This assignment delves into the growing concern of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae. It examines various aspects, including epidemiological factors associated with ESBL infections, genetic mechanisms behind ESBL production, and strategies to combat their spread. The provided research papers shed light on CTX-M enzymes, trends in ESBL prevalence, and the resurgence of old antibiotics as potential solutions. This comprehensive analysis aims to understand the complexities surrounding ESBL resistance and its implications for public health.