ICT for Socio-Economic Development (Doc)
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Added on 2020-12-10
ICT for Socio-Economic Development (Doc)
Added on 2020-12-10
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ICTs and Socio-EconomicDevelopment
TABLE OF CONTENTSINTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1LITERATURE REVIEW ...............................................................................................................1Goal overview: Environmental sustainability ............................................................................2Case study background: Need of ICT framework in Africa to encourage sustainability...........4Role and analysis of ICT practices in goal achievement ...........................................................5Green ICT framework for improving sustainability in South Africa .........................................7Challenges in implementing ICT and factors affecting sustainability goals ..............................8Recommendations for ICT4D policy ..............................................................................................8CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................10REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................12
INTRODUCTION Information and communication technology (ICT) is known as the computinginfrastructure which is capable to manage telecommunication system, monitor and control thefunctions and making effective transmission systems. With the help of digital technology basedtools and systems the business organisations are reaching new levels of growth all over the worldwithout limiting to any particular area. However, the rapidly growing cities and businessprocesses have raised an alarming threat on environmental sustainability (Nica, 2015). Thedevelopment processes which are taking place on global extent are significantly creating anadverse impact on the environment which is putting a great question mark on the survival ofhuman beings and life on earth. Thus, it is very essential for every individual to make necessary attempts which canprotect survival of earth as well as our lives. The key concept of the environment sustainability isthat the development processes must not be carried out on the cost of threat on environment(Bifulco and et.al., 2016). The report will discuss the need and methods to achieve the goal ofsustainable development. It will also analyse the various ICT approaches through which desiredgoals can be achieved by using case example of global south, specifically in south Africa region.Further the document will provide recommendations to implement ICT policies for enhancingsustainability practices. LITERATURE REVIEW In past few years human population has reached to advanced levels of developments interms of technology and standard of living. However, there are certain parts of the world whereresources are getting limited and thus they are not able to meet the needs of upcominggenerations. According to Hilty and Aebischer, 2015, the situation has been getting worse andgradually will spread to entire world. The key factor for occurrence of this crisis is that in thedevelopment processes people and nations are exploiting resources without thinking or makingattempts to conserve these resources for the future. The regions which are not facing this scarcity are experiencing another impact calledclimate change. In the recent years the temperature of the earth increased greatly. Due totemperature imbalance in some areas there are situations like flood while the nearby area ismaking efforts to save a single drop of water. Ahvenniemi and et.al., 2017, states that practices1
of people are traditional and not in compliance with the environment. As a result the pollutionand improper power management have become routine practices. The climate changes are not only affecting the productivity but are also causing migrationof people at large scale. The increasing severity and frequency of natural disasters has raised thealarming discussion on environment sustainability so that these effects can be suppressed andfuture generations can live the earth full of natural resources (Anthony and Majid, 2016). TheICT technologies based framework can be a perfect solution for making an attempt towardssustainability. Thus, it is required that ICT concepts must be applied and analysed in everyaspect of planning and implementation. Goal overview: Environmental sustainability According to Haarstad, 2017, environmental sustainability is defined as the approach tomeet the present requirements of generations in a way such that it does not create any threat onthe future needs of upcoming generations. The natural resources are very limited in comparisonto the increasing human population. Thus, it has been becoming very challenging to assure theavailability of even basic resources such as land, water, food and fresh air to people. Apart fromthis factor the globalisation and technical advancements has also created additional burden onenvironment in terms of green house gases. De Jong and et.al., 2015, states that the excessive emission of these gases is causingsevere changes in climate and is leading to urgent demand of sustainable policies so that theseadverse effects can be suppressed. Africa has been emerging as the country with the fastestgrowth in terms of its population as well as economy. However, the extreme urbanisation andpopulation load on the earth has resulted in several environmental changes. For example thetemperature of the region has elevated greatly. The unproductive land and polluted waterresources has created scarcity of drinking water and places for residence. As discussed in Asongu, Le Roux and Biekpe, 2018, African countries are also facingmigration in great extent due to the climatic issues giving rise to the environmental refugees.Hence, it is very essential for the country to preserve its environmental component so that itspoverty and severe health issues among communities can be eliminated. Most of the degradedland is situated in South Africa which makes it highly unsuitable for agriculture. It is leading tostarvation and deaths caused by it. The poverty and food supply shortage due to these significant2
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