Annotated Bibliography - Medical Healthcare Sector

This annotated bibliography explores the history, evolution, and development of human resource management in the healthcare industry. It discusses the importance of HRM in delivering better medical aid and improving healthcare outcomes globally. The articles cover various aspects such as HRM practices, working conditions, industrial relations, and HR planning in the healthcare sector.

HRMT20024 T1 2019 Assessment 2
Annotated bibliography– Medical healthcare sector
Theme: Evolving concept of HR
Article 1
History, Evolution and Development of Human Resource
Management: A Contemporary Perspective
a. Full reference of the article:
Tubay, R., jacob, K., & Kurgat, A. (2015). History, Evolution and Development of Human
Resource. European Journal of Business and Management , 139-150.
b. Objective and research question:
This research primarily focuses on the perspective of health care industry and its
importance HR activities globally. The importance of HRM is increasing with the
development of medical facilities and medication. And it even results in delivering better
medical aid to the citizens (Tubay, jacob, & Kurgat, 2015).
c. Method:
The entire research has been prepared based on secondary data collection. The department of
human resource management is continuously evolving. The paper assesses the overall
development of HRM and its improvement in the healthcare industry. The entire research is
qualitative and based on previous researches and reports.
d. Findings and discussion
There are several essential aspects that clearly affect the medical practices and human
resource management in health care industry. The study describes how HRM is essential for
health care system and how it enables management to upgrade the health care model globally.

Based on the figure, it is observed that the functioning of human resource management is
improving continuously. Human resource is a dynamic department of the hospital. It is
continuously changing its activities and function with evolving time. Earlier employees were
considered as labourers of the organisation. Today they are considered as an important asset
for organisation. Moreover with medical facilities, it is important to take care of staff as to
maintain the services quality standards. It is observed that health care industry is facing
challenges in USA, Canada and other key developing countries. There is absence of skilled
employees for the medication; hence they recruit talent from developing countries such as
Ghana and South Africa. Information technology has touched all the aspects of HRM which
leads to have effective and efficient operations and processes.
e. Conclusion
It is very necessary to manage the human resources properly in order to ensure that a high
quality of healthcare is provided. There is a need to do more research in terms of new policies
in order to focus on HRM in the health care industry. An effective HRM strategy would be
required to achieve accurate results in the field of health care across the globe.
f. How this article will contribute to my Essay 3.
The assessed paper basically looks into health care as a system from a global perspective. It
also highlights the fact that HRM is very important in improving the outcomes related to
patient’s health and the overall distribution of health and critical care services.
Theme – Context of HRM
Article 2
Human Resource Management in Health Care Sector a
Conceptual Study
a. Full reference of the article:
Sundari, N., & Rao, N. (2017). Human Resource Management in Health Care Sector a
Conceptual Study. Journal of Business and Management , 13-15.
b. Objective and research question:
The primary objective of the research is to assess the current HRM practices of the healthcare
industry. The secondary objective is to analyse the future performance practices to be used in
the healthcare industry to improve the service qualities.

HR is becoming one of the essential elements of healthcare administration. It is linked with
strategic reward management and helps in retaining the talent. The research have not
mentioned the research question explicitly, however based on the article study, we can say
that the study has been conducted based on what are the dimensions of human resources?
Which are the activities to be conducted as a part of HR management? (Sundari & Rao, 2017)
c. Method:
The study is exploratory research study because the Human resource was a part of specific
industry till now. As competition grows and customer expects better services from healthcare
industry also, the research has to explore many researches and studies to form a base of the
research. Hence, the research design is exploratory study. The secondary data collection has
been included with studying and analysing several past researches and magazines.
d. Findings and discussion:
HR is generally considered as the key drive for retaining the clients within the industry by
providing quality services. It has been studied that there are several institutes where the
aspect of service quality has already been introduced and several operational tools are being
used for its measurement. Such as business intelligence, six sigma, Total quality management
and dashboard to assess an individual data, it even stores the information for a longer period
of time. The entire researches study is divided in to three parts, the strategic factors,
operational factors and influencing factors affecting service quality of an organisation. Each
factor is compared with past and present weightage that it carries in the process. The
conceptual framework has been discussed for better learning perspective. Moreover, it was
observed that amicable work ambience and recognition – appreciation gives a great level of
satisfaction in the team. On the same lines, intention to stay has been analysed on predefined
factors. Here, it was observed that hygienic facilities and cooperative work environment
makes employee to stay with the current hospital. Moreover, the opportunity to avail
recognition and expertise in the respective field are key factors that makes person to feel
proud and leads to job retention.
e. Conclusion:
It was found out that key performance indicators and goal establishment helps the assessor to
analyse the performance delivers quality services. It is essential to train the staff to deliver
quality services. It is recommended to assess current performance against the expected
performance to study the gap and work on the same to improve. It is essential to link the

service quality system to their HR context and strategic management; it helps us to measure
the efficiency and efficacy of an individual in the healthcare industry.
f. How this article will contribute to my Essay 3
The essay three is based on the challenges and argument of opinion of each author i.e. article.
The study will lead to have arguments on whether the factors which are considered as a part
of research are as effective as it is thought of.
Theme: industrial relation framework
Article 3
The Employment and industrial relations in the health care
sector
Full reference of the article:
Weber, T., & Nevala, A.-M. (2011). Employment and industrial relations in the health care
sector. European foundation for the imporvement of living and working conditions , 1-49.
a. Objective and research question:
This study primarily focuses on analysing the working condition, occupational health and
safety measures, workers mobility and union presence in the health care organization in
public and private sector. The research also recognizes a few other key areas related to health
and safety in medical sector. This research was done in order to assess the number of
qualified staff working in hospitals along with studying what all measures are taken by
company mangers to maintain those works and their faith. Industrial relation mainly focuses
on how hospital takes care of their workers in case of any emergency or accident (Weber &
Nevala, 2011).
b. Method: (50-75 words)
The report is based on secondary data but data is collected through researchers from different
countries. Countries such as from Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Germany, and India have contributed in this research report. The
secondary data is collected through studying the generic health and safety measures taken by
other hospitals in the sectors. The collected data is analysed and summarised.

c. Findings and discussion
It has been studied that people all over the world spending a lot on medication. Hence the
important and functioning of health care facilities and workplace condition has improved for
staff. The research even advised to conduct few seminars on training people to take health
and safety measures in particular working condition. There are several hazardous activities
detected in the hospitals. The activities which needed to be performed with taking specific
health and safety measures. The hazardous activities involved injecting or operating a person,
cleaning, dressing and medicating a patient. Different persons are to be hired to do several
activities based on their education. The information about their safety measures are to be
collected with studying the hospitals’ leaflets and reports. Moreover it was studied that there
are five types of injury that can happen in healthcare industry. It includes, injury by needle
pricks, splash of blood during operation, burning because of certain chemical used, and bone
injury because of sleepy floors. Highest injuries happened due to needle pricks and the
hazardous chemicals such as dettol, spirit, savlon, Sulphuric acid, Jick, ethanol. Certain
measures are taken to take care of such injuries. The study majorly focuses on how to train
staff to avoid such injuries while performing the tasks. There is an absence of specific
training given to the employees. The research again advised to have healthy working
condition for workers by executing stress management at workplace. It is important to
minimize the violence related activities at workplace, along with providing healthy ambience.
d. Conclusion
Based on the research, it was observed that current health care facilities are as such enough to
provide appropriate safety measures and working condition in the hospitals. It is essential for
manager to train the staff in order to avoid miscommunication and mis interpretation. The
research even advised to conduct few seminars on training people creates positive
environment and healthy working condition in hospital.
e. How this article will contribute to my Essay 3.
With the help of this article, we will be able to assess the key challenges prevails in the
healthcare industry related with the working condition and industrial relations. Moreover, the
recommendations have been given to improve the scenario.

Theme: HR planning
Article 4
Characteristics of Human Resource Planning In Healthcare
a. Full reference of the article:
Mihaylova, T., Dimitro, T., Gradinarova, N., & Todorova4, D. (2018). CHARACTERISTICS
OF HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING IN HEALTHCARE. journal of IMAB , 24 (1), 1953-
1956.
b. Objective and research question:
As we can see from the above literature reviews, some of the gaps were identified. Based on
the analyses of gaps, the following objectives have been taken into consideration for the
overall study: To identify and study the various aspects of HR Planning in the chosen private
hospitals, To understand the selection and recruitment processes in privatized hospitals to
avoid shortage of resources, To find out the feasible areas of improvement and development
in order to make the overall human resource planning robust and effective
c. Method:
The research precisely studies the important dimensions of human resource planning process
within the Healthcare sector. The information or raw data was collected with the help of
journals and past researches. The study is exploratory research study because the Human
resource was a part of specific industry till now. The secondary data collection has been
included with studying and analysing several past researches and magazines (Mihaylova,
Dimitro, Gradinarova, & Todorova4, 2018).
d. Findings and discussion
Basically Human resources planning include the list of activities starts from identifying the
number of personnel needed till exiting procedure to be conducted at the end. Based on the
research, it was found out that the recruitment and selection processes are unique with health
care industry. The human resource planning process in the health care industry is very
complex and dilemma prone too. The operations in healthcare are related to the treatment of
living human beings and hence the staff should be best in their work to avoid any mishaps.
Here they may call a candidate for internship also. The selection of the employee process

starts with giving advertisement online or offline, followed by receiving CV from respective
candidate. The CV are sent to HOD of the respective department for screening, on receiving
the confirmation, an individual will be called for an interview. Here, for better and qualified
staff, the hospitals can approach to universities, and consulting companies. The website of the
company should be updated on regular basis to invite more employees. Moreover, the
research even considered the view point of the candidate: Whether job was clearly explained
to them, whether they are trained for a particular task, whether they are getting measurable
support from management. Overall the result was positive. The HR standards of the hospitals
need to be kept high so that it attracts not only customers but also talent. Hospitals have a
different way of attracting and managing talent, which is different from other industries.
e. Conclusion
Human resource planning process is one of the aspects for any organization to grow. This
process basically decides on inducting the best talent for the company. Hence these processes
should be very effective and efficient. Planning of man power and recruitment involves lot of
thinking. Initial screening is very important for any staff member, when recruited, based on
the job description.
f. How this article will contribute to my Essay
Based on the article we will be able to assess the key challenges faced by the health care
industry while selecting and recruiting the staff for a particular region.
Theme: work design challenges in a global environment
Article 5
What do we know about the needs and challenges of health
systems? A scoping review of the international literature
a. Full reference of the article:
Roncarolo, F., Boivin, A., Denis, J.-L., Hébert, R., & Lehoux, P. (2017). What do we know
about the needs and challenges of health systems? A scoping review of the international
literature. National Library of Medicine , 17 (1).
b. Objective and research question:
The primary objective of the study was to identify the factors affecting industry along with
challenges. It even studies how IT helps medical to retain their staff and deliver quality

services. Which aspects majorly affect the work design in the industry? Does the presence of
HIT applications positively impact the way activities are managed in the medical sector?
Should we recommend the healthcare information technology application to health care
institutes?
c. Method:
Our analyses relied on descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis. The sample is
made up of doctors, nurses, & other admin executives. The study used structured
questionnaire to collect the information. 92 articles were included in our scoping review.
33.6% of these articles were empirical studies and 60.1% were specific to countries falling
within the very high HDI category, in particular the United States (Roncarolo, Boivin, Denis,
Hébert, & Lehoux, 2017)
d. Findings and discussion
Basically, According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a health system (HS)
“consists of all organizations, people and actions whose primary intent is to promote, restore
or maintain health” The facilities provided by the hospital affects the level of satisfaction
amongst the staff. Moreover, sense of achievement and accomplishment at the works place
helps in ITS. The tasks must be interesting and motivating for the employees. The use of
technology while conducting the seminars or meetings helps an employee to excel in the
particular field. The responsibilities which are assigned must be less stressful and team
leaders are expected to be easy to reach. If rewards and promotions are given in a timely
manner than the ratio of employee retention will be high. Quality of health care is one of the
most essential elements in the global context. The demand for health is rising with the cost. It
is important to provide skilled doctors to the patients in the hospital. With rising demand,
hospital needs to have enough number of resources to serve the patients. A resource includes
both skilled staff and assets. The industry is customer driven where we need to reach the
expectation level of the patient.

The figure summarizes the key challenges faced by the health care industry. there are several
challenges such as human resources challenges, trends in finance, challenges related to
knowledge and information, infrastructure and supplies, leadership and governance related
challenges.
e. Conclusion
The results are in line with the past researches. There are several challenges prevail in health
care industry in each department. Moreover, introduction of new technology positively affect
the overall satisfaction and retention level. Trainings and seminars must be conducted
regularly to provide convert healthcare in to customer driven industry.
f. How this article will contribute to my Essay 3.
The article will basically help us in assessing the key challenges of healthcare along with
strategy for delivering quality services to end team. It is important to deliver quality health
care and facilities. Moreover the article even accesses the adaptability of new technology in
the administration,