Teenage Pregnancy: Risks and Consequences

This article explores the risks and consequences of teenage pregnancy, including health issues, social problems, and the need for proper management. It discusses the societal factors that contribute to early marriage and pregnancy. The qualitative methodology used in the article helps to analyze the social and cultural aspects of teenage pregnancy. The article concludes that teenage pregnancy can have severe complications and emphasizes the importance of addressing the underlying societal issues.

I'M PREGNANT WHAT I'M GOING TO DO?

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TEENAGE PREGNANCY..............................................................................................................1
MAIN ARGUMENT ON TEENAGE PREGNANCY ..................................................................2
COUNTER ARGUMENT ..............................................................................................................2
QUALTITATIVE METHODOLOGY............................................................................................3
ADVANTAGES.........................................................................................................................4
DISADVANTAGES...................................................................................................................4
QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGY, WHY?.................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCE..................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
Teenage pregnancy is given in the article, under age pregnancy was a social and health
problem from last many of decade. The problem is generally arising due to the early marriage.
Which start the early sexual life which create lots of threat in women body. Moreover, the
teenage pregnancy was the concept of early people, who formulate the dilemma of early
marriage to settle down the responsibilities. The women faced many unwanted severities which
generated in short time or age of pregnancy (Maness and Buhi, 2016). The article against the
teenage pregnancy. Article stated that teenage pregnancy creates lots of risk in context with
mother and parenthood life. Life is crucial and important for the both who going to take the
responsibilities. The underage pregnancy was started by the society, by the unplanned life
pattern, poverty and lack of knowledge about the sex education. Pregnancies among girls who
less than age 18 years have many consequence regards with pregnancy. As per the law, it
violates the rights of girls, with life risk phase of lighted. In the context of sexual and
reproductive health which poses high development cost for society and perpetuating the cycle of
poverty. In this society an approach will be required to make some changes which address the
teenage pregnancy. Where is not address to change in the behaviours of girls but addressing
about the adolescent pregnancy such as poverty, gender inequality, social pressures and coercion
(Mbawa and et. al., 2018). Which helps to provide the approaches like age appropriate
comprehensive sexuality education for all young people, investing money in girl’s education,
preventing child marriage, sexual violence and building a core perception to gender-equitable
societies by empowering girls and engaging men and boy’s adolescent which ensure the sexual
awareness toward the male communities.
TEENAGE PREGNANCY
There is the discussion is about the teenage pregnancy which is associated with the early
age pregnancy. In early times, there were the time when this was a general thing in their mind-
set. Society had the different perceptions for early marriage which consequently resultant in the
teenage pregnancy. In previous time, people marry their girl child to get rid of their
responsibility. In previously, parents discriminated their girl child with the boy child which in
resultant they like to marry their child on early age or say in teenage (Alzúa and Velázquez,
2017). Early age pregnancy is hilarious for them and have the different types of perception are
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running out in their mind. They exactly don't know what to do and how to do. Due to they got
tensed that how can they explain about this and what will have happened if one is not ready for
the child. They are having many questions like this and they don't know exactly what they are
going to do with them self for better. Here, main argument is that is it good to get pregnant in
teenage or they need to wait for the correct time when they are ready to have a baby. There is
different argument related with this topic but can't say surely what is totally correct. Medical
practitioners and doctors says that teenage is not the good age to get pregnant. There could be
more chances of health issues and complications there which can have a bad effect on the body
of pregnant girl.
MAIN ARGUMENT ON TEENAGE PREGNANCY
In society, there are many professional and advisers who are related with this type of
issues having their own argument and perceptions. They are generally opposing the early being
mother because this cause many social and personal issue to them. They will face many
problems like health issue, poverty, education problem, having more responsibility in early age.
But some of them says that it is not that bad if they are ready to have baby. Previously people
mind-set was to early marriage is good to develop the maturity in early age to take the
responsibility of the family (De Wet, 2016). The anthropologist says that there in the early time
women were not allowed to have any decision with their own they were totally dependent on
men judgement. They were totally diminished with the men and every decision were taken either
by chief of the family which is again men or by their father or husband.
COUNTER ARGUMENT
Different people have different types of theories against the teenage pregnancy. Some of
similar argument are here. For mother and foetus, it is the critical phases in their life. Early
pregnancy is always being risky and life hazardous phenomena. Young maternal age of the
female has also an adverse health consequence like childbirth complication can lead to death of
teenaged girl. In low or middle economy country have approximately 99% of maternal death due
to early pregnancy. It also includes the low birth weight of child which is not a good sign of
healthy child which creates risks for baby child. There are high consequences chances of social
and economic. Early pregnant may leads to violence or rejection by their own partner if they are
not married (Moraes and et. al., 2018). This is one of the biggest reason to marry the girl child in
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early age because no any parents want to go through this scenario. Hard to explain this to their
parents and peers. When girl having teenage marriage then they also experience sexual violence
due to early pregnancy by their partner. In early age they are not stable with their personal life
and they don't have settled life, they don't have any knowledge about the caring of baby child,
they are not mature enough to maintain the health of them self as well as their child (Wilson and
et. al., 2016).
They are not even economically strong that they can afford the expenses of the
themselves as well as their child. Due to this many families or people of the country experiences
the poverty, which is again a bad result for the early pregnancy. Some of the people says that it is
good to have a child which makes them mature in their early age and able to maintain their social
life easily. If any teenage pregnant girl wants to give birth to child, then need to take so much
care about them in many contexts. Some of the context are like – they need to avoid the smoking,
having drugs, alcohol. Ignoring these can cause a negative effect on the health of child. They
need to have healthy diet and not the time for dieting. Even they need to eat for two. They need
to have extra nutrients for properly growth of the baby. Doctor advised to add 300 calories in the
diet. Need to have additional fibre and plenty of water which can prevent the constipation
problems. They need to have low impact activity like walking, swimming, and yoga. They need
of have plenty of sleep and rest for the proper growth for the baby. Vaccines are recommended
during the pregnancy period. In emotion health, teenage pregnant lady has in common of fear,
guilt, sadness, confusion and anger. Which can also have referred as mood swings (Ganapathy,
2016).
In context to evidence by the study, it is estimated that approximately 21 million
teenaged girls got pregnant every year in those approximately 12 million of them give birth to
child. Which is a large in number and the UK. Government is trying to reduce them with
different awareness programs and rules or low. In 1999, for reducing the social exclusion UK
government has implemented the Labour Government launched a 10-year Teenage Pregnancy
Strategy.
QUALTITATIVE METHODOLOGY
The author followed the qualitative methodology which deal about how the perception,
ideas, and experience. In the qualitative methodology, the researcher putting the thought in their
way by knowing the fact and going through all the data and facts. The data and fact are collected
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by different perception and going through many numerous areas with a same question which
produce idea and new concept the information was collected by questionnaire with many of
people in different regions. Researcher develops new idea and new article with new case, they
collect the data with interpretation (Cristancho and et. al., 2018). When the data and facts are
relevant then its create a saturated phase of argument, the truth is about how defining the concern
which raises with any numeric data, with the help of ideas, people perception the data is
prepared.
ADVANTAGES
The advantages with qualitative methodology was that it is well defined and well-
structured. Where the proper study and confirmed set of data is observed with social and cultural
mannerism. The qualitative research is commonly based on humanities and social sciences,
subject is anthropology, sociology, education, health sciences, history, etc. Each data approaches
one or more data collection technique some are-
 Observation- it is about what was seen, heard, or encountered in the field which is noted
perfectly.
 Interviews- personally viewing and asking people with set of question.
 Survey- distribution of question in different region.
 Secondary research- collection of data in the file of image, text, audio, video etc.
DISADVANTAGES
Disadvantages of qualitative methodology are-
 Data is usually based on theory, it resists the statistical data which followed the number
of figure and some numeric representation.
 It also stated that the its depend on the mind-set of researcher, because the data is totally
based on the perception, experience and self-analysis.
 In this, to collect data researcher need to go with multiple sessions.
 Faced problem while replicating of data or results
 sometime create misleading conclusion
 the data same time goes bias by manipulating the researcher, it’s easy to influenced the
data by giving false set of evidence and fake news.
 Qualitative data is collect in a lot of time which may days’ week and month to collect the
and chances of manipulation is possible so the process is time consuming.
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 No rigidity in the research.
The investigation in base of topic is clear sometime but data is usually gone through one
perspective, the data is in not in the control of researcher the manipulation is possible many of
time due to the false data evidence and fake news. While on collecting secondary data there is
alteration in the evidence and can cause mislead of conclusion (Peticca-Harris and et. al., 2016)
QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGY, WHY?
In this methodology, work is totally based on humanities, with being social. The
qualitative means the quality which is inner part of the human life. In the context with article this
methodology is good because the article gives a broad view about the teenage pregnancies,
opposes the underage birth system, it all based on society and human nature. The qualitative
methodology is perfect to analyse the total concept of the teenage pregnancy. The teenage
pregnancy was a social term which used in ancient system, as per the analysis there is no
statistical data which is analysed. The topic is related to social life and how differ past scenario
which is now going in few of areas. The conflict is arising and when it is the part of society then
it is no measurable so qualitative methodology was used (Bernard, H.R., 2017).
CONCLUSION
As per the article, the conclusion arises that teenage pregnancy formulate many risk
factor and complications to the girls. Sometimes, the complications risen up to maximum level
which leads to various health issues and can be inviting number of diseases to both the mother
and child. The proper management of teenage pregnancy is very difficult and sometimes its
valued up-to zero. The researchers confirm with the help of many surveys, interviews and
observations that teenage pregnancy may curse for the girl. As per the qualitative methodology
the society play a brutal role in the context of early marriage which followed early pregnancy as
a part of sexual violence.
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REFERENCE
Books and journals
Maness, S.B. and Buhi, E.R., 2016. Associations between social determinants of health and
pregnancy among young people: a systematic review of research published during the
past 25 years.Public Health Reports, 131(1), pp.86-99.
Mbawa and et. al., 2018. Understanding postpartum depression in adolescent mothers in
Mashonaland Central and Bulawayo Provinces of Zimbabwe. Asian Journal of
Psychiatry, 32, pp.147-150.
Alzúa, M.L. and Velázquez, C., 2017. The effect of education on teenage fertility: causal
evidence for Argentina. IZA Journal of Development and Migration, 7(1), p.7.
De Wet, N., 2016. Pregnancy and death: An examination of pregnancyrelated deaths among
adolescents in South Africa. South African Journal of Child Health, 10(3), pp.151-155.
Moraes and et. al., 2018. A retrospective analysis of adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes in
adolescent pregnancy: the case of Luapula Province, Zambia. Maternal health,
neonatology and perinatology, 4(1), p.20.
Wilson and et. al., 2016. Using paired depth interviews to collect qualitative data. The
Qualitative Report,21(9), p.1549.
Ganapathy, M., 2016. Qualitative data analysis: Making it easy for nurse researcher.
International Journal of Nursing Education, 8(2), pp.106-110.
Cristancho and et. al., 2018. Qualitative research essentials for medical education. Singapore
medical journal, 59(12), p.622.
Peticca-Harris and et. al., 2016. A dynamic process model for finding informants and gaining
access in qualitative research. Organizational Research Methods, 19(3), pp.376-401.
Bernard, H.R., 2017. Research methods in anthropology: Qualitative and quantitative
approaches. Rowman & Littlefield.
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