Understanding Human Anatomy and Physiology: Functions, Features, and Organ Systems

Human Anatomy and
Physiology
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Table of Contents
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Describe function and features...............................................................................................3
2.1 Outline structure and function of organ system.....................................................................4
2.2 Describe relationship between structure and function of organ system..............................12
2.3 Relationship of respiratory system with other systems........................................................12
3.1 Process of homeostasis in human body including some factors..........................................13
3.2 Role of homeostatic for healthy functioning of human body..............................................14
3.3 Relationship between nervous system and endocrine system in gaining homeostatic control
....................................................................................................................................................16
4.1 Two types of genetic inheritance...........................................................................................1
4.2 Function of genetic screening................................................................................................2
4.3 Role of genetic counselling for healthcare practice...............................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................4
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MAIN BODY
1.1 Describe function and features
In human body there are various types of organs and organ system. they all perform
various functions. A human body is made of cells and tissues.
Cells – they are fundamental unit of life and is responsible for all life processes.
Features of cells:
It provides structure and support to body of organism
it holds nucleus for reproduction and cell growth
Each cell has one nucleus and membrane
Function of cells-
It provides support and structure. The collenchyma and sclerenchyma provide structure support
It facilitates growth through mitosis. Here, multiplication of cells occurs that give rise to new
organisms (Brown, Bowmar, and Power 2017)
Cells carry nutrients into chemical process.
Cells produce energy in b carrying out chemical reactions. For that they require energy
It creates metabolic reactions.
Tissue – a tissue is group of cells that perform specific functions
Features
Epithelium cover body and line body cavities
It provides movement to muscle.
The connective tissue protects body organs
Nervous tissue provides rapid internal communication
functions
It supports physiological function which perform special function.
They have different shapes and characteristics with functional properties.
Group of tissue makes up organ in body like brain and heart.
Organs-
Features
It works with other biological system to perform various functions.
Each organ performs distinct functions and is made up of tissue
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Functions
the respiratory organ helps in breathing
the digestive organ helps in processing food
the urinary organ eliminate waste
Organ system
Features
Its function depends on activity of organs (Entezari, and Javdan, 2016).
They work together to carry out certain function
Functions
Skeletal organ support and move body. it protects internal organs
muscular organ locomote heat production
nervous organ system coordinate activities of another organ system
Endocrine regulate body functions via hormones.
2.1 Outline structure and function of organ system
Endocrine-
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Structure – in this interstitial fluid and blood vessels transport hormones into the body. the
structure includes pituitary, thyroid, pineal glands, etc.
Functions - It contains cells, tissues, etc. that perform primary function. The main function is to
secrete hormones into fluid. the fluid then transports hormones into body. Also, pancreas
function in digestion and create insulin that regulate blood glucose level.
Nervous
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Structure – It is divided into two parts that is central and peripheral nervous system. The CNS is
integration and command center of body. Whereas PNS conduit between CNS and body.
Functions- there are 3 functions of it, first is sensation that is receiving info from environment to
find out what is occurring. Another function is response which means to produce response of
stimuli. the third is that stimuli received by sensory structure is communicated to process info. it
is known as integration (Shier, Butler and Lewis, 2018)
Digestive
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