Immigration: A Comprehensive Analysis of its Impact on the Economy and Society

This essay delves into the multifaceted phenomenon of immigration, exploring its historical background, statistical trends, and the various barriers it faces. It examines the key problems associated with high levels of immigration, including education and achievement disparities, unemployment, poverty, and youth crime. The essay then proposes measures to address these challenges, emphasizing the importance of legal frameworks, background checks, and government initiatives to ensure a smooth and secure immigration process. Finally, it analyzes the positive and negative effects of immigration on the economy and society, highlighting its potential to stimulate economic growth, foster innovation, and promote cultural diversity while also considering its potential impact on wages, exploitation, and crime rates.

IMMIGRATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
DISSCUSSION................................................................................................................................2
Background..................................................................................................................................2
Statistics.......................................................................................................................................2
Barriers in immigration................................................................................................................3
Main problems – high level of immigration................................................................................3
Measures for solving the problems of immigration.....................................................................5
Positive and negative effects – Immigration...............................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
The act of approaching the foreign country and settling down permanently in the foreign country
is called as immigration. The economy of the country is affected by the immigration process as it
provides benefits to both the country and the immigrating person. The essay will elaborate the
positive and negative effects of immigration on the economy and the population of the country.
The process if the immigration is the legal process which is supervised by the government of the
country. The activity of the immigration facilitates the mobility of the skilled and efficient
persons from one country to another. The GDP of the country is influenced by the mobility and
citizenship of the population.
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DISSCUSSION
Background
In UK the immigration activity is the important factor for the support to the economy of the
country. In the current era, immigration is one of the issues in developing the business and
supporting the economy of the country. However, the process faces some of the controversial
issues and problems in the legal documents. The citizen adopts the immigration method for
better employment facility and with a view to settle in the foreign country. The citizens need to
take the citizenship of the foreign country to settle and proceed with the employment activity.
People are attracted towards the immigration process due to legal and safe proceedings and
documentation under the supervision of the government agencies (Hollifield et al, 2014).
The economy of the UK consists of citizens who migrated to UK for employment purpose.
Higher percentages of the immigrated people are engaged in the field of employment and
education. The economist believes that the GDP of the economy in the developing and the
developed country is influenced by the immigration (Knowles, 2016).
Statistics
The survey of 2017 believed that the immigration of the citizens in UK was about 244,000 in
number which was on e of the biggest immigration in the history of the UK’s economy. The
citizens migrated for the basically two needs i.e. employment and resources (Holmes, 2015). The
immigration from the European countries was estimated nearly about 160,000 to 190,000 by the
end of the year 2016. UK consists of approx. 3.7 million of the population who were emigrated
from the different countries which was estimated of about 6 percent of the UK’s total population.
Around 2.4 millions of the citizens adopted the immigration process for the requirement of the
employment and job in the foreign countries to improve the living standard and knowledge part.
The economy of the UK consists of around 7 percent of the citizens in the work field by the end
of year 2017. EU nationals of working age are likely to be in work than UK nationals and non-
EU citizens. About 81% of working age EU citizens in the UK is in work, compared to around
76% of UK nationals and 63% of people from outside the EU (Hooper and Batalova, 2015).
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Barriers in immigration
The process of the immigration is affected by the economical and political activities. The citizens
immigrate to different countries due to the positive and negative effects of the political and
economical factors. The social factors such as families, cultures and natives also affect the
immigration of the people (Bradford, 2015). The citizens choose to immigrate to different
countries due to various reasons like:
 Absence of the basic resources
 Economic welfare and prosperity
 Employment and economic growth
 Standard of living and quality life
 Climate and environmental factors
The social factors also cause barriers in the immigration process and the factors directly affect
the capitalization of the profits and the population shares. There is a relationship between the
immigration and crime for the immigrated citizens as the crime activities are more where the
population of the habitants is large. The citizens travel from one country to another for the
requirement of the employment and in search of the resources. However, many countries have
restricted and prohibited the immigration of the person for entering into the country with a view
to protect the economy conditions and employment factors (Peters, 2015).
Main problems – high level of immigration
The immigration is selected by the citizens for accepting new opportunities and developing their
own carrier and personality. The immigration provides benefits to the person in identifying the
new opportunities for earning money and livelihood (Geddes, and Scholten, 2016). There are
some of the issues prevailing in different countries for the immigration of the citizens:
Education and achievement problems
The citizens give priority to the foreign countries education as compared to the system of the
education in the home country. The education in the foreign country is of more value and the
degree support the employment of the person. Another issue is the growing number of
immigrant students at institutes for higher education. The institutes consist of at least 5 students
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from the ratio of 10 as an immigrant student. For higher education the people approach big,
reputed and developed universities as compared to the developing and small universities. The
education from such places helps to demand higher salary package at the time of placement and
interviews in the organization (Baele and Sterck, 2015).
As a result, the immigrant students and the students of that particular foreign country are
considered as equal in the education qualifications. This remains unsupported in the academic
literature though. According to Michael Clemens, immigration leads to the decrease of the
skilled and talented citizens from the country.
Unemployment
The reason for the immigration of most of the citizens is employment. If the government of the
home country makes efforts for providing the job and employment to the citizens then the need
for immigrating to different foreign countries will eliminate. The recent survey has highlighted
the decrease in the percentage of the unemployment from 12.4 percent to 9.1 percent which was
considered as the positive sign for the development of the economy. In foreign countries the
percent of employment is stable as compared to the other countries which became the basic
factor for the immigration of the citizens.
Poverty
The citizen who is earning less than the basic income in the home country wishes to immigrate to
the foreign country. The citizen evaluates the employment rates and the ratio on the employment
of different countries and then they decide the country to immigrate and settle down there.
Poverty is the major problem for the citizens and the employment rates decides the immigration
of the citizens (Stevens et al, 2015). The economy of the country is the basic factor responsible
for the poverty of the citizens. The government have to initiate the efforts for reducing the
poverty and the main factor which affects the poverty is the working style of the people. The
expenses of the rich people are causing imbalance in the economy and the currency circulation
which forces the normal citizen to immigrate to different countries.
Youth crime
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The crime rates of the country decides the immigration percentage as the citizens will chose the
safe and secure place for residing. The crime rates are increasing day by day in different
countries and therefore, the economy of the countries are suffering losses and negative impacts.
Crime rates increases due to unemployment and payment of fewer wages to the employees buy
the organization (Abebe et al, 2014). However, in UK the crime rates have decreased in recent
years and the employment criteria has increased for the immigrated citizens. Therefore, the youth
crime affects the economy with decrease in percentage of the immigrated persons and
employment fields which are supported with the education systems.
Measures for solving the problems of immigration
The government of the country must adopt various methods for solving the problems of
immigration. The problem arises because the country lacks in proper laws and legislations for the
citizens. The legal policies and laws will help to encourage the citizens to relay on the
immigration practice. Some of the measures are:
 The citizens must be assured with the details like employment status, salary, details of the
employer, policies of the taxes etc. to encourage them for the immigration and moving
towards the foreign countries for better employment. The policy for the investment and
funding of the resources must be evaluated by the citizens before committing the
immigration (Demireva, 2016).
 The citizens of the country must conduct a background check of the status and policies
for avoiding the illegal proceedings. The background check must be conducted within the
stipulated time to ensure the security of the citizenship. The receipts must be obtained of
the necessary proceedings to ensure the resources and technology.
 After the process of the background check the citizen must concentrate on the legal
documentation and their approval from the authorities. To assure the security and safety
in the foreign country from the youth crime is the main purpose of the documentation.
 The INS office and the authorised persons will take the responsibility of the citizens and
their safety in the foreign country until they settle down in the foreign country. The
government of various countries adopts new regimes for attracting the skilled and
talented peoples.
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 The political and election tools are the primary concern for the immigration and the
immigrating citizens. The economy of the country and the culture will provide strength
and will lift the nation’s standards for allowing the citizenship. The reason behind the
problems is the un-enforcement of the laws and the legislations and the lack of
concentration of the government for following the laws (Kofman et al, 2015).
Positive and negative effects – Immigration
Immigration will have both positive and negative effects on the economy of both the countries
i.e. the country from where the citizens are immigrating and the place where the citizens are
immigrated.
Positive effects
Economic growth – The economic growth of the country will be sustained by the immigration
process. The skilled and talented citizens will immigrate to the foreign country in search of the
better employment and wages. The economy of the foreign country will develop with the fresh
and new talent (Hahn et al, 2015).
Innovation – The new immigrates will fetch with them the innovation techniques and technology
for the development of the economy and enhancing their own carrier. They will work with more
energy and capabilities for showing their own talent to the employers of the foreign country.
Cultural diversity - The culture and the diversity of the country helps to attract immigrates and
settling down there for better life style and employment.
Job vacancies – The citizens will immigrate to another country when they will evaluate the job
vacancy and the need of the new and fresh talent in the country (Card and Peri, 2016).
Negative effects
Lower wages – The citizens will be disappointed with the wages of the home country and
therefore they will immigrate to the foreign countries for better employment and wages.
Exploitation - The citizens will be affected by the exploitation practice of the employer in the
work culture and they will select the process of the immigration and settling down in peaceful
country.
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Training and productivity - The employees from time to time need training and productivity for
improving their personal and professional knowledge and efficiencies. Absence of the training
and productivity will force them to immigrate to different countries (Van Klingeren et al, 2014).
Employment – The employment criteria and the methods of proving the employment to the
citizens will affect the economy of the country. If the citizens are not satisfied with the
employment criteria then they will immigrate to another country.
Crime – The citizens will easily move to different countries when their social life is affected by
the crime activities in the country.
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CONCLUSION
Immigration is the main factor of development of the economy of the country. Immigration act
as the positive and negative source for both the countries i.e. for the country from where the
citizens immigrate and the foreign country where the citizens immigrate. Immigration is adopted
by the citizens for shaping their carrier and fulfilling their basic needs. Research suggests that
emigration causes an increase in the wages of those who remain in the country of origin. Some
research shows that the remittance effect is not strong enough to make the remaining natives in
countries with high emigration flows better off. It has been argued that high-skill emigration
causes labor shortages in the country of origin.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Abebe, D.S., Lien, L. and Hjelde, K.H., 2014. What we know and don’t know about mental
health problems among immigrants in Norway. Journal of Immigrant and Minority
Health, 16(1), pp.60-67.
Baele, S.J. and Sterck, O.C., 2015. Diagnosing the securitisation of immigration at the eu level:
A new method for stronger empirical claims. Political Studies, 63(5), pp.1120-1139.
Bradford, S., 2015. The global welfare and poverty effects of rich nation immigration barriers.
Working Paper, Dept. of Economics, Brigham Young University.
Card, D. and Peri, G., 2016. Immigration economics by George J. Borjas: A review
essay. Journal of Economic Literature, 54(4), pp.1333-49.
Demireva, N., 2016. Immigration, diversity and social cohesion. Briefing, University of
Oxford, 3, pp.1-5.
Geddes, A. and Scholten, P., 2016. The politics of migration and immigration in Europe. Sage.
Hahn, A., Banchefsky, S., Park, B. and Judd, C.M., 2015. Measuring intergroup ideologies:
Positive and negative aspects of emphasizing versus looking beyond group
differences. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 41(12), pp.1646-1664.\
Hollifield, J., Martin, P.L. and Orrenius, P. eds., 2014. Controlling immigration: A global
perspective. Stanford University Press.
Holmes, C., 2015. John Bull's island: immigration and British society, 1871-1971 (Vol. 10).
Routledge.
Hooper, K. and Batalova, J., 2015. Chinese immigrants in the United States. Migration Policy
Institute, 28.
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Knowles, V., 2016. Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy,
1540–2015. Dundurn.
Kofman, E., Saharso, S. and Vacchelli, E., 2015. Gendered perspectives on integration
discourses and measures. International migration, 53(4), pp.77-89.
Peters, M.E., 2015. Open trade, clOsed bOrders Immigration in the era of Globalization. World
Politics, 67(1), pp.114-154.
Stevens, G.W., Walsh, S.D., Huijts, T., Maes, M., Madsen, K.R., Cavallo, F. and Molcho, M.,
2015. An internationally comparative study of immigration and adolescent emotional and
behavioral problems: Effects of generation and gender. Journal of Adolescent
Health, 57(6), pp.587-594.
Van Klingeren, M., Boomgaarden, H.G., Vliegenthart, R. and De Vreese, C.H., 2014. Real world
is not enough: The media as an additional source of negative attitudes toward
immigration, comparing Denmark and the Netherlands. European Sociological
Review, 31(3), pp.268-283.
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