(PDF) Understanding Human Rights
Added on 2021-04-24
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Running head: HUMAN RIGHTSHUMAN RIGHTSName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor note:
HUMAN RIGHTS1Every individual is born with some rights that is intricately associated with thesubsistence of that individual human being in a fulfilling manner in an environment where thatindividual may realise his or her fullest potential. Human rights must be as old as the existence ofhumanity, but the recognition of human rights have been a modern phenomenon especially afterthe devastations experienced by humanity post the two world wars and formation of the UnitedNations. The world wars had made the people gone through enough hardships and unimaginablesufferings. People were dying like never before, the nations which were capturing other nationsused severe oppression’s as a tool to dominate its people, there was scarcity of food, people weredying of diseases without treatment, there was no education, and everything in life of the peoplein the countries at war was uncertain. After the world wars were over people had realised thefutility of going to war and the nations formed the United Nations Organisation to settle disputesin a peaceful manner. The “United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights” (UDHR)was adopted by the United Nations in December 10th 1948 which officially started the initiativeof establishing Human Rights as a compulsory practice to be followed by all the authoritiesthroughout the globe (Donnelly 2013). It states “Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity andof the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation offreedom, justice and peace in the world, Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights haveresulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of aworld in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fearand want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people” (Un.org, 2018).Although such declarations have been put into place and all the civilised nationsworldwide are working to eliminate any discrepancies and discriminations in terms of rights ofthe people, the two greatest challenge towards human rights today are poverty and terrorism.
HUMAN RIGHTS2These two challenges are proving to be the hardest ones to be dealt with and eradicated. Extremepoverty takes away the right to food, right to education, right to medical care and other basicrights which are necessary to survive in a fulfilling manner. The recent report of the World FoodProgram, the United Nations' nourishment organization, that 18,000 kids die of hunger and ailinghealth consistently underscores the earnest requirement for all administrations to react todestitution in every one of its signs (Kumar, 2007). Neediness is likely the most genuine humanrights and improvement challenge both progressed and developing nations confront. Theacknowledgment of destitution as a human rights issue is a current advancement. It concurs withthe more noteworthy acknowledgment of monetary, social, and social rights as enforceablehuman rights as opposed to insignificant arrangement goals. In September 2000, at the “UnitedNations Millennium Summit”, world pioneers consented to an arrangement of time-boundquantifiable objectives and focuses for battling neediness, hunger, infection, lack of education,ecological debasement, and victimization of women (Assembly, 2013). Among these targets,which are currently called the UN Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the first is todestroy “extreme poverty” and hunger. In particular, the objective is to diminish significantly theextent of individuals living on not as much as a dollar daily and the extent of individuals whoexperience the ill effects of appetite.Global Justice is a topic of contentious debate all over the world. What is Just in one partof the world actually may not reflect justice in other parts where the concept may be different.However, the basic justice towards human life remains the same in all such cases. By correlationwith the baffling and undeveloped condition of this subject, domestic political hypothesis isextremely well comprehendible, with different profoundly created hypotheses offering solutionsfor very much characterized issues. By contrasts, ideas and hypotheses, worldwide justice are in
HUMAN RIGHTS3the beginning times of development, and it isn't clear what the fundamental inquiries are, not tomention the fundamental conceivable answers.A cosmopolitan approach to global justice treats global injustice as a problem to whole ofhumanity and recognizes the need of unitedly dealing with the problem so that such injustice canbe rooted out from its base universally without distinctions. This approach believes that theproblem requires a lawful international approach and response which will be supplemented bylong lasting strategy that will address the causes of poverty and injustice from their roots. Thisapproach reflects important aspects of liberalism, Marxism, and other similar theories. The statistapproach of global justice on the other hand global injustice as actions of prejudice that mightnecessitate a dynamic response not only against the individual injustice caused but also againstcauses that are influencing and catering to such injustice. According to this approach the states inwhich injustices such as poverty, inequality and hunger prevails, those states are individuallyresponsible for eradication of such problems. This approach obviously has much in commonwith a realist worldview.“The American Declaration of the Rights of Man (Organization of American States,1948), the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (United Nations, 1948) and the subsequentInternational Covenant on Economic and Social Rights (United Nations, 1966)” all thesedeclarations had expressed rights as- “living in proper conditions, well-being facilities,healthcare, education, support during disability and old age, employment and protection againstunemployment, and limited working hours” (Nickel, 2005).In ‘Poverty and Rights’ James Nickel has also stated “The idea of subsistence aloneoffers too minimal a conception of economic and social rights. It neglects education, gives anextremely minimal account of health services, and generally gives too little attention to people’s
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