Human machine interface PDF

HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACE
Executive Summary:
Technology has being increasing day by day. Machines play a vital role in reducing the effort of
humans. It is necessary to have a connection to all those machines. A component that could be
able to have a human and machine interaction in a system is known as Human-Machine
Interface. This could consists of both the hardware and the software, which permits the input
from the user to be translated into signals that could be understandable by the machines and in
turn the required result will be given back to the user in a high-level language. In our paper we
have discussed regarding the traditional and the web based HMI system. The display system
and the screen background with the text colours and graphics has also been clearly explained.

SNO TITLE PGNO
1 Introduction 3
2 Traditional Human Machine Interface 3
3 Web-based Human Machine Interface 4
4 Display System 5
5 Alarms and Event8
6 Factors that Contributes to choose HMI 9
7 Conclusion 9
References 10

Introduction:
The procedure for the construction of operator interface involves a bridge of communication
between the processor and the Human Machine Interface (HMI) (Anderson, and Davies, 2010).
A component that could be able to have a human and machine interaction in a system is known
as Human-Machine Interface. This could consists of both the hardware and the software, which
permits the input from the user to be translated into signals that could be understandable by
the machines and in turn the required result will be given back to the user in a high-level
language. They have been widely used in electronics, military, medical, entertaining industries
and so on. This helps in the integration of humans with the complex technologies. HMI is also
known as Man-machine Interface (MMI) or human-computer interface or the vice versa. HMI is
of two types: 1) human to machine 2) machine to human. This technology is ubiquitous that
could have several sensors, several input and output devices, voice recognition peripherals and
other interfaces that could exchange the information in the form of sound, sight, heat and
several physical as well as cognitive ways, which are said to be the part of MMI.
HMI could also act as the adapter for several devices that is said to be a standalone
technological area. The key behind the construction involves the human capability with his
behavior and mental thinking. We would rather say that ergonomics forms the principal behind
the MMIs (Cheng, and Zelinsky, 2006). The user experience and their efficiency could be
enhanced with the unique opportunity for learning, creation and knowledge. This could helps
user to gain high acquisition skills over HMI. A high realistic Man-machine interface could be
able to interact with the external equipments and could provide realistic data from those
interactions (Sawaragi, 2009).
The major advantages of using HMI are as follows:
Reduces the error made by the human that could be detected easily
Maximizes the user and the systems efficiency
Increases the comfort of the users and enhances the user acceptance
Task saturation could be reduced abundantly
Highly reliable and could be maintained easily
Maximizes the productivity and growth in the economy that could yield high profit
Traditional Human Machine Interface:
When the user is necessary to be present in the operating place then it could be termed as local
or traditional HMI (Feddema, Keller, and Howe, 2007). The action performed by the user could
be of various forms such as pushing the buttons on or off, interaction with the touch screen,

switching over the process variable etc. This process obviously brings certain problem although
it has certain positive factors. These cons are as follows:
First and foremost, a person has to physically stay over the place. If he had to switch
places and got delayed in operating certain functions then there occurs huge problem.
In other sense, if the machine is in the remote location or in some other place and in
case of any emergency situation if the person is not present then there occurs huge
problem.
Secondly, it is hectic to manage the technical side of things (Friedrich et al, 2009). With
the traditional HMIs the updates has to be carried out by certain individuals and it could
take huge amount of time. If these software updates are really and taking a large
amount of time then these issues could be a pain that could need an individual to
update all and restart a system.
Web-based Human Machine Interface:
Web-based HMIs are the recent trend that has been going on in all the process industries. This
HMI could have an access through the web, which means that any device could be connected
once they gain their access through the internet. These HMIs forms a great solution to the
traditional HMI and we do not need any human intervention (Graves and Czarnecki, 2007).
User could be able to monitor and control the devices from the remote location. It is not
necessary for the user to be physically present. With the rising use of mobile application this
could be made easier with the go on process and get the notifications by hand.
Since these HMIs rely on the internet access the updates could be done automatically and
ensure the system to be using the latest notifications. This is the most expedient way of
approach. Once the user logs in the application it could send the most recent updates for the
users, relevant of accessing the usual webpage.
One of the major problems that occur in these HMIs is the security issues. Privacy is the
greatest threat for the internet based application. A proper connection should be maintained
among the components of the HMI connection in order to enhance the reliability. A hacker
could attempt to gain access over the component and change the configuration that could
interrupt all other system connected to it (Bajcsy et al, 2007). This is extensively done in DoS
since hacking the server could interrupt all other nodes connected to it. During the protocol
development it is necessary for the protocol designers to pay attention to this threat.