Achievements and Failures of Alexander in Handling the Persian Empire

Running Head: History 0
Roman History

History 1
Introduction
Alexander was one of the greatest commander and powerful warrior of his times. He
accomplished many wars during his times as a king. He conquered the Persians, re-
established the league, and left behind an incredible legacy. He was the son of King Philip II
and his fourth wife and born in the city of Pella in Macedonia in 356 BC. He is often referred
to as “The Great” for his extraordinary strategic, leadership, and military capabilities. After
the death of his father, Alexander creased internal opposition to make sure to attain complete
control over Greece. He also began his renowned campaign, which resulted in the conquest of
the Achaemenid Empire and becomes one of the successful empires in history. He is known
for his military genius and diplomatic skills in dealing with several populaces of the regions
he ruled (Harrison 2018, 185-214).
He ruled the Persian Empire and parts of central Asia, which was a huge accomplishment in
his life. He has the most famous Hellenistic city established by him, which was named
Alexandria in Egypt (Tuplin 2018, 13-55). In the following, an effort has been made to
discuss the achievements and failures of Alexander in handling the Persian Empire.
Achievements of Alexander in handling the Persian Empire
The major achievements of Alexander the Great put a major emphasis on his qualities and
glorious military campaign. His accomplishments on the battlefield set his sights on the
Persian Empire, where he directed his army unconquered through Asia Minor. It is stated that
after the assassination of Philip II had emboldened several tribes such as Thessaly, Thebes,
and Athens to revolt. He is very quick to respond riding with south to Thessaly and forcing
them to surrender (Rizopoulos and Thomakos 2016, 15-21). Alexander was provided the title
of ‘Hegemon’ of the Greek powers against the Persians. They also succeeded in the
Achaemenid Empire, which Cyrus establishes was one of the biggest empires in history from
the Balkans and Eastern Europe to the Indus in the east. They maintained effectively through
the centralized bureaucratic framework, which is similar to provinces. He had minimized the
competitive advantage of the Persians and had reduced their deadly chariots. They have
continued to take a competitive edge against the Persians and fight more battles near banks.
Alexander and his companions have killed many high-ranking Persian noble, which is the
biggest success (Aneni 2018, 77-86).

History 2
He has also succeeded in the battle of Issus, which is determined as the main breakthrough in
a long campaign against Persia. It is stated that after the defeat of Persians at the battle of
Granicus, Darius III personally gathered a large army beginning up a battle with Alexander’s
army of Issus. Alexander and his Royal commissions attacked the Persian army and cutting
up the rivals on a terrain generated a quick retreat. After that, his elite cavalry led a direct
attack on Darius who was forced to run away (Gatzke 2015, 444-447).
Alexander also crossed the Tigris and Euphrates and moved the path towards the battle of
Gaugamela in which Darius III has gathered the vast army involving the optimum cavalry
from his eastern satraps. He struck the weakened center of the Persian army by attaining the
path to Darius. It is stated that the Battle of Gaugamela was one of the successive victories of
Alexander. He attained substantial wealth in the Persian capital of Susa and Babylon and
become the Persian Kings. Alexander was ambushed by the heavy losses, which were
inflicted on the Greek army and the Persians were finally defeated and encircled. This battle
was the last nail and had lastly succeeded the dominant Achaemenid Empire (Beaudoen
2017, 33-66).
It is stated that Alexander had seen the last battle with the Persian resistance in 328 B.C.
After his marriage to Roxana, this had maintained the relationship with the satrapies of
central Asia and turned the path towards India. Alexander has crossed the Indus to fight the
Battle of Hydrapes against Porus and defeating several tribes and clans in the region. In the
event of this epic battle had made Alexander so impressed by the bravery of Porus. After that,
they made a strategic alliance and appointing him as the satrap of his own kingdom. This
battle was the last battle among the great battle of Alexander and besides being a great
general and military tactician. He was popular for being persevering, diplomatic, ruthless, and
even kind at some junctures. He had those qualities that committed its long and over the
lasting campaign, which made him undefeated in battle (Caldwell 2018, 335-358).
Alexander “The Great” is regarded as one of the most influential people in their times. At the
time of his death, the empire of Alexander was the biggest state covering approximately
5,200,000 sq. km. Alexander and especially the Roman leaders who saw him as a role model
significantly appreciated his exploits in the ancient world. His conquests introduced
Macedonian rule to various parts of Asia and covered all other areas for the next centuries.
His campaigns also majorly put emphasis on developing trade relations and contact between
east and west (Gutas 2015, 326-350). He established about more than twenty cities that recall