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Hepatitis B. Who are the high risk groups for hepatitis

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Added on  2019-10-18

Hepatitis B. Who are the high risk groups for hepatitis

   Added on 2019-10-18

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Hepatitis BWho are the high risk groups for hepatitis B infection?There are general ways for spread of hepatitis B infection one via sexual contact i.e..,seminal fluid, infected blood transfusion and contact with bodily fluid of infected person.[1]The high risk groups are those who practise unprotected sexual contact with multiple sexpartners, sharing of intravenous (IV) needles for drug use.[4] Even those who involves in gay(or) homosexual practise will easily get affected by hepatitis B infection, living with sameinfected hepatitis infected person will spread disease for example if husband gets infecteddefinitely wife will get infected by hepatitis B. In addition new born infant is also prone toinfection as diseased mother breastfed milk will spread hepatitis B to children.[5] Not onlythese risk factors even nurses working in healthcare institute are prone to hepatitis B infectionif protocols are not followed in nursing care more over frequent preventive measures / aidhelps nurses to overcome institutional infection.The regions which are high prone to hepatitis B disease is Africa, Asia (central andsoutheast) and Europe (eastern region).What is the rationale for including a birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine in the NIP? Whyisn’t the birth dose restricted to infants of high risk mothers?The right education of safe sex will prevent infection but the safe dose commonlycalled as universal infant immunization is important and effective strategy to control hepatitisB. Hence vaccination in first year of birth is important as three dose of hepatitis B is given atinterval of once a month to prevent 95% of future infection.[1] The birth dose (BCG,OPV) iseffective in prevention of hepatitis infection but it is advised not to dose mother who is foundto be an chronic carrier of hepatitis virus as it risks the infant survivability. In case of these
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