Assignment on Impact of Marine Pollution on Aquatic Environment

Running head: IMPACT OF MARINE POLLUTION ON AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
IMPACT OF MARINE POLLUTION ON AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author Note:

1IMPACT OF MARINE POLLUTION ON AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
Answer 1
Topic: Marine Pollution
Answer 2
The areas that is explored on the selected topic are:
 The causes of pollution in the aquatic environment
 The impact of marine pollution on the flora and fauna
 The preventive measures that can be taken to minimize marine
pollution
Answer 3
The topic that I have chosen for research is ‘Marine Pollution’, a major issue
that the world is facing now. The aquatic environment is highly affected due to the
causes of marine pollution such as oil spills, disposals from factories and many
similar reasons. This pollution is creating a negative impact on the ecosystem of the
flora and fauna. Hence, the title for the assignment is:
‘Impact of Marine Pollution on Aquatic Environment’.
Answer 4
Liang Sharolynne, X. T., Wong, L. S., Dhanapal Anto Cordelia, T. A., &
Sinouvassane, D. (2020). Toxicity of metals and metallic nanoparticles on
nutritional properties of microalgae. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 231(2)
doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/10.1007/s11270-020-4413-5
According to Liang Sharolynne et al. (2020), the metallic wastes that are
discharged from the industries across the world are highly responsible for polluting

2IMPACT OF MARINE POLLUTION ON AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
the aquatic environment of the water bodies and disrupting the marine ecosystem.
The microalgae are substances that the humans use for food and supplement
because they are high in their nutrition content comprising of proteins, minerals,
vitamins and other similar materials. However, the metallic and the non-metallic
particles that are highly concentrated makes the microalgae toxic enough to discard
food or for supplementary purposes. The journal highlights the toxicity mechanism of
the metals as well as the metallic nano particles that plays an effective role in
degrading the quality of the microalgae, reduces their growth rate and reduces their
nutritional properties at a significant rate.
Meng, X., Li, F., Wang, X., Liu, J., Ji, C., & Wu, H. (2020). Toxicological
effects of graphene on mussel mytilus galloprovincialis hemocytes after
individual and combined exposure with triphenyl phosphate. Marine Pollution
Bulletin, 151, 1.
doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110838
According to the research of Meng et al. (2020), the nanoparticles of
graphene are released into the aquatic environment to aim growth in the production
of flora and fauna. However, the side effect of this purpose is the interaction of these
graphene particles with the other contaminants such as Triphenyl phosphate that
mixes with the graphene particles to stimulate the growth of Mytilus
galloprovincialis hemocytes. The impact of this contamination is that the mussel
hemocytes are affected by the DNA damage with potential decrease in the stability
of their lysosomal membrane and apoptosis. The hemocytes incorporates graphene
resulting in oxidative stress. Thus, the study concludes that the graphene particles
should be released in a limited amount to prevent the stress in oxidation of the
aquatic flora and fauna.

3IMPACT OF MARINE POLLUTION ON AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
Fossi, M. C., Vlachogianni, T., Galgani, F., Innocenti, F. D., Zampetti, G.,
& Leone, G. (2020). Assessing and mitigating the harmful effects of plastic
pollution: The collective multi-stakeholder driven euro-mediterranean
response. Ocean & Coastal
Management, 184 doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/10.1016/j.ocecoama
n.2019.105005
According to Fossi et al. (2020), the research location is based on the
Mediterranean Sea where the primary marine litter are the plastics that are
degrading the quality of the marine environment and are highly contributing to the
aquatic pollution. The journal highlights how the plastics being a non-biodegradable
material contaminates the ecosystem of the marine animals and affects their
digestive system. Due to the dumping of plastics by the industrial sectors and the
domestic sewage as well, the marine animals are consuming these plastics and
eventually degrading their quality of life. The paper highlights the one of the major
reasons of why the preventive measures are not being effective, which is the gap in
the science, policy and society and how the NGO’s are effectively working on the
plastic litter of marine pollution.
Answer 5
Hoang, A. T. (2017). A report of the oil spill recovery and treatment
technologies to reduce the marine environment pollution.
According to Hoang (2017), the primary reason for the oceanic environment to
be polluted are the water accidents and the oil spills that prove to be highly toxic for
the animals of the water bodies. The toxic components in the oil spills as well as the
oil slick disasters not only affects the marine creatures, but also decreases human

4IMPACT OF MARINE POLLUTION ON AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
health at a significant rate. Since the effect of oil spills are devastating enough, the
countries throughout the world are adapting regulations based on oil spill
preventions, reducing the impact of oil spills and speeding up the recovery measures
after oil spill degradation. The paper thoroughly discusses about the impact of oil
spills on the ecosystem of the marine life and introduces four effective measures of
oil spill recovery, which are physical, chemical, thermal and biodegradation
techniques.
Cusine, D. J., & Grant, J. P. (Eds.). (2019). The Impact of Marine
Pollution. Routledge.
The book written by Cusine & Grant (2019) elaborates on the impact of the
marine pollution on the aquatic environment and considers oil spills to be a primary
factor behind it. The other factors of marine pollution specifically stated in the book
are the dumping of industrial, nuclear as well as domestic wastes in the seas and
oceans worldwide. The authors states various incidents of oil spills or water
accidents that contributes to the marine pollution. However, the impact of these
incidents are huge on not only the marine life but also on tourist industries as well as
the fishing activities. Lobster and oyster farming yields minimal results due to the
death of the animals. The tourists are banned from sites where there are oil spill
disasters.
Pettipas, S., Bernier, M., & Walker, T. R. (2016). A Canadian policy
framework to mitigate plastic marine pollution. Marine Policy, 68, 117-122.
According to Pettipas, Bernier & Walker (2016), the pollution of the large
water bodies such as seas and oceans are caused mainly due to the plastic debris
and has turned out to be a global problem for many countries. Canada is one such

5IMPACT OF MARINE POLLUTION ON AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
country that suffers from the plastic marine debris and has taken effective legal
measures to reduce it. The extensive usage of macro plastics by the humans and
disposing them without inappropriate measures increases the toxicity in the oceanic
environments and there are hardly any mitigation strategies in the country to deal the
problem. Thus, recommendations are included in the report to spread awareness
and educate people about the negative impacts of plastic debris in the oceans such
that people of the country are bound to follow the legal rules.
Answer 6
The wastes disposed in the marine bodies of the world as well as the oil spills
in the seas and oceans are hugely responsible for the degradation of the oceanic
environments and the disruption in the marine ecosystem. The balance in the lives of
the flora and fauna are disturbed due to the phenomenon like eutrophication or
stress in oxidation. The impact of marine pollution is not only on the marine creatures
but also on the fishing industry and the tourism industry as well. Thus, the
governments of the concerned countries in the world are taking precautionary
measures to minimize the disastrous effects of the pollution and legal actions against
the causes who are responsible for it.

6IMPACT OF MARINE POLLUTION ON AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
References
Cusine, D. J., & Grant, J. P. (Eds.). (2019). The Impact of Marine Pollution.
Routledge.
Fossi, M. C., Vlachogianni, T., Galgani, F., Innocenti, F. D., Zampetti, G., & Leone,
G. (2020). Assessing and mitigating the harmful effects of plastic pollution:
The collective multi-stakeholder driven euro-mediterranean response. Ocean
& Coastal
Management, 184 doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/10.1016/j.ocecoa
man.2019.105005
Hoang, A. T. (2017). A reportofthe oil spill recovery and treatment technologiesto
reduce the marine environment pollution.
Liang Sharolynne, X. T., Wong, L. S., Dhanapal Anto Cordelia, T. A., &
Sinouvassane, D. (2020). Toxicity of metals and metallic nanoparticles on
nutritional properties of microalgae. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 231(2)
doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/10.1007/s11270-020-4413-5
Meng, X., Li, F., Wang, X., Liu, J., Ji, C., & Wu, H. (2020). Toxicological effects of
graphene on mussel mytilus galloprovincialis hemocytes after individual and
combined exposure with triphenyl phosphate. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 151,
1. doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110838
Pettipas, S., Bernier, M., & Walker, T. R. (2016). A Canadian policy framework to
mitigate plastic marine pollution. Marine Policy, 68, 117-122.