Heritage and Cultural Management

This report analyzes the growth and development of the heritage and cultural industry, including potential conflicts in conservation. It also explores the impact of ownership on administration and the duties of organizations in this field.

Heritage and Cultural
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Analysis of heritage and cultural industry's growth and development ................................1
1.2 Potential conflicts in conservation of heritage resources - case study of Lhasa,Tibet.........2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Heritage and cultural attraction's purpose.............................................................................4
TASK 3 ...........................................................................................................................................6
3.1 Impact of ownership on administration of heritage..............................................................6
3.2 Duties and roles of organisation in heritage and cultural industry........................................7
TASK 4 ...........................................................................................................................................8
4.1 Media and methods used for interpreting cultural and heritage industry..............................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
This written report is active to analyses the heritage and industry's improvement and
growth. This will consist of all history, chronicle and why that heritage is famous almost
concealment the all aspects of transferred geographical area, through this learners will get to
know very instant favorable and odd facts which will surely amaze audience. Generally these
types of places includes many story behind all these attentiveness in respect of past like culture,
historical, natural resources its very broad concept and deep study their social living experiences,
bio diversity, local, regional identities in various classified sectors (Chirikure and et.al., 2010). It
will record and express the historical landscapes and their internal part of their day to day
modern life concepts. Tourist are attracted by these histories and came their to search about
actual true statement because there are usually originated truth in environment. Its provides
experiences so they can learn about the myths and actuality.
TASK 1
1.1 Analysis of heritage and cultural industry's growth and development
1

2

In travel and tourism demonstrates the advancement that has occurred in this area with
the adjustment in time. With the change in innovation and offices enhancements are seen in this
segment which has now come to a decent level that its commitment in all out economy can't be
overlooked. As indicated by the history this division can be isolated into three diverse time
groups
Before 1945: Till the finish of sixteenth century tourism culture was slightest seen as
development of individuals used to occur between provincial to neighborhood. Later
industrialization in the eighteenth century more fall in the voyaging was seen as aggregate
relaxation time with open got diminished. Hence, this area was conflicting as all the related
exercises were performed independently like there was no normal association between the
lodgings, voyaging offices, transport offices.
1980 to current: Maximum upgrades were seen as different huge organizations
demonstrated their enthusiasm for this business and worked towards its changes
1945 – 1979: Few improvements in this part were seen as the distinctive related
gatherings began making associations with each other which helped in giving better outcomes.
Some organized and groovy tourist spots which kept the soothing natural views like Saint
Margaret's church, royal botanical gardens, Henderson island archaeological spots etc. Growth
and development of heritage and cultural industries in some class are as follows:-
Attractive:- Some of heritage in UK attract many tourist due to brilliant architectural stuff
they behold, great spot to see with natural touch and travelers are easily accessible and
convenient to go their by the transport. These intrigue many people because it holds the amazing
history and keep many untold stories in the heritage like frontiers of modern empire alias
garrison of modern Germany (Cannon and et.al., 2010).
Heritage:- These heritage are of importance divinity to the country which consist of
history. So these are of ethical importance in honor of supernatural virtue like Power's symbol is
tower of London, Saint Margaret's church people have faith in them and somewhere its
connected to their emotions too. Major character is to shape the society through ethnic identity
which include food what they used to eat in initial days of surviving and whats their specialty in
what type of food they eat in this includes the famous traditional drinks too, ethnic attire what's
3

their traditional outfit for men's and women's and in what way they classified the clothes too like
ordinary people and royal kingdom's king and queens outfit, languages they used to speak, dance
and songs also depicts the culture, what kind of festivals they use to celebrate and how they used
to fete, myths and many traditional rituals.
Natural:- Natural one include the calm and soothing landscapes with the great view,
parks national parks flora and fauna, gardens its leaves a impact on the tourist's mind set and
make them visit again there. It will make them touch and meet with the natural habitat like sea
turtle, pacific rat many more, there are different genre consider like inaccessible island,
Henderson island which generally get attention by tourists. Travelers mainly look for the places
as well as look for the environment too regarding the air, pollution, greenery, water and the basic
fundamental need and then they took decisions (Cova, Kozinets and Shankar, 2012).
Contracted heritages:- There are few other man made places too, which are also a point
of attraction and made in that way so it look charismatic, and the architecture is also done by
concerned and by various theme. The major attraction is buildings which is made unique and
good in different shapes which will amaze travelers. Their designs and buildings are done by
focusing on theme which is trending and people visit more and more to see .There are many
sculptures which are made to attract the people more.
1.2 Potential conflicts in conservation of heritage resources - case study of Lhasa,Tibet
4

By : XYZ
Date: 21st July 2017
Lhasa is basically a capital of Tibet and one of the most religious place too, across 10 million
people visit there every year., the place is also known for the great hospitality served by their
local people. It comes under the Chinese government and its also recognized by china country.
They held the various cultural heritages like great wall of china, silk road and grand canal as
well as according to the survey's they also kept the underwater heritages too these are gently
carried by them and conserved very well in fact they are also concerned about the
improvements too so it will go on the last long (Sigala, Christou and Gretzel, 2012). China
government is taking very smart move by making the city urban as doing work for
infrastructural architectural buildings and on the other hand, they also develop and improve the
stuffs for conservation of cultural heritages, stakeholders also help them and involve in this
phenomenon.
They put efforts in managing, researching, monitoring, protecting very well so
consecutively they will get nominated since thirteen years for protecting heritages. They are
taking smart move by generating the revenue from tourist places and invest them again for
improvisations, by doing these things they will also indirectly increase the visitors over there.
Cultural heritages are generally enjoyed by Tibet's people. Lhasa also acknowledged by the
highest cities in the globe. Dalai lama also belongs from there who is also known as the
Buddhist and do work for the world peace he is famous for his psychological theories and whole
Tibet highly believe in Buddha religion, they do religious practices monks and nun's play their
role by guiding other people, now they lead their with own languages, traditions, some of the
people protest again china government to get out of these under them that's why they usually
attempt their own civilization for survival. Tibet do work to preserve and conserve their cultural
heritages a and their historical things they maintain and preserve them and put the economies a
according to these some element (Uysal, Perdue and Sirgy, 2012). They resist the Chinese
government, Thy come under Chinese government but in actuality they are quite different from
the china in everything and in every sector but the Chinese rules and policies are regulated in
Tibet. In the tradition of getting modern and urbanization its need to be hold up the procedure
between outlet of civilization, wholeness as well as heritage sites. It seems as a opportunity to
improve, change, develop the society, and keep it preserved for upcoming generations and make
5

the history alive to them and at the same time its challenge to keep them in that modern way so
society keep accept all these in today's scenario and maintain the balance between both of
them.
TASK 2
2.1 Heritage and cultural attraction's purpose
Many visitors who visit UK for its cultural, heritage and historical spots and for the
purpose of general travelling. Such places which are in relation with heritage and culture meet
customer's needs and requirements in several ways, that can be described as follows:
 Education: Tourists, who make visit to such kind of places make travelling in order to
gather wide and deep information and knowledge in regards with academic as well as
personal preferences. There is an introduction of various educational programmes now a
days on these kind of places related with cultural attraction which are being served as
better place used for gaining information and knowledge (Loulanski and Loulanski,
2011). Victoria and Albert Museum make arrangements in relation with educational
programmes with the assistance of signs, thematic stories, dramas, labels etc. that assist
in giving real view of museum to visitors.
6

 Research: Tourists make visit on these places for the purpose of research. One of such
place is called Science Museum. Visitors make visit in order to look at the scientific
changes that is being preserved and several discoveries which are there in UK. Major
attraction of museum are lie detectors, robots, laser harps etc. Visitors make several
experiments which will help in increasing their understanding and learning (Chirikure
and et.al., 2010). So people who are keen for science and technologies, attracts more
towards such places.
7
Source 1: McManus D., 2017

 Recreation: In recent situation, in comparison to earlier times individuals are busy where
the scope of recreation is low due to time of shortage. So, it can be seen that individuals
earn more and spend more so as to get recreation in short time. In present scenario, in
short span heritage and cultural sites are taken as good alternative.
 Entertainment: All these kinds of places are taken as the main source of fun and
entertainment to visitors. Visiting at these places, visitors will be able to see creative as
well as natural scenes which will be able to seen in photos only in earlier times. At
current time, women are more interested in travelling in their free time.
However, the success regarding several travel industry is based on the customer
segmentation and also on preferences. In these kind of cases, selection in regards with target
group is important. For example, students make frequent travelling in comparison with business
persons. Students make travelling to various places regarding research in education. Business
person on other hand, make travelling with their families for the purpose of recreation and
entertainment (Waterton and Smith, 2010).
8
S
ource 2: Science Museum UK

TASK 3
3.1 Impact of ownership on administration of heritage
9

Management of heritage as well as cultural sites make involvement of different kinds of
ownerships because of various collaboration and also local societies in which they make
working. On the basis of several ownerships, duties and roles of enterprise are different. In
present scenario, tourism is being taken as lucrative profession of business as it helps in making
more and more revenue. Location distinction is also there that makes introduction of different
private and public organisations. Basically, heritage and cultural sites work with assistance of
different NGO's and government, but various valuable assets are also there which make demand
of care for emergence and initiatives for private sectors. The impact of various types of
ownerships can be described as follows: Political: Control and administration of government have taken wide initiative.
Arrangement of various projects are being done, expertise are being taken from other
countries and and initiatives are taken for maintaining cultural as well as heritage sites.
Public control will also helps to provide high assess to people and large scope of visitor
learning with minimum level of price (Chen and Chen, 2010). Different policies are
there which are presented by government and political parties that may impact on
tourism of particular area. Tourism agencies must be updated with each kind of rules and
regulations. Institutional: Some of the sites which are related with culture and heritage are under the
control of private institutions and assist in increasing tourism. Instances of such situation
can be termed as 'Kosovo' which helps in establishing various institutional projects by
the maintenance data of heritage and cultural sites and have support from national
authorities as well. There are development of various private institutions which are
developed in areas where the amount of tourism is very high.
 Collaboration: It is also visible that coordination as well as collaboration of private as
well as public corporation works altogether in regards with operation and development
of heritage sites. With the assistance of collaboration, different projects related with
rehabilitation are being operated at different level. Various policies are also there that
can only be used by public organisations, so it is suggested to private firms that if they
will make collaboration with government or public firms then they can make profit from
different policies which are not available with them (Araoz, 2011).
10

There are several negative effects also which are like, competition in these factors will
affect different economic factors. In competition, if government institutes will not be able attain
profit then it will affect various private sectors by not giving them scope in regards with
competitive advantage. Also when private owners who operate private organisation works for the
development of technology and also improve process, they also generate revenues and profits.
3.2 Duties and roles of organisation in heritage and cultural industry
There are different kind of public organisations in UK which are like government
departments, non-government agencies, voluntary groups as well as specialist conservations sets.
Commission for England and historic building is main non-governmental enterprise which have
several responsibilities and are liable for preserving and maintaining various historical
landscapes as well as archaeological sites. Duty of this enterprise is to take care of sites of UK
which have historical impact, they are also responsible for proper maintenance of sites so effect
will not be there on tourism (Ashworth and Larkham, 2013). They also maintain visit of tourists
and make contribution in the development of these sites.
Another different trust which is responsible for the maintenance of heritage and cultural
sites is 'The National Trust' who have responsibility for preserving and protecting beauty of
several arts, historic building, pictures, furnitures etc. Apart from it, they are liable for the safety
of plants as well as animals. They also have interest in preserving plant and animal life as they
are considered as main attraction sometimes. However, duties and roles of organisation in
regards with working is different. For instance, in case of government enterprises, the whole
funding for maintaining sites is high in comparison with private owned enterprises, for that it is
very important private companies to be effective, efficient and well versed in their operations.
On the other hand, organisations should also make proper maintenance of different advisory
rules and regulations and legislation in their operations and workings. There is also one
important things which includes changes and modifications in revenue generation techniques,
policies and introduction of attractive sites as well as merchandising. All these changes will
bring high amount of revolutionary success in whole industry (Raj and Griffin, 2015).
Different other organisation and enterprises are also there that work or preserving
historical and also cultural monuments in UK, all these organisations are not just responsible for
maintaining these sites but also make contribution in development and growth of sites. The
visitors and travellers who make visit in a country are of foreign locations and foreign linguistic
11

dialects. So as to maximise and make enhancement of their visit in country, they must get
support from various expert facilities which are like provision of guides and escorts who are
masters or having proper training in other foreign languages. These things will support visitors or
tourists in gaining proper knowledge and understanding of different history and facts which are
associated with the places in which they visit.
TASK 4
4.1 Media and methods used for interpreting cultural and heritage industry
Distinctive ways help the legislature in interesting the overall population to visit the
different spots. Individuals go for stimulation and in it is vital that every individual is given the
required learning with the goal that they can take their choice of voyaging likewise. The method
of giving data can be translations which are recorded from the criticism given by the general
population going to the particular spots. Their reaction are recorded with the end goal of taking
restorative activities by the administration so general advancement can occur.
Through pragmatic information more realities are found which might be lost if
information is exhibited in high contrast. Escorts take the guests to going by places accounts with
the goal that so undeniable realities can be appeared to them. With a specific end goal to play out
this undertaking is performed by the specialist of different destinations in which check is
continued chosen guests keeping in mind the end goal to record their responses .
The famous exhibition hall of British is got examinations from the overall population
after it began utilizing the Internet for offering data to the overall population. Understandings are
gotten in various structures from the customers which fluctuates in sound or video mode. As now
pattern of Internet has expanded much, it turned out to be a gift as an ever increasing number of
individuals become more acquainted with about the enhancements made by administration
towards the legacy. Specialists were not by any means the only wellspring of information for the
clients as it was seen in historical centre that composed material is additionally given to the
individuals who wish to accumulate learning about different articles and through that content
travellers can get the entire thought regarding the historical backdrop of that specific site .
Voyagers are additionally given the office of sight and sound aides which are fit for
giving required information in various dialects with the goal that nobody feel badly arranged in
gaining the required information. Situation of various examples are done in a way that they
12

coordinate with the entire and appropriately with the question related marks are kept alongside
them so clear thought can be assembled just by taking a look at the given note.
Methods used for interpretation:
 Tour guide information desk: Tour guide is a person who makes all the administration an
manage the schedule on tour operator's behalf by making sure that every program is done
in systematic manner. He / she can make use of maps or leaflets so as to guide travellers.
 Technology: In order to make proper interpretation, latest technology can also be used for
this which involves use of lecture methods, audio guides, projector, digital guide etc.
British museum and V&A museum have made use of various kinds of methods in order to make
interpretation. These methods are very helpful in guiding customers and travellers who are
making visit to various places. They make use of talking objects who guide visitors, use of
British museum blog which assist traveller in gaining knowledge, multimedia guides, use of
gathered database etc.
CONCLUSION
Heritage as well as cultural sites play main role in maintaining ethical norms, history,
tradition, attributes as well as culture of country. All these make role of heritage and cultural site
significant for citizens of country and also for tourists all over the world. In current report, travel
and tourism business's success is directly associated with cultural and heritage sites in order to
attract more visitors. Various visitors are there who visit for research and gaining knowledge
based on different sites irrespective of entertainment. In these case, they can't understand real
picture will be demotivated. And because of this, there will be less visitor attraction for them to
visit. From the report, it is concluded that several organisations have duties and rules so as to
maintain cultural and heritage view.
13

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Yeoman, I., and et.al., 2012. Festival and events management. Routledge.
Labadi, S. and Long, C. eds., 2010. Heritage and globalisation. Routledge.
Raj, R. and Griffin, K.A. eds., 2015. Religious tourism and pilgrimage management: An
international perspective. Cabi.
Ashworth, G. and Larkham, P. eds., 2013. Building a new heritage (RLE Tourism). Routledge.
Araoz, G.F., 2011. Preserving heritage places under a new paradigm. Journal of cultural heritage
management and sustainable development. 1(1). pp.55-60.
Chen, C.F. and Chen, F.S., 2010. Experience quality, perceived value, satisfaction and behavioral
intentions for heritage tourists. Tourism management. 31(1). pp.29-35.
Waterton, E. and Smith, L., 2010. The recognition and misrecognition of community heritage.
International Journal of Heritage Studies. 16(1-2). pp.4-15.
Chirikure, S., and et.al., 2010. Unfulfilled promises? Heritage management and community
participation at some of Africa's cultural heritage sites. International Journal of Heritage
Studies. 16(1-2). pp.30-44.
Loulanski, T. and Loulanski, V., 2011. The sustainable integration of cultural heritage and
tourism: a meta-study. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 19(7). pp.837-862.
Uysal, M., Perdue, R. and Sirgy, M.J. eds., 2012. Handbook of tourism and quality-of-life
research: Enhancing the lives of tourists and residents of host communities. Springer
Science & Business Media.
Sigala, M., Christou, E. and Gretzel, U. eds., 2012. Social media in travel, tourism and
hospitality: Theory, practice and cases. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd..
Cova, B., Kozinets, R. and Shankar, A., 2012. Consumer tribes. Routledge.
Cannon, J.P., Doney, P.M., Mullen, M.R. and Petersen, K.J., 2010. Building long-term
orientation in buyer–supplier relationships: The moderating role of culture. Journal of
Operations Management. 28(6). pp.506-521.
Online
14

McManus D., 2017. V&A Gallery London. [Online]. Available through:<https://www.e-
architect.co.uk/london/v-a-gallery-london>. [Accessed on 21st July 2017].
15