BTEC HND: UK Heritage & Cultural Tourism Management Report

This report analyzes the heritage and cultural tourism industry, focusing on the United Kingdom. It examines the growth and development of the sector, the challenges in preserving heritage and ethnic resources, and the purpose of heritage and cultural attractions. The impact of different ownership models on heritage management is discussed, along with the roles and responsibilities of various organizations in the industry, including the National Trust and English Heritage. Finally, the report explores the methods and media used for interpretation to enhance the visitor experience. The study highlights the importance of balancing tourism with the preservation of cultural heritage and ensuring sustainable development within the industry.

HERITAGE

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Analyse the growth and development of the heritage and cultural industry....................1
1.2 Likely struggles in the preservation of heritage and ethnic resources..............................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................2
2.1 Purpose of heritage and cultural attractions ....................................................................2
TASK3.............................................................................................................................................3
3.1Impact of different ownership on the management of heritage.........................................3
3.2 Role and responsibilities of organizations in the heritage and cultural industry..............4
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................6
4.1 Methods and media used for interpretation......................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8
.........................................................................................................................................................9

1

INTRODUCTION
Tourism is one of the fastest growing business throughout the world. It serves many
purposes of travellers starting from source of fun and recreation to travel abroad, educational
purposes, purpose of gathering meaningful experience through travelling historical sites as well
as business processes. This study is based on heritage and cultural management of different
cultural industries of United Kingdom. In the view of (Ashworth and Page, 2011), understanding
relationship of industry is important as it helps in growth and development of business activities
in heritage industry. The most important factor is that of values which attracts culture and
heritage within tourism sector. Then roles and responsibilities of industries must be necessarily
generated for purpose of increasing profits for organizations and finally all types of
interpretations that affects heritage and culture must be outlined in this study.
TASK 1
1.1 Analyse the growth and development of the heritage and cultural industry
Covered in Poster
1.2 Likely struggles in the preservation of heritage and ethnic resources
Struggles in preservation of heritage and ethnic resources
Date- 03/07/2017
For any country it is a challenge to maintain and develop its heritage so that tourism and culture
can be balanced. But with increase in population and traveling culture threat to the same is
increasing at a great speed. Reason behind same are discussed in detail below
Impact of visitors on sites – When people travel to new places they do not actually realize the
importance of location they are visiting. Tourists are in habit of writing their names on old
places and this way they spoil the beauty of sites they are visiting. Lack of awareness and
education are the major reasons behind their such attitude (Barbieri and Mahoney, 2010).
Presentation of heritage and culture to visitors – With increase in culture of traveling
demand for guides has also increased much. This has created supply of people who ensure that
they have full knowledge about different places of particular area. But in reality if a survey is
done than there are many fake guides who actually do not have any idea how a place should be
represented and even does not have full knowledge about the places they are taking visitors to
visit. Hence, it is a challenge for the tourism sector to maintain the standards and levels of those
who represents the whole culture in front of people from different locations.
Planning and land use – It is also another major conflict to maintain the the projects of past
and their associated risk so that appropriate location is selected. If concerns authority fails to

do so it would lead to poor planning and wastage of land area. Brown v/s green field – In order
to provide an impressive experience to different tourists it is important that they do not face any
problem or inconvenience during their visit. For this one factor is this also that effective
distribution of green and brown sites are done effectively. Impact of new technologies – With
the change and advancement that is taking place in the process of doing differently jobs it
becomes important that they are utilized to provide training and new opportunities to the staff
members of employees concern with the tourism of heritage. Lack of advanced practical
application technique may result into failure of good designing of policies and operations for
improving the past belongings of culture (Chen and Chen, 2010). Development of staff – In
order to enhance the culture of visiting culture the prime need is to make the staff concern for
same to be trained and effective enough so that they give their best services to those who are
visiting the distinct places. It becomes very difficult to train all at equal level due to variations
in culture and ability to understand(Choi and et. al., 2010).
Unawareness – In order to maintain the surroundings of distinct places that are related to
culture it is important that cleanness and hygiene is maintained so that those visiting the places
can enjoy their stay. Due to unawareness and less concern showed tourist do not take efforts to
keep the places clean and apart from this they harm the buildings by scribbling or throwing
what material in the premises (The British Museum, 2017).
TASK 2
2.1 Purpose of heritage and cultural attractions
In order to experience continuous improvements in the total tourism it is very important
that the attractions of tourism are maintained so that they do not loose their charm and
importance. People visit various places with variety of objectives and reasons therefore their
expectations from same place also differences to a great extent (Cuccia and Rizzo, 2011). As
every different place has their own reason for visit the purpose of visiting that place also varies
which is given below:
Education – There are places which are visited by different visitors in order to gain knowledge
and understanding of particular culture. This can be for the personal or professional development
of an individual or group. It is observed that these days the culture has changed. Many learning
institutions arranges different programs at few selected places in order to give practical
knowledge to their students (Devesa, Laguna and Palacios, 2010). Also it is considered that
when students visit the place personally it has long term impact on their memory. For instance,
Victoria and Albert Museum organizes events like drama skits and like activities which helps in
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developing the actual and true picture of the place selected.
Research – It is not necessary that people visiting different places are moving their only with the
purpose of traveling but there are chances when visitors visit few selected places with an aim of
conducting research. They through their visit come across the experiments and discoveries done
by the old people in past. These facts help them in completing their projects as they discover new
technology to perform the same tasks assigned. People who are interested in doing innovations in
their code of conduct like to travel such places (Frey and George, 2010).
Entertainment – These days it is observed that people are very busy and they do not get enough
time for themselves in which they can relax and feel happy. Therefore this has increased the
culture of moving out from cites whenever they get chance (Hayllar, Griffin and Edwards, 2010).
In that case people like visiting place where they can chill and feel comfortable. Family outing is
mostly observed in this type of trips and therefore it is required that much care is given to the
places where more and more visitors can come and enjoy their free time.
TASK3
3.1Impact of different ownership on the management of heritage
As variety of heritage and culture is spread all over the country the management and type
of ownership is entirely different due variations in collaboration where they have to carry out
their actions. Hence, duties and obligations of each also differs to a great level. tourism is doing a
very good business in present economy (Hjalager, 2010). All the old buildings and monuments
are majorly controlled by the legal authority and the private sector involvement is taken in order
to maintain its conditions and so that they do not go below standards. Result of each form of
ownership is given below:
Political – Without government control development of heritage is a tough task to achieved.
Good amount of investment is done by it in order to preserve the old culture and heritage.
Required experts are brought by the legal body and in case if it is not available in local market
tan experts are called from cross boundaries even.
Institutional – There are few selected areas which are controlled by private individuals also and
even than they are experiencing a good development (Jimura, 2011). Kosovo is a good example
where development has done in culture with an assistance of various national authorities.
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Collaboration – It is an example where management is done with a combination of both private
and public authority. Collectively they practice their hold and work towards improving the total
standards.
Private – It is the ownership in which management is handled by private operators. All the
required important judgments are taken by them. There motive is also to give their customer best
experience of their visit to a particular historic place. They work more on maintaining the total
standard (Keitumetse, 2011).
Competition is tough in this industry and in order to compete there are situations where
due to some economic conditions the authority faces loss also. When private individuals take
care of the heritage their core motive is to earn profit and for this they may even harm the actual
beauty. Therefore it is very important that each different holding authority work with loyalty and
dedication so that the culture of society need not to suffer (Logan, 2012).
3.2 Role and responsibilities of organizations in the heritage and cultural industry
For heritage industry there is no single management authority which could be considered
as only responsible for the management of culture. It is very important to preserve and keep the
culture save so that tourism remains non effected and experiences continuous improvements
(Loulanski and Loulanski, 2011). Therefore, in order to promote the culture efforts are taken by
the management which are given below:
National trust – This is an international organization of cited country which ensures the
development and also takes care of the total security of distinct areas so that sites of different
location remain preserved. They ensure that tourism at international level do not get affected and
also when history related belongings are preserved it improves the total importance worth of that
country itself. This way cross country traveling increases which further leads to improvement in
total GDP (Nicholas and Thapa, 2010).
English heritage – It is a trust which is enrolled with the state government. It works for the
development and preservation of countries heritage. It is a combination of a number of old
monuments and architectures which needs to be protected against exploitation so that they do not
get damaged. Their main aim is to provide protection to all the available natural resources so that
which they do with he help of British legal authority. English heritage has major significance
among the general public as it is praised by different individuals (Poria, Reichel and Cohen,
2013).
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Heritage lottery fund – It was established in 1994 in UK under a legal document lottery act
1993. polices were made in order to raise the significance of heritage by formulating various
polices for the protection of ancient heritage. It brought awareness among the society members
that why it is necessary to work for the betterment of culture by realizing them its importance in
the present era. In order to develop the standards of heritage funds through variety of resources
are raised which further leads to raising of countries economy level (Richards, 2011).
Department of culture, media and sport – This area takes the responsibility of improving the
media and games in country and also across the boundaries. With the assistance of different
sources of media various issues related to the culture are spread among the different prats of
country so that awareness can be created (Timothy, 2017).
TASK 4
4.1 Methods and media used for interpretation
Different ways help the government in fascinating the general public to visit the various
places. People travel for entertainment and in it is very important that each individual is provided
with the required knowledge so that they can take their decision of traveling accordingly. The
mode of providing information can be interpretations which are recorded from the feedback
given by the people visiting the distinct places. Their response are recorded for the purpose of
taking corrective actions by the management so that overall development can take place (Wang
and Bramwell, 2012). Through practical knowledge more facts are discovered which may be lost
if data is presented in black and white. Escorts take the visitors to visiting places narratives so
that so that actual facts can be shown to them. In order to perform this task is performed by the
authority of various sites in which check is kept on selected visitors in order to record their
reactions (Yang, Lin and Han, 2010).
The renowned museum of British is got appraisals from the general public after it started
using the internet for sharing information with the general public. Interpretations are received in
different forms from the clients which varies in audio or video mode. As now trend of internet
has increased much, it proved to be a blessing as more and more people get to know about the
improvements made by management towards the heritage. Attendants were not the only source
of knowledge for the customers as it was observed in museum that written material is also
provided to those who wish to gather knowledge about various objects and through that text
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tourists can get the complete idea about the history of that particular site (Zhang and et. al.,
2011).
Travelers are also given the facility of multimedia guides which are capable of providing
required data in different languages so that no one feel inconvenient in acquiring the required
data. Placement of different specimens are done in a manner that they match with the whole and
accordingly with the object related labels are kept along with them so that clear idea can be
gathered just by taking a glimpse at the given note (Royal Arts of Academy, 2016).
CONCLUSION
Heritage and cultural sites play an important role to uphold a country's culture, its
tradition, its long history and so on. All these factors makes role of heritage more significant to
all citizens of country and to all tourist who visit different places throughout the world. Inn this
case success of travel and tourism industry helps business as they are directly related to heritage
and cultural sites. That's why it is necessary to uphold original picture of cultural and heritage
sites which will attract many visitors of world. Because there are many visitors which will reach
and acknowledge based on these sites irrespective of entertainment. In this case if they cannot
understand real picture then they might get demotivated and can harm industry.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
Ashworth, G. and Page, S. J., 2011. Urban tourism research: Recent progress and current
paradoxes. Tourism Management. 32(1). pp.1-15.
Barbieri, C. and Mahoney, E., 2010. Cultural tourism behaviour and preferences among the live‐
performing arts audience: an application of the univorous–omnivorous framework.
International Journal of Tourism Research. 12(5). pp.481-496.
Chen, C. F. and Chen, F. S., 2010. Experience quality, perceived value, satisfaction and
behavioral intentions for heritage tourists. Tourism management. 31(1). pp.29-35.
Chen, C. F. and Chen, P. C., 2010. Resident attitudes toward heritage tourism development.
Tourism Geographies. 12(4). pp.525-545.
Choi, A. S., and et. al., 2010. Economic valuation of cultural heritage sites: A choice modeling
approach. Tourism Management. 31(2). pp.213-220.
Cuccia, T. and Rizzo, I., 2011. Tourism seasonality in cultural destinations: Empirical evidence
from Sicily. Tourism Management. 32(3). pp.589-595.
Devesa, M., Laguna, M. and Palacios, A., 2010. The role of motivation in visitor satisfaction:
Empirical evidence in rural tourism. Tourism management. 31(4). pp.547-552.
Frey, N. and George, R., 2010. Responsible tourism management: The missing link between
business owners' attitudes and behaviour in the Cape Town tourism industry. Tourism
management. 31(5). pp.621-628.
Hayllar, B., Griffin, T. and Edwards, D., 2010. City Spaces-Tourist Places. Routledge.
Hjalager, A. M., 2010. A review of innovation research in tourism. Tourism management. 31(1).
pp.1-12.
Jimura, T., 2011. The impact of world heritage site designation on local communities–A case
study of Ogimachi, Shirakawa-mura, Japan. Tourism Management. 32(2). pp.288-296.
Keitumetse, S. O., 2011. Sustainable development and cultural heritage management in
Botswana: Towards sustainable communities. Sustainable development. 19(1). pp.49-
59.
Logan, W., 2012. Cultural diversity, cultural heritage and human rights: towards heritage
management as human rights-based cultural practice. International journal of heritage
studies. 18(3). pp.231-244.
Loulanski, T. and Loulanski, V., 2011. The sustainable integration of cultural heritage and
tourism: a meta-study. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 19(7). pp.837-862.
Nicholas, L. and Thapa, B., 2010. Visitor perspectives on sustainable tourism development in the
pitons management area world heritage site, St. Lucia. Environment, Development and
Sustainability. 12(5). pp.839-857.
Poria, Y., Reichel, A. and Cohen, R., 2013. Tourists perceptions of World Heritage Site and its
designation. Tourism Management. 35. pp.272-274
Richards, G., 2011. Tourism development trajectories: From culture to creativity? Tourism &
Management Studies. (6). pp.9-15.
Timothy, D. J. ed., 2017. Managing heritage and cultural tourism resources: Critical essays,
Volume one. Routledge.
Wang, Y. and Bramwell, B., 2012. Heritage protection and tourism development priorities in
Hangzhou, China: A political economy and governance perspective. Tourism
Management. 33(4). pp.988-998.
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Yang, C. H., Lin, H. L. and Han, C. C., 2010. Analysis of international tourist arrivals in China:
The role of World Heritage Sites. Tourism management. 31(6). pp.827-837.
Zhang, H., and et. al., 2011. The evaluation of tourism destination competitiveness by TOPSIS
& information entropy–A case in the Yangtze River Delta of China. Tourism
Management. 32(2). pp.443-451.
Online
Royal Arts of Academy. 2016. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/>. [Accessed on 04th July 2017].
The British Museum. 2017. [Online]. Available through: <http://www.britishmuseum.org/>.
[Accessed on 04th July 2017].
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