Impact of Tourism on Local Communities

This assignment examines the multifaceted effects of tourism on local communities. It analyzes how the establishment of tourism businesses creates opportunities for economic growth and job creation, ultimately improving residents' living standards. The impact of tourism on local cultures and traditions is also discussed, highlighting both positive and negative aspects.

Travel and Tourism
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Covered in Poster.............................................................................................................1
1.2 Covered in leaflet.............................................................................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
2.1 Covered in PPT.................................................................................................................3
2.2 Covered in PPT.................................................................................................................6
2.3 Implication of political change on the travel and tourism sector...................................14
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................14
3.1 Factors affecting tourism demand..................................................................................14
3.2 Supply has changes to meet the effects of demand........................................................15
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................16
4.1 Positive and negative economic, environmental and social impact of tourism..............16
4.2 Strategies that can be used to minimise the negative impacts while maximising the
positive Impacts....................................................................................................................17
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................17
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................18
.......................................................................................................................................................19

INTRODUCTION
Travel and tourism management is one of the fastest growing industry in the world which
contribute in overall economic development. This industry generate large amount of profitability
in every year by delivering quality services to their clients. Basically it is an activity in which
they provide various type of facilities such as accommodation, transportation services and many
more which aid in satisfying visitors needs and generate more and more money (Definition of
TOURISM, 2016). Present report is based on TUI which is a multinational travel and tourism
company in the UK. They deliver quality products to their customers in order to achieve their
higher satisfaction level in effective manner. Various key historical developments are also
mentioned in this project. It includes functions of government and international agencies which
help in managing its process effectively. Along with this, implications of political changes and
factors which affect the customer’s demand are also mentioned in this assignment.
TASK 1
1.1 Covered in Poster
1

2

1.2 Covered in leaflet
3

TASK 2
2.1 Covered in PPT
4

5

2.2 Covered in PPT
6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

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2.3 Implication of political change on the travel and tourism sector
Travel and Tourism sector
Date: 31st October 2017
In the country there are various factors which define the political changes and also impact on
different sector in positive and negative way. The political implications means the condition of
the country where government is removed there power. A number of various dimensions are
there of political implication and that can be identified by terrorism, political unrest and strikes.
Obviously, if there is political change in UK than it will affect the travel and tourism of the
country. The affect on the travel and tourism is depend on what type of political change is there.
If there is radical change than the tourist is having fear of safety and may be they ignore the
country for travelling. Political strikes or protection causes the ignorance by travellers (Chang,
Kivela and Mak, 2011). Sometimes these implications create a image of stereotypes in minds of
the tourist. So it becomes a problematic concerns for the UK tourism sector and they think
overly to attract the tourist towards there country. According to the researches, The UK is the
doubled tourism country by the tourist in comparison with the other countries. Thus the
implication of the political on travel and tourism is in higher rate. There is a relation between
the political change and the tourism sector. The highest purpose of the tourism is to develop the
political, cultural and the economic benefits with the people, destinations of the UK so that
tourism sector can improve the quality of life and peace within the different countries. Tourism
is not continuous but its a integral part of the political economy. For getting positive impact, it
is more important for the company to follow all the rules and regulation so that they easily serve
effective as well as legal services. Negative impact is if there is no stability in their political
factors which lead in reducing the brand image at market place and customers mind. It also
directly impact on currencies. Negative impact define various difficulties for the company so
that, for reducing this impact it is more important for the company to follow all the rules and
regulations in ethical manner. On the other hand the positive impact of the political factors
define stability in government in which they change one time to time so that they as per new
government they set new and effective ideas for the company which helps in developing
effectively. In their they also provide better training and development programs to their
employees so that they easily handle all the clients and identify their demand in appropriate
manner. In this TUI is one of the biggest tourism company which provide quality services by
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using effective strategies and policies which lead in attracting large number of clients toward
the company.
After Brexit, tourism company is working as a partner in which they easily promote their capital
by provide quality services to the Chinese tourist because they are influence for visiting one
place to another and also other people also come UK for visiting attractive destination. It help to
the company to generate larger revenue which define positive impact on UK economy.
TASK 3
3.1 Factors affecting tourism demand
Primary factor affect the tourism demand is economy. Demography change means the
rise of educational level. Thus, technology affects communication and information in UK. There
is a big change in the customer attitudes towards tourism and the tourism industry itself making a
lot changes (Chen and Phou, 2013). The factor which is making a lot changes in tourism sector is
the capacity of tourist and the motive he/she is having of travelling. Nowadays, the tourism
destinations are having a great competition. Tourism sector in UK are investing a lot amount on
transportation system and infrastructure (Chen, Chen and Okumus, 2013). According to a
research there is a decline in the number of children in tourism as because most population are
divorcing and living separately. Not only in UK but in many countries the price factor is there,
now this is being included in the strategies by the tourism industries itself. UK is selling a quality
trips on low prices with hope to receive the major market share and highest turnover of tourist
with the lower income. Yes, it is correctly said that without tourist the tourism destinations is
nothing. So to built the higher range of tourist in UK tourism sector is managing all scope of the
satisfaction of tourist. As the demand of tourism in UK increases the hotels start charging higher
prices from consumers for the rooms and facilities. With respond to gain in the demand of
tourism, destination management may expand the capacity of place. Not availability of ATM and
the currency brings hurdle to tourist for purchase something and without the currency of UK
tourist cannot do anything in that country.
3.2 Supply has changes to meet the effects of demand
Tourists are the one who generates tourism demand. Time is the thing which changes
demand for tourism services either advances changes and small changes. Demand of the tourism
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in UK also changes according to seasons. changes are there just because of the ' New Tourist'.
Therefore the tourist wants to attain best of tourism they can because of amount tourist are
spending on tourism (Gössling, Scott and Hall, 2015). New tourist are increasing the demand for
tourism in UK, but the new tourist are also bringing many problems for the tourism department
just because tourist want best of their money and for this the tourism sector is also bringing new
changes to tourism. Seasonal demands affects mainly to tourism sector. The demand is mainly
varied in three concepts those are:-
 Actual demand
 Suppressed demand
 latent demand
Actual Demand: This type of demand is very effective in demand concept, thus such type of
demand mainly comes from the tourist who are actually involved with this process.
Suppressed Demand: This type of demand originally created by the two types of people who are
willing to travel but due to some circumstances they cannot travel for shorter period of span
(Lee, Law and Murphy, 2011). Those two kind of people are:
 The first one are those groups who wants to participate or get involved in tourism but for
some reasons they cannot. They get involved on some later date.
 The second one are those who postponed their plans to travel just because of problems in
supply environment.
 These reasons somehow difficult to measure that's why they are not taken into account
(Plaza, 2011).
Latent Demand: The last type of demand is related to spatial and temporal expression. Ex: Few
of the tourist demand for the accommodation or service over particular destinations.
TASK 4
4.1 Positive and negative economic, environmental and social impact of tourism
Travel and tourism is fastest growing industry so that it is more important for the
company to identify the positive and negative impact of economic, environmental and social on
the organization (Tung and Ritchie, 2011). In this TUI is a multinational travel company so that
it is necessary to determine the actual impact of these factors on continue basis. By this
organization easily develop their process in market place. For example, if income of the person is
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increased then they want to visit various countries for their enjoyment so that the company
evaluate their demand and supply of their product according to the customers needs. Along with
this there are some positive and negative impact of various factors which define by the company
in order to get customers satisfaction.
Social factors: In the economy country various people are lives and all are belongs from
different culture. So that it is important for the company to understand about customers needs
which will aid in achieving their satisfaction (Wearing and McGehee, 2013). Understanding the
various culture of the customers is more difficult so that it negatively affect the company
performance. With the help of identifying the social factors company easily capture large market
share and achieve customers loyalty in appropriate manner. In this TUI provide better services to
their target customers according to their needs and demand so that they easily fulfil their demand
and get better satisfaction level by them.
Economic factors: Tourism is one of the fastest growing aspect which contribute
positively on the economy growth. It define the various job opportunities to their local people
which improve their living standard it is positively affect on the economic. On the other hand
revenue of the government also negatively affect because it is depend on the travel sectors. For
reduce this proper utilization of resources is more important for the company. By analysing
economic factors company get competitive advantage by setting their operate ion activities in
appropriate manner which helps in improving economic condition in systematic manner. If any
company having effective economic condition then they easily execute their business in better
way.
Environmental factors: In this the organization use effective and natural resources in
which they easily provide better quality products (Wilks, J., Stephen, J. and Moore, F. eds.,
2013). Using high technologies will provide harm to the environment. It is an important
responsibility of the company to protect the environment. For maintain this is also important for
the tourist to avoid the use of plastic material so that they easily maintain the pollution free
environment.
4.2 Strategies that can be used to minimise the negative impacts while maximising the positive
Impacts
Government play important role in developing the overall performance of the company.
For reducing the negative impact and maximise the positive impact the government set various
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rules and regulation which formulate in the organizational activities in order to improve their
positive impact. It is more important for the company to follow all the policies effectively so that
they easily develop their positive impact. There are some effective strategies which is used by
the company in maximizing their performance level which are as follows:
Minimising areas: Various places as well as destination are available for the visitors in
UK. For increasing the profitability level, government set high price for the customers (Gössling,
Scott and Hall, 2015). In this TUI group have authority to charge high rate for the restricted
location. It affect on the company performance positively.
Technology: New and advance technologies is more important for the company to
produce effective products and also increase their quality. TUI group also used advanced
technologies in their production process which aid in improving the overall quality of the goods.
with the help of this they save their money and cost in effective way.
Provide better training programs to their employees: It is one of the best strategies
which is used by the TUI group to improve their employees performance so that they easily
deliver all the services effectively. It is important responsibility of the manager to provide
organize various training and development programs to their employees so that they enhance
their skills. It define the positive impact on the cited organization in which they attain their
objectives. There are some another strategies which is used by the company for positive impact:
 One of the important duty of any organization to provide quality products and services to
their clients as well as customers so that they easily invite large customers and also retain
them for long time period.
 Proper communication if more important for TUI groups so that they easily communicate
with their customers about any kind of problems which is faced by the customers at
particular destination so that they easily resolve them effectively.
 Decision making is also an effective process which take by manager of the company. So
that it is important for the manager that they make any kind of decision as per their
customers needs so that they easily deliver best services to their clients.
CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned report, it can be concluded that government play an important
role in improving the overall performance of the travel and tourism industry by formulate their
rules and regulations. At the time of implementing all the process it define the positive and
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negative impact which aid in evaluating the actual position of the company at marketplace.
Along with this, manager of the company undertake market research to identify their demand
and supply of the products. In the positive impact of this it define lots of opportunities to their
local people so that they easily improve their living standard. It directly impact ion economic
growth of the country.
REFERENCES
Books and journals
Berne, C., Garcia-Gonzalez, M. and Mugica, J., 2012. How ICT shifts the power balance of
tourism distribution channels. Tourism Management. 33(1). pp.205-214.
Buhalis, D. and Darcy, S. eds., 2011. Accessible tourism: Concepts and issues (Vol. 45).
Channel View Publications.
Chang, R. C., Kivela, J. and Mak, A. H., 2011. Attributes that influence the evaluation of travel
dining experience: When East meets West. Tourism Management. 32(2). pp.307-316.
Chen, C. F. and Phou, S., 2013. A closer look at destination: Image, personality, relationship and
loyalty. Tourism management. 36. pp.269-278.
Chen, H. J., Chen, P. J. and Okumus, F., 2013. The relationship between travel constraints and
destination image: A case study of Brunei. Tourism Management. 35. pp.198-208.
Gössling, S., Scott, D. and Hall, C. M., 2015. Inter-market variability in CO 2 emission-
intensities in tourism: Implications for destination marketing and carbon management.
Tourism Management. 46. pp.203-212.
Lee, H. A., Law, R. and Murphy, J., 2011. Helpful reviewers in TripAdvisor, an online travel
community. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing. 28(7). pp.675-688.
Plaza, B., 2011. Google Analytics for measuring website performance. Tourism Management.
32(3). pp.477-481.
Tung, V. W. S. and Ritchie, J. B., 2011. Exploring the essence of memorable tourism
experiences. Annals of tourism research. 38(4). pp.1367-1386.
Wearing, S. and McGehee, N. G., 2013. Volunteer tourism: A review. Tourism Management. 38.
pp.120-130.
Wilks, J., Stephen, J. and Moore, F. eds., 2013. Managing tourist health and safety in the new
millennium. Routledge.
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Online
Definition of TOURISM. 2016. [Online]. Available
through.<http://anandasanyal.blogspot.in/2009/05/definition-of-tourism.html>.
[Accessed on 31st October 2017].
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