This case study examines the legal framework governing the operations of Banco Santander, a major international banking institution, in Australia. It analyzes the key Australian legislation applicable to banking companies, including the Corporations Act 2001, Competition and Consumer Act 2010, Banking Act 1959, Reserve Bank Act 1959, and Australian Securities and Investment Commission Act 2001. The study also explores the role of international agreements, treaties, and conventions in shaping the bank's operations, particularly focusing on the China-Australia Free Trade Agreement (ChAFTA) and its implications for financial services. By analyzing the legal and regulatory landscape, the case study provides insights into the challenges and opportunities faced by international banking institutions operating in a globalized environment.