Hydraulic Press Systems: Design and Failure Prevention

This project explores the fundamentals of hydraulic press systems, focusing on their design and failure prevention. It delves into the working principles of conventional hydraulic presses, drawing on literature review and case studies. The project aims to identify common failure points and propose design solutions to enhance system reliability and efficiency. The research covers topics such as Pascal's Law, hydraulic system components, and practical applications of hydraulic presses in various industries.

ENEM14016
FLUID MACHINERY
PROJECT 1
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Contents
Introduction to fluid power systems relating to hydraulic press systems...............................................2
A literature review of Conventional hydraulic press systems................................................................4
Working principles of existing hydraulic press systems........................................................................7
Develop a case based on your research and develop a set of assumptions for your proposed design. 10
References.............................................................................................................................................11
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1. Introduction to fluid power systems relating to hydraulic press
systems
Refers to the hydraulic press system, then this is the type of the devices that use the hydraulic
cylinder to generates the compressive force. This is usage hydraulic equivalent of the motorized
lever, that is acknowledged as Bramah press. This was invented by the Joseph Bramah that was from
England. In the year 1795, he patented the hydraulic press that is also called as Bramah press. Refers
to the Bramah then he said that if the small force is applied on the minor area that would create a
proportionally large force on a large area, the only perimeter to the power that a machine can use is
the part to which the weight is applied (Group, 2014).
Figure 1: D-Block Diagram
Hydraulic structures can be created nowadays in a wide diversity of requests, from minor meeting
procedures to combined steel and broadside mill application. Hydraulics allow the worker to
accomplish important work (exciting heavy masses, rotating a shaft, boring exactness holes, etc.)
with the lowest investment in mechanical connection through the Use of Pascal’s law, which states:
Pressure applied to a limited fluid at any part is conveyed undiminished through the liquid in all ways
and applied upon each part of the restraining vessel at right angles to its inner shells and similarly
upon equal parts.
By smearing Brahma’s System and Pascal’s law of it, it is obvious that an effort power of 100 pounds
on 10 four-sided inches will grow a pressure of 10 pounds per square inch through the narrowed
vessel. This weight will provision a 1000-pound mass if the part of the mass is 100 square inches.
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Pascal’s law is understood in a hydraulic system with hydraulic fluid be used to spread the power
from a single part to the alternative. As hydraulic fluid is closely incompressible, it manages to
spread power promptly.
The force into presses is providing with hydraulic liquid, that develops the weight that is produced. A
press usage normal parts for entire kinds of hydraulic equipment, with pistons, cylinders hydraulic
pipes or motionless die.
The pistons generate a plummeting or pushing gesture via fluid underweight that uses power. Here
dual main cylinders, the minor knowns the slave and superior are master (Pressmaster, 2013).
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2. Literature review on Conventional hydraulic press systems
Hydraulic power, that is known as Fluid Power, control conveyed the measured flow of rushed
liquid, typically a liquid–glycol mixture or liquid -soluble oil, to a motorized that changes into a
motorized production accomplished of liability work over cargo. Hydraulic power structures have
better litheness than motorized and electrical structures and will develop additional control over such
structures of equivalent extent. They also deliver fast and precise replies to panels. As an
outcome, hydraulic control structures lengthily work in a modern aeroplane, weighty manufacturing
machinery, automobiles, and numerous varieties of machine tools.
Machines into hydraulic power structures were usually divided into dual elementary kinds: rotational
machines and linear machines. A linear machine, known as a hydraulic cylinder, contains a piston
and a cylindrical external covering. The piston establishes motorized boundary across by dynamic
energy by the liquid is moved to the machine's system. A piston rod helps to pair the motorized
power made inner part of the cylinder to the outside load. linear machines are valuable for a system
that needs a high power, traditional line gesture and so are applied as brake cylinders in vehicles,
control over the aeroplane, and in a system that vaccinates molten iron in the die-casting machinery.
A rotating motor occasionally called a rotary hydraulic, crops a rotary gesture. In these motors, the
hassled liquid complete with the hydraulic pump works on the shells of the motor’s gear, or pistons
and makes a power that develops a torque into outcome shaft. Rotating machines basically often
work in excavating apparatus (e.g., earth augers), production presses, and rod drives.
Types of Hydraulic presses:
Hydraulic presses were divided as force presses, a part that also comprises motorized, eccentric and
inflated presses.
Motorized presses produce power mechanically, by the help of machines that are linked with the
crankshaft, that sequences ram for every process by the help of belts and flywheels. The flywheel
figures up weight and then given out, moving energy to the key side of the procedure. The strokes for
the motorized press were known solitary, binary or tripartite action, depending on the number of
slides or ram. This will have attuned inside limitations.
Eccentric presses are honestly novel and have an extra effective drive machinery. This has a
connection of energy motor ram, that confirms the worker is working to direct signals to the motor to
function at a precise haste.
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Pneumatic presses work crushed air to develops active measure. Works as same operations as
hydraulic presses. The major benefit of this kind of press is its aptitude to spread to 400 strokes in 60
seconds. This has measured stream rate, developing it valuable at ram rate or drift rate is critical. This
has less moving parts compared to motorized and hydraulic presses.
Working:
The force into presses is providing with hydraulic liquid, that develops the weight that is produced. A
press usage normal parts for entire kinds of hydraulic equipment, with pistons, cylinders hydraulic
pipes or motionless die.
The pistons generate a plummeting or pushing gesture via fluid underweight that uses power. Here
dual main cylinders, the minor knowns the slave and superior are master.
Water or Oil is decanted in the minor cylinder. As weight develops is uses power over the piston into
the superior cylinder. This bigger piston which forces in the master cylinder. The act creates the blow
attach with the die, that leads to bending the iron into the desired outline (Mitchell, 2018).
Applications
Hydraulic presses originate into a varied range of kinds, suitable for precise determinations. Here is a
summary of numerous applications:
Platen presses
The C-frame press sample a platen press. Entirely usage a ram as fine as a hard and have a shallow
that is intended by constancy in mind. This can for, drawing, punching, bending, forming, timing,
straightening
Vacuum and laminating presses
Credit cards developed with the help of presses, that summarize numerous coatings of plastic. The
film is also applied by these presses.
Stamping Presses
These presses are usually used in the automobile and iron working field. They can censor and outline
substantially with a procedure called buckle with the die.
Transfer Presses
Use for the aerospace or in medical manufacturing, these presses fungus and brand rubber.
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Forging presses
These presses are castoff severely on iron
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3. Working principles of existing hydraulic press systems
The thought of the hydraulic press grounded on Pascal's model, which say that once weight is useful
on liquids in a bounded system, the weight of the device continuously leftovers endless. In modest
language, a hydraulic press is an instrument that develops the use of the weight applied to the liquids
to crush something.
Meanwhile, the hydraulic system works on the base of Pascal's Law, its waged is alike to the
hydraulic structure. A hydraulic press contains rudimentary mechanisms available in a hydraulic
device that contains the cylinders, hydraulic pipes etc. Waged of this system is very easy. The device
encompasses of dual cylinders, the liquid (generally oil) is decanted into cylinder taking a minor
width. This cylinder is called slave cylinder.
The piston on cylinder strapped by this it bandages the liquid into streams over a pipe into the
superior cylinder. The superior cylinder is called master cylinder. The pressure applied to the
superior cylinder and the piston over master cylinder thrusts the liquid goes to the original cylinder.
The energy functional on the liquids by minor cylinder consequences in greater strength when
strapped in the master cylinder. The hydraulic system is typically working for manufacturing
determinations somewhere a huge force is compulsory for squeezing irons into tinny sheets. A
manufacturing hydraulic press works over the substance to be functioned upon with the use of works
over the plates to infatuation or hit the substance into a tiny piece
Use of the hydraulic press:
A hydraulic press is working for nearly all manufacturing tenacities. But mostly, it works for altering
metal substances into pieces of irons. In further productions, it works for the making powders,
retreating of glass, in the circumstance of the cosmetic manufacturing and for starting the drugs for
medical works. Other mutual works of the hydraulic system listed below:
For squeeze, car: A hydraulic system is the core of the slight car squeeze device. In this procedure, a
hydraulic mechanical smear a huge weight on the liquids over cylinders. The liquid force develops
the plates upsurge and with a huge pressure, the plate is ambitious on the car thus squeeze it.
Fat-free cocoa powder: Although working the cocoa beans, a fluid called as chocolate alcohol is
resultant. For production fat-free cocoa powder, this fluid is crushed into a hydraulic press. Next, to
this phase, this fluid is treated more to creates a powder. The ash hence resultant is cocoa ash, that
fat-free.
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For sword making: In the procedure of developing swords, the hydraulic system is working to
provides a level outline of rare steel(Frazier, 2006).
Figure 2: Hydraulic press
Part 1: This shows that the higher pressure of the liquid, that was present below the piston. Then the
liquid that was above it helps to the piston to rise.
Part 2: The higher pressure of the liquid present over the piston then the liquid below it makes the
piston downward.
Part 3: Refers to the liquid pressure then it delivered by the gadget closed the mould and develops
the system.
The elementary working of the hydraulic press is easy and trust on changes in liquid pressure. The
liquid is driven over cylinder by the piston, this reasons the liquid pressure below the piston to rise.
Concurrently, the liquid is driven out of the upper channel, producing the liquid pressure overhead
the piston to reduction. An advanced weight of the liquid among the piston than the liquid above it
reasons the piston to increase. In the following stage, the liquid is driven out from under the piston,
producing the heaviness below the piston to reduction. Concurrently, the liquid is driven into the
cylinder since the highest, this raises the liquid weight above the piston. An advanced weight of the
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liquid overhead the piston, then the liquid underneath it, moves the piston sliding (Manufacturing,
2017).
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4. Develop a case based on your research and develop a set of
assumptions for your proposed design
Refers to the hydraulic system then this is the system that is designed for the heavy compression for
the different type of the objects, other than this it can be used for the various functions, the functions
are punching of the metal and the cutting of the metals into the specific industry, as per the assembly
processes and for the application. There are various of the failure occur in the system below list down
some of the assumptions to overcome the failure and develops the system.
The hydraulic system uses an incompressible fluid, that is oil or water, this is used to transmit the
forces from one of the locations to the another into the fluid.
For prevent the failure of the hydraulic system then there is need to follow some of the steps for the
process are:
Keep the system cool:
While runs the system, then the temperature of the system kept between the 120 to 140-degrees F,
and the system will not cross the higher than 150-degrees F.
Does not allow the leakage:
Refers to the hydraulic press that has the good condition only if there is no leakage into the system.
the leakage comes around the ram of the press and the O-ring seals, there is need to check the valve
seats and the hose end fitting, to the hydraulic lines.
Develops the pressure at the minimum time:
As refers to the working of the hydraulic system, then if the system is in the good condition, then it
took only one-half to one second to develops the maximum required pressure. Refers to the pressure
develop problem then this comes into the pump of the system.
Verifies the working of the smooth valve shifts:
Refers to the system, then the valve shifts have to be smooth from one speed to another, and the
developer will not able to hear any type of the banging noise at the time of speed changes. If there is
no sound considered normally, should be investigated promptly (Lavoie and Jean,2018).
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References
 Frazier. (2006). Modelling and Simulating Metal-Forming Equipment. Tms.org. Retrieved 8
April 2018, from http://www.tms.org/pubs/journals/jom/9704/frazier/frazier-9704.html
 Group, C. (2014). History Of Hydraulic Systems - Challenger. Challenger. Retrieved 8 April
2018, from https://www.challenger-group.co.uk/hydraulic-system/history-of-hydraulic-systems/
 Manufacturing. (2017). Hydraulic And Mechanical Presses. Thelibraryofmanufacturing.com.
Retrieved 8 April 2018, from http://thelibraryofmanufacturing.com/presses.html
 Mitchell, J. (2018). Pneumatic Press Vs. Hydraulic Press | Hunker. Hunker.com. Retrieved 8
April 2018, from https://www.hunker.com/12000153/pneumatic-press-vs-hydraulic-press
 Pressmaster. (2013). Types of Hydraulic Presses. Pressmaster-hydraulic-presses.com. Retrieved
8 April 2018, from http://www.pressmaster-hydraulic-presses.com/news/types-of-hydraulic-
presses-104.aspx
 Lavoie, T. and Jean, C. (2018). 8 Things you should know about your hydraulic press. [online]
Thefabricator.com. Available at: https://www.thefabricator.com/article/stamping/8-things-you-
should-know-about-your-hydraulic-press [Accessed 9 Apr. 2018].
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