History of Estate Regeneration in UK: Literature Review

LITERATURE
REVIEW

TABLE OF CONTENTS
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................3
History of estate regeneration in UK from 1990- 2017...............................................................3
History of Urban regeneration policy from 2000-2017...............................................................8
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................10

LITERATURE REVIEW
History of estate regeneration in UK from 1990- 2017
According to Tallon, (2013), some of the estates are in need of repair and investment
which is beyond the normal limit (Tallon, 2013). Repair is needed due to various reasons such as
condition, faults in design, age etc. Estate regeneration has emerged as concept that involves a
wide range of activities that include replacement of buildings, refurbishing, constructing
additional housing etc (Börstinghaus, 2011). Before undertaking these activities, there is a need
for in-depth engagement with the residents. As per the views of Lees, (2014), the practice of
regeneration contributes to improving the living standards of residents. Moreover, it also
provides additional benefits of job opportunities, improvement in safety conditions, better
schools etc. (Lees, 2014).
Haran and et.al., (2011) explored the history of estate regeneration in UK. According to
them, many London housing estates were created so that the devastation caused by the World
Wars could be tackled (Haran and et.al., 2011). Various national estate regeneration programs
included creation of Housing Action Trusts known as HATS in the year 1980. Also, New Deal
for Communities was made in the late 1990s and early 2000s. These steps were efficient at
providing significant physical and social investment in the housing estates. Bailey, (2012)
explored that during the pre- war period purchasing of a new house in Britain was expensive to
the extent that it was only reserved for the wealthy section of the population (Bailey, 2012). With
the population growth, search of employment became a necessity which lead to relocation of
masses to the big cities in. Ultimately, they were pushed into the slums which were already
overcrowded. This led to emergence of a number of public health concerns that were raised by
the middle class people who were concerned about the spread of diseases.
Regeneration of Castle vale in Birmingham
A remarkable process of transformation has been experienced by the Castle Vale over the
past 15 years. The regeneration began in the year 1993 when Castle Vale was considered as a
‘hellhole’ that suffered with a number of design and build problems. The most vulnerable
housing applicants were paced in the area. These were the people who lacked choice and had
immediate need of housing facility. This created a tension between the longer established tenants
and new people who were moved to this place. Moreover, the alleyways were ill-lit that provided
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