History & Criticism of Landscape Design

History & Criticism of Landscape Design

Table of Contents
Idea 1: Ancient European Large Accommodation Landscape Design (100 BC to 500 AD)...........................1
Idea 2: Religious Landscape Designs of Medieval Ages (500 AD to 1200 AD)..............................................4
Idea 3: The Renaissance Aged Landscapes: Introduction of Logic (1200 AD to 1600 AD)............................5
Baroque period- More drama and grandeur...............................................................................................7
Idea 5- The essence of Neo Classicalism in 18th century England..............................................................11
Idea 6- Mix of Classical and Gothic 19th century........................................................................................13
Design Manifesto.......................................................................................................................................17
References.................................................................................................................................................17
Appendix...................................................................................................................................................18
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Idea 1: Ancient European Large Accommodation Landscape Design (100 BC to 500 AD)
The ancient Roman Architecture refers to the extension of the classical Greek Architectural
Style. The development of this style took place from the emergence of the powerful Roman
dynasty of ancient European history. The basic technique that can be seen in this sort of
architecture was the use of concrete materials for the first time in the classical European
civilization. This is to be mentioned further that it was the first time when ancient Europe used
the concrete and sustainable model of architecture. The period of such formation indicates the
timeframe from the 500 BC to the 1000 AD. The development of this model was carried with the
use of the arch and dome. The introduction of such technologies brought an epoch-making
change in the history of the European architectural style. To elaborate on this, the architecture of
that period is to be mentioned that the development of such architecture was the product of the
intercourse between both aesthetics and technology. Rome originated Etruscan architecture
when get mixed and enriched by the architecture of Greece; it created the classical European
architecture. It was the transformation of former trabeatedarchitecture which was based on the
columns and lintels to the architecture with massive walls with the arches and domes. The
Roman architecture style adopted the Tuscan and the Composite order in those days. The Tuscan
refers to the short and straightforward variant on the Doric order while the Composite order
refers to the tremendous floral decoration of Corinthian. The greatest achievement of Roman
architecture has been seen from 100 BC to almost 300 AD (Plieninger et al., 2015).
The entire philosophy behind the old aged landscape design was to develop and create a
centralized designing—a designing that focuses on centralized gatherings and thus strengthens
the community spaces. It is to be seen critically that although the private ownership had been
retired at that period, the primitive culture of the commune lifestyle had not been delinked with
the people. That was reflected in landscape designing. If we look at the old Roman and the
Greek architectural styles and the landscape designs, we find the same. The development of the
community spaces and the development of the giant architectural sculpture suggest the
accommodation of an enormous number of people under a single roof. The Coliseum of Rome is
a prime example of this fact. The following figure might be useful to understand the
architectural styles at a glance.
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Fig 1: The Ancient Giant and Large Accommodation Landscape Designing
Source: Created by Researcher
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Figure 2: Roman Concrete
Source: https://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/researchers-discover-secret-recipe-
roman-concrete-020141
Figure 3:
Roman
Architecture’s Dome
Source: https://romeonsegway.com/10-facts-about-the-pantheon/
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Figure 4:Roman Architecture’s Arch
Source: http://judaism-and-rome.cnrs.fr/arch-hadrian-gerasa-129-130-ce
Figure 5: Roman Tuscan Architecture
Source: :https://www.pinterest.com/pin/132785888985209818/
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