𝑏𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑏𝑏𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑔𝑔 𝑒𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑑𝑑 𝑏𝑏𝑔𝑔𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑙𝑙
∆𝑇𝑇 = 𝑇𝑇𝑒𝑒2− 𝑇𝑇𝑒𝑒1
∆𝑇𝑇 = 25.5 − 14.8 = 10.7 𝑘𝑘
𝑚𝑚 =
2 ∗ 1000
1000 ∗ 60
= 0.03333 𝑘𝑘𝑔𝑔/𝑙𝑙
𝑄𝑄𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔= 0.0333 ∗ 4.18 ∗ (10.7)
𝑄𝑄𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔= 1.49 𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾
All the calculations done as per above procedure and added in table .
RESLUTS
Table 8: Aluminum Double Pipe Heat Exchange Parallel Flow Heat Transfer Data
Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel Flow
Configuration Heat Transfer (kW) (Hot) Heat Transfer (kW) (cold)
Full hot / Full cold -1.473 4.570
Table 9: Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchange Parallel Flow Heat Transfer Data
Aluminium Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Counter Flow
Configuration Heat Transfer (kW) (Hot) Heat Transfer (kW) (cold)
Aluminium Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel Flow
Configuration Heat Transfer (kW) (Hot) Heat Transfer (kW) (cold)
¼ Hot / ¼ Cold -2.157 1.491
½ Hot / ½ Cold -3.511 2.759
¾ Hot / ¾ Cold -4.514 3.637
Full hot / Full cold -5.556 4.459

LAB REPORT
Full hot / Full cold -5.455 4.291
Table 10: Aluminum Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Counter Flow Heat Transfer Data
Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Counter Flow
Configuration Heat Transfer (kW) (Hot) Heat Transfer (kW) (cold)
Full hot / Full cold -4.546 4.291
Table 11: Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchange counter Flow Heat Transfer Data
Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Configuration Heat Transfer (kW) (Hot) Heat Transfer (kW) (cold)
½ Hot / ½ Cold -3.361 2.787
Full hot / Full cold -1.442 4.347
Table 12: Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Heat Transfer Data
Cross Flow Heat Exchanger
Configuration Heat Transfer (kW) (Hot) Heat Transfer (kW) (cold)
½ Hot / ½ Cold -3.511 2.787
Full hot / Full cold -6.061 5.183
Table 13: Cross Flow Heat Exchanger Heat Transfer Data
Calculations for log mean temperature difference
Formula for LMTD is given below
∆𝑻𝑻𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍= ∆𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏−∆𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐
𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥(
∆𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏
∆𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐
) (Saunders,2015)
∆𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏− Temperature difference between hot and cold fluid at one end.
∆𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐− Temperature difference between hot and cold fluid at other end.
∆𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏and ∆𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐are completely depend on the type of the heat exchanger

LAB REPORT
Parallel Flow Heat exchanger Counter Flow, Cross Flow , Shell and tube Heat
exchanger
∆𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏= Th, Inlet – Tc, Inlet ∆𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏= Th, Inlet – Tc, Outlet
∆𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐= Th, Outlet – Tc, Outlet ∆𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐= Th, Outlet – Tc, Inlet
Table 14: Heat Exchanger Temperature difference (Rennie, Vijaya ,2015)
Figure 2: Heat exchanger temperature difference
Consider for aluminium double pipe heat exchanger ,LMTD is calculated from values given in
table below
Aluminium Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel Flow
Configuration
Hot Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Cold Water
Flow Rate
(L/m)
Hot Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Cold Water
Inlet Temp.
(°C)
Hot Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
Cold Water
Outlet
Temp. (°C)
¼ Hot / ¼ Cold 3.6 2 57.1 14.8 48.5 25.5
Table 15: Aluminum Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel Flow Data
LMTD calculation shown below
∆𝑻𝑻𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍 = �(57.1 + 273) − (14.8 + 273)�− �(48.5 + 273) − (25.5 + 273)�
ln �(57.1 + 273) − (14.8 + 273)�
�(48.5 + 273) − (25.5 + 273)�
∆𝑻𝑻𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍= 304.67 K
All the calculations done as per above procedure and added in table .

LAB REPORT
Aluminium Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel Flow LMTD(K)
¼ Hot / ¼ Cold 304.68
½ Hot / ½ Cold 304.91
¾ Hot / ¾ Cold 304.99
Full hot / Full cold 305.48
Aluminium Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Counter Flow LMTD(K)
Full hot / Full cold 306.04
Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel Flow LMTD(K)
Full hot / Full cold 305.22
Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Counter Flow LMTD(K)
Full hot / Full cold 304.07
Table 16: LMTD Data for parallel and counter flow
For Shell and Tube heat exchangers and Cross flow heat exchangers, a correction factor is
multiplied to LMTD formula
∆𝑻𝑻𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍= ∆𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏− ∆𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐
𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥( ∆𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏/∆𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐) x 𝐟𝐟
f is the correction factor.
For correction factor ,values of two temperature ratios P and R need to be calculated then
their intersection point on graph gives correction factor f (Panchal ,Ebert,2012).
𝑹𝑹 =
𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏− 𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐
𝒕𝒕𝟐𝟐− 𝒕𝒕𝟏𝟏
𝑷𝑷 =
𝒕𝒕𝟐𝟐− 𝒕𝒕𝟏𝟏
𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏− 𝒕𝒕𝟏𝟏

LAB REPORT
T1 – Cold Water Inlet Temperature
T2 – Cold Water Outlet Temperature
t1 – Hot Water Inlet Temperature
t2 – Hot Water Outlet Temperature
Figure 3: Correction factor graph (Manish ,Ramesh ,2015)
Calculation for shell and tube type heat exchanger
𝑹𝑹 =
𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏− 𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐
𝒕𝒕𝟐𝟐− 𝒕𝒕𝟏𝟏
𝑅𝑅 =
18.9 − 28.9
51.9 − 58.6
= 1.49
𝑷𝑷 =
𝒕𝒕𝟐𝟐− 𝒕𝒕𝟏𝟏
𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏− 𝒕𝒕𝟏𝟏
𝑃𝑃 =
51.9 − 58.6
18.9 − 58.6
= 0.168
As the getting values are coming out of graph so the correction factor is considered to be 1

LAB REPORT
∆𝑻𝑻𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍= ∆𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏− ∆𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐
𝐥𝐥𝐥𝐥( ∆𝑻𝑻𝟏𝟏/∆𝑻𝑻𝟐𝟐) x 𝐟𝐟
∆𝑻𝑻𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍= 304.32 K
All the calculations done as per above procedure and added in table .
Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger LMTD(K)
½ Hot / ½ Cold 304.32
Full hot / Full cold 302.17
Cross Flow Heat Exchanger LMTD(K)
½ Hot / ½ Cold 303.98
Full hot / Full cold 303.02
Table 17: LMTD Data for cross flow and shell and tube type heat exchanger
Calculation for area of heat exchanger
Area 𝐴𝐴 =
𝜋𝜋
4 ∗ 𝑑𝑑2
Heat Exchanger Type Area Inside
m2
Area Outside
m2
Aluminium Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel 0.0482 0.0609
Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel 0.0528 0.0609
Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger 0.0971 0.111
Cross flow heat Exchanger 0.3694 0.4618
Table 18: Inner and Outer Areas of heat exchanger
Calculation for Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient
𝑸𝑸(𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈/𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍) = 𝑼𝑼(𝒍𝒍/𝒈𝒈)⋅ 𝑨𝑨(𝒍𝒍/𝒈𝒈)⋅ ∆𝑻𝑻𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍
𝑼𝑼(𝒍𝒍/𝒈𝒈)is overall heat transfer coefficient

LAB REPORT
Calculation of overall heat transfer coefficient for aluminium heat exchanger in parallel
𝑸𝑸̇(𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈𝒈) = 1.491 kW
𝑨𝑨(𝒍𝒍) =0.0609m2
∆𝑻𝑻𝒍𝒍𝒍𝒍= 304.68 K
𝑼𝑼(𝒍𝒍)= 1.491 ∗ 1000
0.0609 x304.68
𝑼𝑼(𝒍𝒍)= 80.35 W/ m2 K
Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient is calculated using the formula
𝑼𝑼 =
𝟏𝟏
𝟏𝟏
𝑼𝑼𝒈𝒈
+ 𝟏𝟏
𝑼𝑼𝒍𝒍
(Warren ,Eckert ,2009)
𝑈𝑈𝑔𝑔= 101.52 𝐾𝐾/𝑚𝑚2𝐾𝐾
𝑈𝑈𝑙𝑙 = 80.35 𝐾𝐾/𝑚𝑚2𝐾𝐾
𝑈𝑈 = 1
1
101 .52
+ 1
80.35
= 44.85 𝐾𝐾/𝑚𝑚2𝐾𝐾
All the calculations done as per above procedure and added in table .
Aluminum Parallel Flow
Cold water U for Inner Area
(W/m2K)
U for Outer Area
(W/m2K)
Overall Heat
Transfer (W/m2K)
Quarter Turn 80.35 101.52 44.851
Half Turn 148.57 187.72 82.933
Three quarter 195.79 247.38 109.292
full 239.66 302.81 133.780

LAB REPORT
Hot water U for Inner Area
(W/m2K)
U for Outer Area
(W/m2K)
Overall Heat
Transfer (W/m2K)
Quarter Turn -116.24 -146.87 -64.888
Half Turn -189.09 -238.91 -105.551
Three quarter -243.05 -307.09 -135.672
full -298.64 -377.33 -166.703
Table 18: Aluminum Parallel Flow – Overall Heat Transfer Data
Aluminum Counter Flow (W/m2K)
U for Inner Area
(W/m2K)
U for Outer Area
(W/m2K)
Overall Heat
Transfer (W/m2K)
Cold water 230.26 290.93 128.531
Hot water -292.68 -369.80 -163.376
Table 19: Aluminum Counter Flow – Overall Heat Transfer Data
Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Parallel Flow (W/m2K)
U for Inner Area
(W/m2K)
U for Outer Area
(W/m2K)
Overall Heat
Transfer (W/m2K)
Cold water 245.87 283.58 131.690
Hot water -79.27 -91.43 -42.458
Table 20: Copper Parallel Flow – Overall Heat Transfer Data

LAB REPORT
Copper Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Counter Flow (W/m2K)
U for Inner Area
(W/m2K)
U for Outer Area
(W/m2K)
Overall Heat
Transfer (W/m2K)
Cold water 231.75 267.30 124.128
Hot water -245.48 -283.14 -131.482
Table 21: Copper Counter Flow – Overall Heat Transfer Data Table
Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Cold water U for Inner Area
(W/m2K)
U for Outer Area
(W/m2K)
Overall Heat
Transfer (W/m2K)
Half Turn 82.50 94.30 44.003
full 129.61 148.16 69.133
Hot water U for Inner Area
(W/m2K)
U for Outer Area
(W/m2K)
Overall Heat
Transfer (W/m2K)
Half Turn -99.49 -113.73 -53.067
full -43.00 -49.15 -22.934
Table 22: Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger – Overall Heat Transfer Data
Cross flow heat Exchanger
Cold water U for Inner Area
(W/m2K)
U for Outer Area
(W/m2K)
Overall Heat
Transfer (W/m2K)
Half Turn 19.85 24.82 11.029
full 37.04 46.31 20.579

LAB REPORT
Hot water U for Inner Area
(W/m2K)
U for Outer Area
(W/m2K)
Overall Heat
Transfer (W/m2K)
Half Turn -25.01 -31.27 -13.897
full -43.31 -54.15 -24.064
Table 23: Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger – Overall Heat Transfer Data Table
CONCLUSION
It is concluded from the calculated results that heat transfer is maximum for counter flow heat
exchanger as compared to parallel flow and cross flow .This is mainly due to highest value of log
mean temperature difference for counter flow .Both the materials aluminium and copper
perform equally good in transferring the heat .So combination of double pipe heat exchanger
with counter flow will be optimum to use for effective heat transfer (Kay ,Nedderman ,2010) .

LAB REPORT
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