Orientation for Success in Higher Education

This essay reflects on the impacts of Covid-19 on the hospitality, travel and leisure industry, the utilization of formative feedback for summative assessment, cultural and behavioural expectations of a degree in business and management studies, and the importance of peer-to-peer support and team work for learning experience.

Orientation for Success in
Higher Education

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Impacts of Covid -19...................................................................................................................3
Formative feedback utilization for summative assessment.........................................................4
Cultural and behavioural expectations of a degree in business and management studies...........4
Peer-to-peer support and team work importance for learning experience...................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Reflective learning can be said as a type of education in which the student reflects their
own experience in their learning. In this essay reflection is made towards the impacts that the
Covid-19 pandemic has had on the Hospitality, travel and leisure industry. The experience of
how this pandemic affected these businesses are reflected upon in this study (Byrne, 2021). With
the help of a reflective analysis these impacts will be explained based on these following
industries. The utilization of the formative feedback for providing information and improvements
to the summative assessed work will be explained in the following essay. Formative feedback are
ungraded or less opportunistic promotions which measures actions taken for improving the skills
and knowledge of the learners (Rasi and Vuojärvi, 2018). This essay helps in the identification of
the expectations of both cultural and behavioural studies in the business and management. With
the help of reflection the business and management study and its expectations are understood.
This essay will be successful in explaining the importance of peer to peer support and team work
for the enhancement of the learning experience of the learners. Peer to peer support is the support
that people provide to each other out of their own experiences (Williams and et.al., 2018).
MAIN BODY
Impacts of Covid -19
As per my experience Covid-19 has been the worst natural calamity in the form of
pandemic that this generation has ever face. In my knowledge this pandemic has effected people
of the world in many ways. The impacts it has had on Hospitality industry is one of the worst
that I have ever seen. The major impact of this pandemic on hospitality industry was that all the
operations of these companies stopped. I also know about how the companies were struggling
financially due to major lock downs that most of them had to fire their employees. It was a bad
experience for this industry as they were not prepared for such a calamity. I also studied that
travelling industry had even poor experiences during the Covid-19 period. The companies from
this industry also suffered major losses (Lee and Chen, 2020). It also was impacted to the
recession which came upon both during and after the pandemic. As per my knowledge the
increase in the prices of the fuel was a major impact for the business of these companies both
during and after the pandemic. I also heard from some people that they were also fired from their

job during the pandemic. This meant many companies in this industry had to hire employees
after the pandemics major effects went through. The direct effect on the these industries was
increase in their cost and expenditure due to which they had to raise the prices of their services.
This resulted in the loss of customers for these companies. I also noticed a negative trend in the
value of the stocks of these industries. As per my evaluation Covid -19 was responsible for
stagnation of the these industries in very similar ways (Emanuel, 2021). Most impacts were
negative however, after “the unlock” these industries are benefiting the most as the people are
now considering tourism and travelling more and more.
Formative feedback utilization for summative assessment
Formative feedback is a type of feedback which holds very less or sometimes has
negatively graded stakes and opportunities in order to promote, inspire and also measure the
skills, knowledge and abilities of the student. For the instructors specially it is very useful as it
enables them to identify the learning barriers. It can also be said this type of feedback provides
the evidence to the current performance of the learners. This is used for adjusting the level of
instructions for the present level of learning (Winstone and Boud, 2020). I have experienced that
formative feedbacks are made for the purpose of learning. However, the summative assessed
work is the learning itself. This means that the summative assessed work is used for the purpose
of learning but for forming them it is necessary to develop knowledge skills and abilities which
can be assessed (Watkins and Guihen, 2018). Formative feedback that holds skills, knowledge
and abilities have the ability to enhance the summative assessed work. A formative feedback of
an individual explains the necessities of the person in the learning. However, it also is very
important for framing the summative assessment which can be utilized by the same individual to
improve themselves (Sardareh, 2018). The summative assessment consists of resolved issues that
the individual had. Thus, it improves the person exactly were in their limitations. Summative
assessments in themselves are not complete as they provide information in a very general
perspective however, formative feedback has the potential of improving these feedbacks in ways
which are considered to be very effective in nature (Solhi and Eğinli, 2020). Summative assessed
work is known to be the summary of all the learnings and after adding the need for improvement
aspects of the formative feedback the learners can easily benefit from them.

Cultural and behavioural expectations of a degree in business and management studies
For a degree in the studies of business and management there are certain expectation
from the students. This degree has certain expectations are from it which has various
perspectives. The cultural expectations are from the students are generally due to the financial
institution which want their promotions (Kusumawati and et.al., 2021). These expectations are
also from the cultural background of the student. In certain place there are much more pressure
for the students get the degree as compared to other places. The study of business and
management provides the experiences of managing or establishing business. The cultural
expectation for a degree in business and management is very obvious (Watling and Ginsburg,
2019). Cultural expectation demands from the degree that it will help them by motivating them
for their future studies while being able to balance their classes and important meetings. Due to
the cultural expectations the students become deliberate in their working process and stay
focused on to all kinds of efforts that are put into the studies. Apart from all this the cultural
expectation are to develop time and task management skills and strategies for the students which
also allows them to track their progress in the company (Alshaibani and Bakir, 2017). The
behaviour of the student also raises some expectations for the degree of business and
management. Some examples of these expectations are being on the safe side as per studies is
concerned. The students make sure that they study regularly with full focus on their lectures.
This is also a way of being responsible towards their efforts put in into the studies. The
expectation from the students is also that they will be able to get well-paid job after achieving the
degree. Some students also expect themselves to be capable enough to become a future
entrepreneur.
Peer-to-peer support and team work importance for learning experience
Peer to peer support is important for enhancing the learning experience of the individual
because this technique utilizes the ways of training students for prevent bed habits development
in the students (Loe and Quaglia, 2019). This is easy and very effective way of learning for a
student as it teacher them from the experiences of the peers which can develop confidence, self-
awareness of the learners. It is a very effective way of guide the learners allowing them to go
through new concepts and material (Biagianti, Quraishi and Schlosser, 2018. This is good for
developing skills, understanding and confidence in the students. Team work is also very
important for the learners. Team work increases the collaboration feeling in the learners. It is

essential for the learner as it improves communicational and social skills which can actively and
effectively help the learners (Breakey and et.al., 2018). Team work also results in having
respectful and confidential expressing of their ideas and opinions specially in a group setting.
The learners which are sensitive are seen to develop the most with the help of team work. This
allows them to overcome their fears and also learns way of dealing with the critique. Effective
team work with communication, collaboration and combined efforts have the potential develop
better outcomes.
CONCLUSION
With the help of this project it can be concluded that the learning experiences can be
enhanced by peer to peer support and team work. This project showed us identify the cultural
and behavioural expectation which are present during the studies of a degree in the business and
management. In this essay the use of formative feedback for the information and improvement of
summative assessed work has been described. With the help of a reflective analysis the impacts
of Covid-19 on the hospitality, travel and leisure industry has been explained. This talks about
both the positive and negative aspects faced by these industries due to Covid-19. Formative
feedback turns out be very informative for improving the summative assessed work because
these are understatement of the actual potential of the learner which brings out the hidden
potential which can promote the knowledge and skills. The information derived from formative
feedback is then utilized in summative assessed. This essay shows the huge influence made by
the expectation from the degree in business and management. This essay shows how important
team work is for a learner.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alshaibani, E. and Bakir, A., 2017. A reading in cross-cultural service encounter: Exploring the
relationship between cultural intelligence, employee performance and service
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Biagianti, B., Quraishi, S.H. and Schlosser, D.A., 2018. Potential benefits of incorporating peer-
to-peer interactions into digital interventions for psychotic disorders: a systematic
review. Psychiatric services. 69(4). pp.377-388.
Breakey, V.R., and et.al., 2018. Online peer-to-peer mentoring support for youth with
hemophilia: qualitative needs assessment. JMIR pediatrics and parenting, 1(2), p.e10958.
Byrne, J., 2021. The 15 minute city: Possible or problematic?. Planning News. 47(4). pp.24-25.
Emanuel, N., 2021. The Fruits of Our Labor: Essays on Work and Its Impacts (Doctoral
dissertation).
Kusumawati, A., and et.al., 2021. The antecedents of behavioural intention for island tourism
across traveller generations: a case of Bali. Leisure/Loisir. 45(1). pp.53-74.
Loe, A.F. and Quaglia, E.A., 2019, November. You shall not join: A measurement study of
cryptocurrency peer-to-peer bootstrapping techniques. In Proceedings of the 2019 ACM
SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (pp. 2231-2247).
Rasi, P. and Vuojärvi, H., 2018. Toward personal and emotional connectivity in mobile higher
education through asynchronous formative audio feedback. British Journal of
Educational Technology. 49(2). pp.292-304.
Sardareh, S.A., 2018. Formative feedback in a Malaysian primary school ESL context. MOJES:
Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Sciences. 4(1). pp.1-8.
Solhi, M. and Eğinli, İ., 2020. The Effect of recorded oral feedback on efl learners'
writing. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies. 16(1). pp.1-13.
Watkins, D. and Guihen, L., 2018. Using Narrative and Metaphor in Formative
Feedback. Journal of Legal Education. 68(1). pp.154-175.
Watling, C.J. and Ginsburg, S., 2019. Assessment, feedback and the alchemy of
learning. Medical education. 53(1). pp.76-85.
Williams, E.M., and et.al., 2018. Peer‐to‐peer mentoring for African American women with
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Winstone, N.E. and Boud, D., 2020. The need to disentangle assessment and feedback in higher
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Online
Lee, C.C and Chen, Mei.P., 2020. The impact of COVID-19 on the travel and leisure industry
returns: Some international evidence[Online]. Available through:
<https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1354816620971981>