This paper discusses the institutional and cultural factors that shape international human resource management (IHRM) and the need for global integration of HR strategies, policies, and practices. It explores how institutional factors such as laws, regulations, and economic systems impact IHRM, as well as the cultural and social factors that affect HR policies and practices. The paper emphasizes the importance of understanding and adapting to the host country's institutional and cultural context in order to effectively manage HR in international settings.