Impact of Occupational Stress on Psychological Wellbeing in Engineering

This dissertation explores the impact of occupational stress on the psychological wellbeing of male employees in the engineering industry. It examines the causes of stress, strategies used by organizations to prevent and help employees cope with stress, and the impact of work pressures on psychological wellbeing. Recommendations for mitigating occupational stress are also provided.

DISSERTATION
(Impact of occupational stress on psychological well-
being amongst male employees in Engineering)

ABSTRACT
In this study is has been described the impact of work stress on psychological well being
of male worker which make them unable to perform better, they cannot be able to complete task
on time that create barriers in professional as well as personal career growth. In this dissertation
the results are also gathered on the bases on having crucial impact of employees in their personal
and professional life. Due to facing over work pressure they are not concentrating on single work
and thus, resulting in facing depression. It also arises due to not taking proper care by superiors
at the time of managing work.
Thus, there is no such close relationship between employer and employee which resulting
in facing barriers in interacting accurately. The another reason for identifying stress is no open
doors in organisation. The organisation develop various strategies to deal with the problems and
stress of the employee’s. It has been described in the study that the training and development,
motivation and rewards are provided to the employees to reduce their stress level and maintain
their performance in the company. It also explains that overstress increases the burden and
depression for employees.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express my gratuitous thank to my tutors under whose guidance I completed my
dissertation with effective outcomes. The another thank is specially for my parent who supported
me and believe that I can accomplish this research in authentic way.
I feel so grateful that I had supporting friends who guided me at every stage and also
provide resource to competed the dissertation. Finally my special regards to God who provide
strength and patience to handle barrier in positive way.

Table of Contents
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...............................................................................................................3
Topic- Identify of the impact of occupational stress on psychological well-being amongst male
employees in Engineering industry. ................................................................................................5
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................5
Aims and Objectives...............................................................................................................6
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY.......................................................................................................6
RELEVANCE OF RESEARCH......................................................................................................8
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................9
RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES...............................................................................................19
Introduction..........................................................................................................................19
Research Philosophy............................................................................................................19
Research Approach...............................................................................................................20
Research Design...................................................................................................................21
Qualitative Data- Semi-structured interviews......................................................................22
Research Sample..................................................................................................................23
Quantitative Data- Outline Questionnaire............................................................................23
Sample Design- Employees..................................................................................................24
Data Collection and Analysis...............................................................................................24
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS............................................................................................26
DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION.................................................................................................44
RECOMMENDATIONS...............................................................................................................47
CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................48
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................51
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................53
QUESTIONNAIRE..............................................................................................................53

Topic- Identify of the impact of occupational stress on psychological well-
being amongst male employees in Engineering industry.
INTRODUCTION
Occupational stress defined as state of tension that can occurs at time when an individual
senses a disagreement between working environment challenges and their possibilities of coping
(Adisa, Osabutey and Gbadamosi, 2016). In today's work life, employees are working for longer
hours as rising level of responsibilities requires them to exert themselves to meet out falling
expectation about performance of work. It can be enhanced at time when employee do not feel
supported by supervisors and colleague. Thus, this is situation in which employee do not have
little control over work processes. Additionally, pressure of quality, innovation and enhance in
pace of doing business grew equally dramatically and this created stress within employees.
Many enterprise in the world are witnessing an alarming increase of negative impact of
stress on productivity of employees. However, poor time management, inability to get things
done on time, unclear job description and feelings of insecurity are the causes to stress. Immense
pressure at workplace led to stress and this brings low productivity levels at workplace. In
addition to this, occupational stress termed out as stress that experienced by employees in the
workplace and this may lead to have impact on psychological well-being on individuals.
Additionally, occupational stress has adverse and pessimistic effect on mental health,
measured by insomnia, depression, depression and this leads to psychological well being,
anxiety, happiness etc. In today's world stress has become the worldwide phenomenon that can
occurs in every workplace. Henceforth, it can be stated that this has adverse affect on mental
health and quality of organisational productivity. Thus, occupational stress contributes wide
number of difficulties and hindrances to enterprise in the shape of non attendances, poor health
outcomes and loss of efficiency (Aranha and et.al., 2017). Furthermore, occupational stress can
be stated as noteworthy issues with organisational management and leadership. However, the
stress of workplace contributes towards the problem like family issues, unsatisfactory
performance, poor social relationship and unproductive organisation.
However, report will based on to formulation of the aim and objectives on the basis of
given topic. Thus, research methodologies will be defined so that research can be ascertained
with use of proper methods and this leads to authentic information. However, primary and
secondary both technique will be adopted so that reliable and authentic information can be

ascertained. Depth analysis will be conducted with help of literature review and data collection
method so that depth information about the topic can assist the researcher to gain insights about
the topic of research. However, the data analysis will be conducted with use of SPSS technique
by use of correlation method so that reliable and valid data can be collected.
Statement of the problem
There are many enterprise that mainly aims as to attain higher productivity and end up
saddling employees with overload of work to meet out the deadline and physical effects of
employees that may result into something contrary within organization to accomplish. In order
to generate enough revenue to be self sustaining and to be able to fund the acquisition of modern
equipment means efficient services and have optimal employment of resources.
Therefore, it has been identified that continuous change in management strategies and
administration and demand of employees is continually increasing. This is the term that has
brought immense pressure on employees and they are expected to deliver the world class
services. However, present study will be conducted to identify the impact of stress on
psychological well-being of employees.
Aims and Objectives
Aim:
To identify the impact of occupational stress on psychological well-being amongst male
employees in Engineering industry.
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The engineering industry is considered one of the most challenging and project driven
working environments where workloads are inconsistent and stress levels are high ( Au and
Ahmed, 2016). Henceforth, object of this research is based on aim of study and articulated in
following manner as-
The aim of this study is to
 To ascertain the causes of stress within organisation.
 To examine the different strategies used by organisation to prevent and help employees to
cope with stress.
 To explore the impact of work pressures on the psychological well-being of male
employees in engineering.

 To analyse ways in which employees cope with workplace stress and balance home-work
life.
 To provide suggestive measures to mitigate occupational stress and bring effective
psychological well being among male and employees in engineering industry.
Research questionnaire
 What are the causes of stress?
 How stress management strategies have been employed to assist employees to manage
stress?
 Does work pressure has impact on psychological well being of employees in
engineering?
Significance of the study
The main aim of study is to determine the impact of stress on employees productivity and
their psychological well being. Henceforth, researcher believes that study would go a long way
to notifying all organization and most effectively in the service sector on the need to ensure the
effective management of stress for their employees.
On the other hand, findings will add to studies that have been done so that individual
belong to somewhere else can appreciate the problem. However, this research study will provide
the suggestion on term that how to reduce the effects of stress on output. On the other hand, it
will be a source for further research and act as to relevance to stakeholder.
Scope of study
The study has mainly focused on to determine the impact of occupational stress on
productivity of employees and their psychological well-being. It is one of the major factor that
aids to get in depth and comprehensive understanding of causes of stress to make the meaningful
research (Baron, Franklin and Hmieleski, 2016).
Additionally, drawbacks are an inevitable part of almost every venture individual to carry
out and to overcome them to perform task effective ahead. These challenges at some extent
affected the progress of the study and also assisted to the researcher to work tirelessly in making
the success of this study a reality.
Limitation of the study
It is the study that necessarily limited in scope as there is series of resource limitation as
well as practical research limitation. Therefore, this research has some limitation as the time

allocated for conducting this study was very short to allow for adequate data collection and this
divided between the main academic work that included face to face examination.
Therefore, whole information was in detailed aspect and the some respondents did not
corporate with researcher at the time of collecting the data. However, it has been found that
financial constraint has also become the vast problem that researcher faced at time of
undertaking the study.
RELEVANCE OF RESEARCH
The whole study has organised into the five chapters. It will define the overall structure
of research project and this also inclusive of differed chapters. Additionally, structure of the
project defined in the below contexted manned as-
Chapter 1: Introduction
This is first chapter that streamlines the overall structure of research report. Henceforth,
researcher will define background, aims, objectives and research questions etc. Additionally, this
all needs to be achieved (Baron, Franklin and Hmieleski, 2016). However, this is initial phase
that plays crucial role in undertaking the whole research study in significant mode.
Chapter 2: Literature review
It is second chapter that assist to analyse the secondary information by the use of books,
journal and article etc. Therefore, this aids to gather the depth information on given topic to
research. However, secondary information can be collected in ease mode and this can be
assistive in term to gather detailed information to research.
Chapter 3: Research methodologies
This step will define various method to research study. With application of statistical and
logical technique it can be easy to determine, elaborate and measure the data effectively.
Additionally, it defines the systematic plan for collecting the research and also includes method
as implication, data collection and interpretation etc.
Chapter 4: Data analysis
It is term that defines systematic information about the research topic. However, the
chapter will show that first hand information to the research can be defined with use of primary
data. It is attractive approach that defines how all data can be collected and interpreted (Baron,
Franklin and Hmieleski, 2016 ). In order to explain it, the researcher can use graph, chart, table
etc. Valid and reliable data can be collected with help of tables, interpretation etc.

Chapter 5: Discussion and analysis
At this stage, the conclusion will be drawn on the basis of information. This chapter will
cover the whole discussion of the report.

LITERATURE REVIEW
This is term that defined as comprehensive summary of the previous research on topic. It
is inclusive of survey, books, scholarly articles and any other sources relevant to particular issue.
Therefore, it aids to have in depth grasp of subject.
Theme 1: Different initiatives used by organisation to prevent and help employees cope with
stress.
Workplace stress defined as harmful physical and emotional responses that can bring
conflict between job demands on employee and amount of control on employee. As per the view
of Adisa, Osabutey and Gbadamosi, (2016) stated that this is pattern of physiological,
emotional, cognitive and behavioural reaction that can bring sometimes harsh impact on working
of the enterprise. In contrary to Aranha and et.al., (2017) stated that wellness programme must be
designed to improve employee health as this can aids to enhance productivity, decrease the level
of stress and boost morale. It can be reduce if employee can avail better training facilities so that
better and improved activities can be carried out to building health strategies. According to the
view of Au and Ahmed, (2016) stated that employees are most crucial assets to the enterprise
and without their effective support organisation cannot able to survive with profitability for
longer term.
However, two things can be effective in terms to manage and reduce the stress as greater
control and autonomy and good employees. In contrary to Baron, Franklin and Hmieleski, (2016)
stated that managers experience significantly less stress when they have good relationship to
their workers. Employee must be encouraged to use paid time off. Therefore, employee need
little downtime away from workplace to relax and balance to work with life.
As per the view of Cho and Tay, (2016) stated that one of core responsibilities of
manager is to pass solution at time of conflict so that better activities can be carried out.
Workplace stress can be promoted with help of promoting support and open communication
within enterprise. With help of offering the stress management programme and to provide stress
management programmes to supervisors behaviour may have strong influence on workers. On
the other hand, De Clercq and Belausteguigoitia, (2017) stated that occupation stress can be
defined as harmful physical and psychological consequences to individuals that results between
demand of working environment and needs, resources and abilities to individuals. In contrary to
stated that occupation stress has become one of major issue of modern world. Managers to the

enterprise are responsible for execution of all reasonable resources so that enterprise activities
can be carried down effectively. As per the view of De Clercq, Dimov and Belausteguigoitia,
(2016) stated that the core focus of programmers can be directed towards the individuals
workers, working groups and organisation as a whole. No matter how good job is or how good
manager is, employees have to face the stress. It will bear a gigantic influence on the overall
performance within an organization. There are modern tactics which are used to staff members to
deal with stress such as information and awareness Thus, it can be stated that stress management
is significant part of maintaining better physical and emotional relationship with others.
As per the view of Cho and Tay, (2016) stated that the one and foremost way to prevent
excessive build-up of stress that offers employees more breaks throughout the day. This facilities
needs to offer to breaking up the day of workers with small pockets of relief that can assist
employee to be more productive and less stress. In contrary to De Clercq and Belausteguigoitia,
(2017) stated that managers and employers to the enterprise must be transparent about the goals
of firm and how job roles support these goals. It aids to give employees peace of mind as they
know what is really needs to focus on and how to take actions to accomplish the desired goals set
by firm. Employees to the enterprise must take initiatives to develop these goals so that they can
feel the part of process.
According to the view of De Clercq, Dimov and Belausteguigoitia, (2016) stated that
keeping employees within flexible work environment aids enhance the employee productivity.
On the other hand, flexibility in working environment aids to reduce the pressure of work and
they become able to perform effectively. As per the view of Cho and Tay, (2016) stated that
there is nothing that can cause stress on employee like poor management, with providing proper
training facilities to supervisors the efficiency of employees can be enhanced. It is inclusive of
effective communication skills, to set out goals, by providing adequate training facilities to
employees assist to bring better advancement. In contrary to De Clercq, Dimov and
Belausteguigoitia, (2016) stated that managers to the enterprise must put their focus on work and
company by giving employees purpose and pride in the work.
In contrary to Cho and Tay, (2016) stated that assisting employees in conflict situation
can help employee to perform effectively and efficiently. Managers to the enterprise must put
their focus to positive aspect of the work and help employees to perform effectively. Thus,
effective management of the stress can leads to improved health. Additionally, Cho and Tay,

(2016) it can be stated that effective stress management techniques can offset the negative
impacts of life. Thus, consistently enhanced workload with extremely long hours that couple
with expectation to produce impeccable work product on short deadlines can put the employee at
stress.
As per the view of Adisa, Osabutey and Gbadamosi, (2016) stated that corporate wellness
program needs to be launched to promote employees self care. Thus, programme needs to
provide knowledge about the healthier diet, depression, education and financial resources to
support in debt management and retirement. Thus, number of steps must be taken as to set out
the goals for employees, to encourage mindfulness with team, to providing flexible working
environment, encouraging employees to perform their best and to have better workplace
recognition. Managers to the enterprise needs to make timely communication with workers so
that they can able to analyse the needs and wants of employees. As per the view of Aranha and
et.al., (2017) stated that stress management programme must be initiatives as it is comprehensive
and preventive programme that primarily aims to foster psychological well being by energizing
climate of work, to enhance relationship.
Theme 2: Investigate the sources of work pressures to assist employees to cope up with work
pressure.
According to Everyone who has job felt pressure at some point. Everyone feels pressure
to meet deadline but when it is in the continuous form then it became chronic. Work Related
stress take a big toll on health of the employees. A Stressful work environment causes the
problems for example headache, short temper, sleep disturbances and also results in insomnia,
weakened immune system. Individual who experiencing stress in excessive amount deals it with
more unhealthy ways such as eating unhealthy foods, abusing drugs, alcohol, smoking cigarettes.
here are certain steps to manage stress such as by keeping stress tracking record for that
individual keep a journal so that they can identify that which situation creates most stress and
how they respond to such circumstances. They also record the information about environment,
also included the circumstances involved and how they react about such circumstances. Keeping
notes helps them to find the stress related pattern and how they react with such situation. People
instead of developing Habits of consuming alcohol or fast food they can attempt the healthy
choice such as exercise is a great option to reduce the stress. Yoga is considered as an excellent
choice not only yoga any kind of physical activity is a great source of stress buster. Also, make

hobbies as well a favorite activity. Reading novel as well as going concerts and also playing
games with their families. Getting quality sleep is also consider as the effective stress
management. Also, individuals limit caffeine intake at the late night to reduce the stimulating
activities such as use of smartphones ,TV and computer at night. People take time to recharge
themselves due the negative effects of chronic stress as well as burnout. People need time to
replenish themselves from a high level of functioning. This recovery needs the switching off
from work related activities and also think about them. Here the best suggestion is that don't let
the vacation waste whenever people have possible time than take time to relax and then come
back to feel reinvigorated as well as employees are ready to perform their best at workplaces.
When employees are unable to take vacations than they took a quick boost by switching off their
mobile phones as well as focusing the activities which are not work based. Techniques such as
deep breathing exercises meditation as well as mindfulness can assist a lot to melt away the
stress. They can begin it by few minutes of each and every day to follow the simple activity such
as breathing, enjoying a meal well as walking. To enhance the skill of focusing on a single
activity without any distraction will get stronger with the time and also it can apply at various
aspect of life. Employee health is directly connected to the productivity at work so the managers
of the company has an open communication with the employees. The motive of this is not a lay a
list of complaints but instead of that come up with effective plans for the stress management. so
that the employees can perform the best on the job. The plan has some parts which are designed
to help improve skills in areas such as time management and also eliminates strain. Manager
regularly check that how can team member experiencing stress and is there any need to take any
chances that are still needed as this can be done through the informal chats or the planned one-to-
one meeting within the workplaces, also the manager of the team could monitor their health as
well as support wherever necessary. Also, employees accept help from their trusted friends as
well as family members.
As per the Adisa, Osabutey and Gbadamosi, (2016) views in today's world it is very easy
to make oneself under the boundaries by taking pressure in a 24-hour day. The boundaries in the
work can be due to restriction in the work by giving no lunchtime to the worker and no break in
between the work. Sometimes it is so stressful for the employees that it becomes difficult of the
employees to answer the phone calls, checking emails,etc. It also affects the personal life style of
the employees as the next day when the employees come to office they are stressful and

demotivated due to the previous day. All these situations can be corrected by giving proper
breaks to the employees. The break can be lunch break, 15 minutes breaks, and also providing
holidays after long working days. All this situation can also be corrected by using the stress
management program known as Employee Assistance Program, in which online facility is
available for the mental health in which on the regular basis the mental health is taken proper
care of the employees. Stress management of the employees can be done by the employer
conducting on regular basis recreational activities such as sports activities, meditation, yoga,
work out in between the work. Sometimes in order to prevent from the stress the employer also
hire a psychologist which guides the employer to make plan for the stress management.
According to author Employees are considered as the wealth of the organization and if
they are not fit then it is very bad for any organization. The management of stress is very
important because it will result in increasing the productivity of the employees by motivating
Stress. Organization also tries various techniques in order to reduce the stress such as posting
images on the wall of positive thoughts, motivating thoughts, providing healthy diet, effective
work allocation, etc. All these factors reduces the stress of the employees in order to bring
positive results.
According to the view of Aranha and et.al., (2017) stated that work pressure and stress
has been recognized the world wide and consider as a major challenge in employee’s life. Many
employees are stressed that likely to be unhealthy, less productive and poorly motivated at
workplace. The organization are likely to be successful in the competitive marketplace. Stress
also brought about by pressures at work and home. Employees are usually protecting the worker
from stress arising outside the work but it cannot protect them from stress that arises through
work.
As per author views, Pressure at workplace is unavoidable due to increase the demand of
modern work culture or environment. It is also perceived as an acceptable by people which may
even keep worker alter, able to work and motivated. Sometimes, it mainly depending on the
resources and personal characteristics. However, Pressure becomes excessive and unmanageable
that increases the stress level.
A healthy job is likely to be one of most common where pressure on worker and also
appropriate in the relation to their resources and abilities. As healthy working environment is one

in which there are exists the absence of harmful conditions but an abundance of health promoting
ones.
As per the views of the author encourages a culture regarding the open communication
about the issue of mental health as well as well-being of the employees, also assures the
employees about help to regard health issues. If possible than employees can seek the advise.
from the health professional about their health is absolutely free and also company has also
organized to a human resource manager. Manager of the company also devise a policy on the
stress management policy in consultation within the employees. Here make sure that there is cut
down the requirements of the overtime by the reorganizing duties as well staff members extra
work.
Theme 3: Analyse the ways in which employees cope with workplace stress and balance home-
work life.
Work life balance is a situation that commonly used to define the balance between time
allocated for work and other aspect of life. As per the view of Au and Ahmed, (2016) stated that
balanced employees tend to feel more motivated and less stressed out at work and it can enhance
firm productivity and bring reduction in the number of conflicts among management and co-
workers. In contrary to Aranha and et.al., (2017) stated that enterprise that gain reputation in
terms to encourage work life balance have become one of the very attractive to workers and draw
valuable pool of candidates for new job openings.
According to the view of Baron, Franklin and Hmieleski, (2016)
stated that work life balance sets out to accomplish balance between person working life and
private life. Thus, enhancement in the number of firms are relaying over the employees to lead
more balanced lifestyle. Happy employees are ultimately become more productive and
motivated.
In contrary to Aranha and et.al., (2017) stated that one of the best ways to promote
better and improved work life balance is to actually teach employees about the core things and to
educate the employees to perform balance home work life. Psychological well being mainly
described as a positive relationship with others. Thus, psychological well-being described
Mental health it includes our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. Thus, this emotion
and It affects how we think, feel, and act. It also helps determine how we handle stress, relate to
others, and make choices. Mental health is essential at every stage of life because it provides the

support to the individual as they use their mind and manage their life. Thus, it is important for
every stage childhood and adolescence through adulthood. It is attained by achieving the state of
balance that affected by both challenging and rewarding life events. Stress at the workplace is
affects the environment work culture. It is one of the major issue which affects the mind and
ability of employees for both organization and employees. As per the view of Zaaboul, Raza,
Cao and Yuanfa, (2019) stated that the psychological well being is helpful for the metal health
When employees of the enterprise are mentally healthy they are able to handle life's challenges,
stay resilient to life's setbacks, and build strong relationships with others. On the other hand,
mental health indicates the different scores and scores indicate that the respondent is independent
and regulates his or her behavior independent of social pressures. An example statement for this
criterion is “I have confidence in my opinions, even if they are contrary to the general
consensus. Thus, When employees are mentally healthy they are able to handle life's challenges,
stay resilient to life's setbacks, and build strong relationships with others.
As per the view of Zaaboul, Raza, Cao and Yuanfa, (2019) it is stated that Occupational
stress has increase more attention in the recent years, as the number of employees experience so
many stresses at the work place due to high work load and working hours. An occupationally
employee are not satisfied with their working conditions and it will lead the number of
unsatisfying employees. An occupationally stressful leader fails to increase and fulfilling the
productive and profitability and also fail to gainful outcomes in an organization. Thus,
unsatisfied psychological well-being of male employees in engineering is faced so many
difficulties and occupational stress takes place due to professional variables relating with the
employees to adjust their psychological and physiological conditions which usually cause the
mind or body of the individual to go amiss from its normal functioning. Investigation has
revealed that turnover rates of the employees forces increase when employees stress increases.
Therefore, occupational stress contributes to a number of difficulties and hindrances to
organization in the shape of non-attendance, loss of efficiency and poor health resources.
As per the view of Lyons, (2019) it is stated that the main reason of work pressure is that
long hours, heavy work load, Changes within the organisation, Tight deadlines, Changes to
duties, Job insecurity, Lack of autonomy, Boring work etc. Thus, this all are the main reason of
work pressure and it reduces the employee motivation. According to the Gharib-Nezhad and
Line, (2019) it is stated that the high stress and high workload is impact on the people's health

and wellness. Thus, the impact of work pressure is reduced the organizational performance.
Impact of employee performance like high stress is increase the absenteeism and High labour
turnover. Thus, high turnover reduce the performance of the company and reduce the
productivity as well.
As per the view of Dhir, Kumar and Singh, (2019) it is stated that nowadays
enterprise has provided the different types of benefits to the employees for reducing the stress
level. On the other side, enterprise provide the flexible working hours and holidays benefit to the
worker in order to reduce the tension and work pressure of employees. Thus, many enterprises is
use the different types of theory to motivate the employee like Maslow and other motivational
theory that helps to motivate the people at work place. In the present scenario, workforce has
become more diverse and jobs and career gets' scarer. In contrary to stated that possibility to
acquire new skills are becoming requirements. Lack of adequate opportunities to participate, it is
the factor that make employee’s feel unimportant that could lead to strain and job related stress.
Starting a new job can likely to be very stressful if the person felt inexperienced, inability to cope
with workload, feeling of uncomforted around their bosses or colleagues and stirred up by work.
Theme 4: Explore the impact of work pressures on the psychological well-being of male
employees in engineering.
Psychological well being mainly consist of positive relationship with others, personal
growth and development and a feeling of purpose and meaning in life. It is attained by achieving
the state of balance that affected by both challenging and rewarding life events. Stress at the
workplace is one of the core issue for both organisation and employees. As per the view of De
Clercq, Dimov,Belausteguigoitia (2016) stated that the common psychological components as
balance between demands made on employees and skills and the resources that is required to
meet. On the other hand, mental health is inclusive of emotional, psychological and social well-
being to employees. This plays crucial role at each stage of life from the childhood and
adolescence and through adulthood.
As per the view of Au and Ahmed (2016) stated that now a days organisations have
become flatter, meaning that power and responsibility that radiates throughout the enterprise. In
the present scenario, workforce has become more diverse and jobs and career gets scarer. In
contrary to stated that possibility to acquire new skills are becoming requirements. Lack of

adequate opportunities to participate, it is the factor that make employee’s feel unimportant that
could lead to strain and job related stress. Starting a new job can likely to be very stressful if the
person felt inexperienced, inability to cope with workload, feeling of uncomforted around their
bosses or colleagues and stirred up by work.
Thus, there are major consequences of stress. Mental health of employees is threatened
by high level of stress and poor mental health. On the other hand, psychological symptoms,
physical symptoms can also affect the employee performance to worsen. In addition to it, the
components as anger, anxiousness, depression, fretfulness, aggression, and boredom results into
the low performance of employee as it declines the self-esteem, bitterness of supervision,
inability to concentrate, trouble in making decision and job dissatisfaction. Henceforth, many
workers at the workplace suffers from anxiety disorders or stress related illnesses. As per the
view of Adisa, Osabutey.and Gbadamosi (2016)stated that stress defined as adjustive demand on
an individual that caused by emotional, physical and mental factors requires coping behaviour.
As per the view of Vandrevala, and et.al. ( 2017) stated that prolonged exposures to the stress
has profound and detrimental effects on conditions of health. Stress plays crucial role and it can
cause aliments like asthma, coronary heart disease and chest pains, headaches and ulcers.
Occupational stress can be related to the stress that comes due to unexpected responsibility and
pressure that cannot be align by the persons knowledge and skills.
According to the views of the level of the occupational stress uses to increase in a
particular individual is due to inability to cope with ineffectiveness and lack of support from the
supervisors and the colleagues. On the other hand the author argued that Strauss, Parker.and
O'Shea (2017)- there can be creation of stress among the individual due to crises with requisite
holistic, social responsibility, human personal requisite holistic and personal well being. Stress
among the employees has be turned out to be the significant issue for each company along with
society as it comes with the cost of an individual , organisation and society. As per the view of
Menges, and et.al. ( 2017) it is important for an organisation to have proper training for the
leader for the management of the stress in the employees. The basic stress among the leaders are
regarding the perceived physical and psychical well being.
According to the Cho, and Tay (2016) the leaders have reported a high rate of frequency
as the kind of daily work stress than the employees. On the other hand the the author argued
that-. DeCenzo, Robbins, and Verhulst (2016). eaders use to be more frequently under the

pressure as comparative to employees. With the investment in the psychological well being used
to pay dividend to both of the employer and employee which will be benefited in the improved
outcomes and productivity. The author stated that the improved productivity leads to the loyalty
and the dedicated which make the life of the employee along with greater level of satisfaction.
As per the view of author-Menges, and et.al. ( 2017) the positive psychology to bring efficacy,
hope and the optimism and the resilience among the employees. The authorDe
Clercq,Dimov,Belausteguigoitia (2016). also stated that the well being of psychological well
being has found to be related along with the work and personal experience and outcomes.
According to the Au. and Ahmed (2016) there many thousands of the engineer who use
to start the career with the IT industry . IT has turn to be the dream job of the many of the
engineers which id paying at most high revenue along with the promise of good life and higher
income. On the other hand the author Lambert.and et.al.( 2016) also argued that the target and
pressure in also among one of the basic feature of the IT industry for the development in the
different parts of the economy. In the research of authorAdisa, Osabutey.and Gbadamosi (2016)it
was state that the pressure in the works demands the performance appraisal in the positive way.
On the other hand the Vandrevala, and et.al. ( 2017) argued that due to the family conflicts along
with work conflict turned out to have negative effects on the work place. The author
Baron,Franklin .and Hmieleski (2016) also stared that HRM practice turns out to have the strong
impact on the will being of the employees for the longer run and tent to have more of the positive
impact rather than the negative one. On the other hand the author.Ganster, Rosen. and Fisher
(2018) argued that the supportive and trust employees and management turns out to be more
effective in reduction of the stress in the employees.
According to author Strauss, Parker.and O'Shea (2017)it was stated that there is more
pressure on the employee on the private sector as compare to the public sector. The author also
stated that there is more of the physiological well being of the public sector employees as
compare to the private sector. The author Menges, and et.al. ( 2017) also argued that there is
more pressure of the work and job related issues to the private employees as compare to public
one. However the author also concluded that that the unhealthy situation and the many other
factor are also responsible for the negative well-being. In continuation with that there are
basically the three basis of the spirituality at work place , meaningful work and
interconnectedness among the employees and the management for the efficient working .

RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
Introduction
Research methodologies is the specific procedures or techniques which is used to
identify, select, process as well as analyse information regarding topic of the study. It is the
systematic, theoretical analysis of the methods applied to a field of the study. During the
research, the most essential things for researcher to make is entirely based on the distinction
between quantitative and qualitative data. Additionally, research is defined as evaluation and
collection of the information about the particular subject. It is systematic activity that can be
understand to carry out research in significant mode. This chapter will examine the
methodological approach to the research project, discuss the research sample along with the data
collection as well as subsequently outline the ethical considerations and research limitations of
the research. This chapter will allow readers to critically evaluate the entire reliability and
validity of whole study.
Research type- It is defined as careful selection of study so that whole research study can be
undertaken effectively. Therefore, research is systematic inquiry to define, explain, predict and
control over the observed phenomenon. On the other hand, research termed out as systematic
gathering of data and information to carry out the advancement of knowledge to the study.
Therefore, there are two methods of research type as qualitative and quantitative.
Research Philosophy
Research philosophy is a belief about the way in which data about a phenomenon must be
collected, analysed and used. It mainly respond to the source, nature and development of
knowledge and it also aids researcher to for carrying the research process where they discuss the
research design , strategies, sampling, design of questionnaires. Research philosophies are
classified into four categorises which are Pragmatism, Positivism, Realism and Interpretivism.
Pragmatism is a type of research philosophy which mainly deals with the facts as it claims that
the choice of research philosophies are mostly determined by the research issues. Positivism
research philosophy is the highly structured and it is mainly based on natural phenomenon as
well as their relations and properties. This method considered large sample and it provide
effective results when study is quantitative but it can be used in qualitative as well. However, the
research philosophy termed out as development of knowledge and nature of knowledge that
assist to researcher to be more creative and exploratory in the method of research. This is the vast

topic that aids to discussing the topic in great details and this defines the development of research
assumptions in varied mode.
Realism is a type of research philosophy where the methods selected should be fit to the
subject matter and it allows both the methods either qualitative or quantitative. It is necessary
that methods used in the research should be suitable for subject areas. Whereas Interpretivism
research philosophy is last method where the research study large sample in-depth and it allows
qualitative investigations. However, Interpretivism philosophy is not structured in a sophisticated
manner. In this present research, researcher has used realism and Interpretivism research
philosophies in order to investigate the impact of occupational stress on psychological well-being
amongst male employees in Engineering industry. With the use of realism philosophy, researcher
has analysed both qualitative and quantitative methods and similarly, by applying Interpretivism
philosophy, scholar has analysed the data collected from interviews as it is small in sample.
Thus, with the application of Realism and Interpretivism research philosophies,
researcher has successfully and effectively identified the impact of occupational stress on
psychological well-being amongst male employees in Engineering industry.
Research Approach
Research approach is the plan and process which consist of the steps of wide assumptions
in order to detailed methods of collection of data, analysis and interpretation. After selecting the
research methods either qualitative, quantitative or both, scholar have to look over the types of
research approaches used in the research. It helps in designing the way of data collection and its
analysis. Their are mainly three types of research approaches which inductive, deductive and
abductive. Inductive research approach is mainly emphasized on generation of new theory
emerging from the data as well as it is basically used in research question in order to narrow the
orbit of the study. However, inductive research approach is mainly associated with the research
based on qualitative methods and techniques. On the other hand, deductive research approach is
is mainly emphasized on the aim and testing theory and it basically starts with hypothesis. The
main purpose of applying deductive approach is that evaluate effective results of the research
when study is quantitative.
In addition to this, there is another classification known to be Abductive research
approach which mainly applied for addressing weaknesses linked with inductive and deductive
approaches. The advantages of using abductive research approach in the study is that it is study

and generate cause and effect relationship. This present research is the mixture of both
qualitative and quantitative methods and researcher has collected data from interview and
questionnaire so in order to reach the final outcomes of the research, scholar has applied
abductive research approach as it deals with the issues raised in inductive and deductive
approaches. Abductive is said to be the mixture of both deductive and inductive approaches.
Thus, with the application of abductive and deductive research approach, researcher has
successfully identified the impact of occupational stress on psychological well-being amongst
male employees in Engineering industry.
Research Design
This is defined as framework in which number of method and technique has been
selected by researcher to combine number of components in research. It combines number of
components or research within reasonably logical mode. Henceforth, research design termed out
as research strategy that needs to create to find answer to research questions. Once the research
approaches are selected, researcher have to look over the selection of research design. Research
design is the framework of techniques and methods selected by the scholar to combine several
elements of research in a reasonably logical manner so that the problem of the research is
efficiently tackle. It is kind of framework of methods and techniques that selected by researcher
to combine various components of research within reasonably logical mode. Thus, it needs to be
the efficiently handled.
Additionally, this is blueprint to for the research study that aids to collect and analyse the
data to research. This is defined as blueprint for carry out marketing research project. Research
design defined as set of methods and procedures with help of which information can collect or
measured out. that collects and analyse the measures of variables specified that termed out
specified problem in research. Additionally, this is defined as set of methods Through the
research design, researcher can carry out the research using a specific methods and techniques
using specific methods. All the research questions in the research are addressed with the help of
research design. Additionally, this is defined as method that aids to conduct depth description
with use of particular methodology. Thus, research design is pre planned term that aids to
explain the problem related with research. Research design is classified between five types which
are Descriptive, Experimental, Correlational, Diagnostic and Explanatory research design.

In descriptive research design, scholar is interested solely in describing the case or
situation research study and it mainly based on theory. Data is collected, evaluated and
interpreted on theory basis. By applying this research design, scholar could renders deep
information about the study by answering how and why types of research questions. This
research design is mainly based on qualitative methods. Another is Experimental research
design which is mainly used to establish relationship between cause and effect of a state of
affairs. This research design brings out more effective result when it is based on quantitative
methods. Correlational research design is a type that aids scholar to build a relationship among
two closely connected variables and it need two different groups for carrying the study. The
outcomes of the method is less questionable because it does not allows any assumptions during
the relationship evaluation. However, it is mainly based on quantitative methods as it required
statistical techniques for data analysis in calculating the relationship among the variables. In the
type of explanatory research design, researcher does not make any use of internet and theories as
they use their own ideas and imagination. In this type, they look for unexplored situation and
tries to bring it to the eyes of the people. In the diagnostic research, scholar tries to find out the
main reason of problem. There are some factors responsible for problematic situation.
Thus, with the help of correlational and descriptive research design, researcher made this
research successful and accomplished its pre determined goals. In descriptive researcher took
interview.
Qualitative Data- Semi-structured interviews
Qualitative data and semi structured interviews conducted in order to gain information's
and insight into employers' views on the main topic of to know the impact of occupational stress
on psychological well-being amongst male employees in engineering. Semi-structured interviews
were conducted on a sample of engineers for knowing their views about occupational stress
factors. By asking more open ended questions, researcher tried to accomplish its goals and solve
the problem and give chances to each selected engineer to speak out the problem and factors
which cause occupational stress among them. From interviews and questionnaires, researcher
found several reasons and impacts of occupational stress amongst male engineering employees.
Some impacts includes mental health, absenteeism, anxiety, depression and many more other
psychological disorders by a stressful workforce for men engineer evidence.

Researcher does not only make an effective use of semi-structured interviews but also
questionnaires. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data from approximately 100
participants by using RPWB (Ryff's psychological well-being scale ) as the main aim was to find
the factors and impacts of occupational stress on physiological well being of male engineer
employees. 100 sample participants included field based, office based male employees and
engineers. By doing this qualitative data and semi structures interviews, scholar identified
sources of work pressure along with ways in which employees cope up with the main problem or
workplace stress and balance between home-work life. It is important for researcher and
engineering industry to solve this problem because absenteeism and high turnover increase
overall cost of the company. They have to invest in recruitment and training for employees and it
also becomes difficult for them to get skilled and experienced employees.
So, it can be said that both qualitative data with questionnaires and semi-structured
interviews researcher identified all occupational stress factors that create several problems for
engineering industry and male engineers.
Research Sample
In the context of research sample, it is said that researcher choose participants from semi-
structured interviews from a pool of interviews who wanted to participate in the research
voluntarily. For participating they filled an online form which were distributed via the social
enterprise's networks in order to make sure that they were not bound and voluntarily participate
in research and interview process. Researcher selected all participants from a pool of volunteers
as for following ethics and know their views and perspectives on the topic of to analyse impacts
of occupational stress factors on psychological well being among male employees in
engineering.
Quantitative Data- Outline Questionnaire
It is defined as objective that used to gain the detailed insights of the respondents about
the survey research topic. Thus, it is the structured way of collecting and analysing data to
obtained from different sources. It is the data that is in numerical form such as statistic,
percentages etc.
However, to undertake quantitative analysis the questionnaire needs to be framed out it
can be easy to numerical answer so that data can be analyse quickly. Thus, quantitative research
majorly focus on to gather numerical data and to generalize the information so that research can

collect effectively. It is easier to measure out and to conduct the survey effectively so that better
decision can be conducted.
Sample Design- Employees
It is defined as framework and road map that affects the wide aspect of survey. Thus, it
has huge impact on various aspects of survey as well. Sampling design is one of the crucial part
of the research study as this aids to have better outcomes relate with research. On the other hand,
sampling is fundamental part of statistics. However, the main purpose of sampling is to gain
depth understanding of the some attributes of whole population that based on characteristic to
research report.
Data Collection and Analysis
Data analysis defined as actions and method that performed on data that aids to explain
facts, detect patterns, develop explanation and testing of hypothesis. It is defined as process that
work as to measured and gathered information on the targeted variables in established system
and evaluate outcomes. However, researcher can evaluate the hypothesis on the basis of
collected data. This is defined as process in which researcher can collect the whole information
with relevant sources to find answer to the research problem. Henceforth, the one of the most
critical purpose of data collection is to ensure about information rich and reliable data to collect
for statistical analysis so that data driven and better decision can be made for research.
Henceforth, the method to data collection classified into categories as primary and
secondary. So, primary data is method that aids to carried out to address the certain problem that
needs to have in depth analysis so that information to data can be collected. Thus, there are
various technique under this as observation, postal, online survey, focus group and test marketing
etc. On the other hand, secondary method define as one that provides information to primary
source. In this data to research can be collected with help of books, online articles and journals
etc.
Thus, researcher has used the both technique as primary and secondary. Therefore,
researcher has used both techniques to determine the identify the impact of occupational stress
on psychological well-being amongst male employees in Engineering industry.
Ethical consideration- It is defined as most crucial aspect of the research. Therefore, researcher
must put their consideration while conducting research on term as informed consent, to respect
the anonymity and confidentiality. To maintain the reliability and validity of research, researcher

needs to take prior consent before disclosing information. It is very crucial in research as this
standards prevent against the falsifying of data and also promote pursuit of knowledge and truth
and this is one of the primary goal to research. Additionally, it is very important to obtain the full
consent from the participants before undertaking research.
Limitation to research- It is study that has characteristic of design or methodology that has
huge impact on influence the finding from research. However, limitation to study can influence
the whole research activities. Henceforth, there are number of components as shortcomings,
influence, conditions all these cannot be controlled by researcher. Herein, business strategy
model can be use to identify and analyse the specific issue to research.
Reliability and validity- This both are the two crucial method that aids to define and measure
out bias and distortion. However, validity implies to the extent in which the researcher
instrument measure that is intended to measure. Thus, validity to the research can be defined as
indication of how sound research can be collected. Additionally, it ensures about the generating
the research findings so that better conclusion can be made.

DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
Data analysis is such a process in which the results are to be interpreted from the
collected data and than accordingly the judgement is analyses. As data is collected from various
sources, thus it in necessary to interpret the actual results which helps in decision making. Data is
analysed once the information is gathered and determined from various sources and than
accordingly the judgement is raised. In this research, the data is collected from 100 male
employees through social media and the results are to be interpreted online. There are various
chances of fluctuation in result but the major priority is to get the accurate results. The data is to
be analysed by raising questionnaire and than interpretation is to be committed, so that various
aspects are to be determined regarding the impact of occupational stress and remedies which is
used to overcome from stress.
Theme 1: Age of male employees
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Below 25 25 25.00%
25-35 20 20.00%
35-50 40 40.00%
More than 50 15 15.00%
TOTAL 100 100%

Below 25 25-35 35-50 More than 50
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
25.00%
20.00%
40.00%
15.00% PERCENTAGE
Interpretation: From the above graph it is interpreted that 40% of the male employees
are engaged in the organisation and carrying the activities from 35- 50 age group. It also results
in occurring the majority among most of the employees occurring in this age group. As age
factor determines the capability of employees to handle the targets and achieve work in better
manner. They had the experiences regarding the company working and also had capability to
handle work pressure. As per the research, it is also examined that 25% of the employees are
under the age group of below 25 which means that they had least knowledge and experiences
regarding the organisation working. They get job according to the skills and knowledge but they
are not familiar with the company working techniques. In such perspective, the stress factors
arises as they had least knowledges about the company working. It is also determined that 15%
of the employees are under the age group of above 50 which interpreted that they know about the
changes which occurs in company working and also the demand of the environment also affected
by the company polices. As the style which the company is following is amended as per the new
norms are established. This increases the stress level of the employees and also it is discussed in
the literature review that impact of occupation arises in employees psychological factors.
Theme 2: Years of work experience
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Less than 2 years 10 10.00%
2-5 years 50 50.00%
5- 7 years 30 30.00%
More than 7 years 10 10.00%
TOTAL 100 100%
Less than 2 years
2-5 years
5- 7 years
More than 7 years
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
10.00%
50.00%
30.00%
10.00%
PERCENTAGE
Interpretation: From the stated graph it is interpreted that 50% of the male employees
had worked for 2-5 years and are known with the organisation working. As it is interpreted from
the results that most of the employees had completed 2-5 years and they are not comfortable with
the organisation working. They feels that by facing issue in organisation and getting mental and
physical stress resulting in affecting their personal life. As they are not managing their personal
and professional life in better way and thus resulting in causing many issue in overcoming from
such issue. As it is also discussed in literature review regarding the organisation stress, that
employees are facing in form of job insecurity, work pressure, lack of communication and

pressure from seniors. It is identified that person who has completed 2 years in organisation is
familiar with the company working but still they can attain that due to increasing in experiences,
the work pressure is also increased. As the positive aspects arises that due to giving accurate
work it resulting in enhancing the job position in premises which result in getting double wages
and also other benefits. By this factors it results in increasing the stress level in jobs as they had
to undertake lot of work and provides accurate training, so that they can get productive results.
Theme 3: Comfortable in working within organization
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Yes 10 10.00%
No 60 60.00%
May be 30 30.00%
TOTAL 100 100%
10.00%
60.00%
30.00%
Yes
No
May be
Interpretation: From the above raised question, the results are interpreted on the bases
of examining the interest of employees working in the organisation. As 60% of the employees

are not happy with the services which the organisation is offering to retain the employees interest
for longer time period. As the major reason which they disclosed in respect of not having job
satisfaction is related to work stress which they are giving regarding accomplishing the task
within stipulated time. As employer are giving pressure to employees regarding giving
productive results in set time and if the target is not accomplished, they take strict action which
can be also loss of job. In such perspective by facing mental stress results in occurring lot of
problems and that can be financially and physically. As the family of the employees depends
upon the salary of the employees work committed. In such manner if they cannot attain the work
properly, they didn't get any liberty to compensate such work. As 10% of the employees are
happy in working within organisation. The reason which they shared is relating to getting the
holiday when needed and also they are in need of the jobs. They didn't find any stress in working
within organisation.
Theme 4: Long working hours and heavy workload are the main cause of stress within
organization.
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Long working hours 30 30%
Tight deadlines 20 20%
Job insecurity 15 15%
Heavy workload 25 25%
Lack of autonomy 10 10%
TOTAL 100 100%

30.00%
20.00% 15.00%
25.00%
10.00%
Long working hours
Tight deadlines
Job insecurity
Heavy workload
Lack of autonomy
Interpretation: From the above conducted research from 100 sample participants
included field based, office based male employees and engineers. It has been sought to determine
the fact that, 55% (30%+ 25%) participants said that, long working hours is one of the most
common reason which causes stress within the organization. Long working hours leads to
reduction in performance and productivity of employees. It also leads to low employee
motivation and results in various health problems. Heavy workload leads to higher mental and
physical disorders which eventually leads to diminished productivity and increased risk of
various other problems. Heavy workload also results in higher burnout, higher turnover rate,
absenteeism. Heavy workload have negative effect on the mental health of an individual and
leads to stress. This in turn adversely hamper the work performance of an individual and leads to
lower productivity. Higher workload results in high mental and psychological risk on employees.
On the contrary, heavy workload also results in higher productivity, performance which leads to
increased level of enthusiasm among individual. 20% established the fact that, tight deadlines
results in lower operational productivity. Tight deadline is one of the most common issue which
results in stress. 15% sought to establish that, Job insecurity creates psychological effect on the
mental health on an individual in order to constantly worry about job insecurity.
Theme 5: Job insecurity is one of the major stress which is supported by superiors
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Yes 70 70.00%
May be 10 10.00%
No 20 20.00%
TOTAL 100 100%
70.00%
10.00%
20.00%
Yes
May be
No
Interpretation: From the above discussion, the results are interpreted that 70% of the
employees feel that stress arises in respect of having job insecurity which is mainly supported by
superiors. They set targets which is equal for all the employees. As every employees had
different capability to accomplish the task and the skills which they carry is also different from
others. In such perspective, the stress arises in respect of job insecurity which is major stress for
every employee. As it is also interpreted that the data collected from secondary sources resulting
in determining various issue which is faced by employees in work premises. It is the duty of the
organisation to resolve such issue by providing various benefits which helps them recover for
such stress. In such factors, superiors had to take this initial step to provide open communication
with employees, so that they can discuss the matter easily. They can also discuss the problems

which the employee is facing and through this aspects, they can retain their interest for longer
time period.
Theme 6: Maintaining work life balance is one of the effective way to cope up with stress at
the workplace.
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Talk to supervisor 20 20%
Development of healthy
responses
30 30%
Maintaining work life balance 50 50%
TOTAL 100 100%
20.00%
30.00%
50.00% Talk to supervisor
Development of healthy
responses
Maintaining work life balance
Interpretation: From the above conducted research from 100 sample participants
included field based, office based male employees and engineers. It has been sought to determine
the fact that, to maintaining the work life balance is important for the performance of individual
employee. There are different can be used to reduce the level of stress of people who are working
in the organization. As per the data gathered form corporate people the most preferred ways are

talk to supervisor, development of healthy responses and maintaining work life balance. Views
of employees are different on these methods. As per the 50% employees maintaining the work
life balance is best solution to minimise the stress on the work place there are 30 percent
employees believes that development of healthy responses can help to improve their performance
by reducing their stress level with in the workplace. But there are only 20% employee are
supporting the way to reduce the level of stress by consultation with supervisors. It can be
interpret that most of the employees belies that the work load is one of main reason of stress and
frustration. By reducing the work load to the optimum level can help to keep employees efficient
in their working. People considering the poor response are reason of stress and they think that it
can be reduce by improving the responses.
Theme 7: Stress relaxation techniques, are one of the effective different strategies used by
organization to prevent and help employees to cope with stress.
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Stress relaxation techniques 55 55%
Meditation and relaxation 25 25%
Take time to recharge 20 20%
TOTAL 100 100%

55.00%
25.00%
20.00%
Stress relaxation techniques
Meditation and relaxation
Take time to recharge
Take time to recharge
Interpretation: From the above conducted research from 100 sample participants
included field based, office based male employees and engineers. It has been sought to determine
the fact that, 55% of the participants should focus on guided imagery which helps in simple
visualization. It is very useful in connecting to the inner resource and improves the mental health
of an individual. Guided meditation helps in achieving physical, emotional and mental stress
relief for the employees. 25% individuals should focus on mindful meditation and relaxation
activities in order to effectively cope with the stress at the organization. Meditation is very useful
in enhancing the emotional and physical well being of an individual. 20% respondents said that,
taking in-charge of the responsibilities helps organization to prevent and help employees to cope
with stress effectively.
Theme 8: Prioritizing the time and goals, helps employees cope with workplace stress and
balance home-work life.
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Focus on creating positive
environment
30 30%
Prioritize the time and goals 45 45%
Leverage technology 25 25%

TOTAL 100 100%
30.00%
45.00%
25.00%
Focus on creating positive
environment
Prioritize the time and goals
Leverage technology
Interpretation: From the above conducted research from 100 sample participants
included field based, office based male employees and engineers. It has been sought to determine
the fact that, 45% of the respondents should focus on prioritizing the goals and task on a timely
and efficient manner in order to help employees cope with workplace stress and balance home-
work life. It helps in scheduling all the activities on a timely manner which in turn helps in
maintaining work life balance and also leads to higher productivity at work. 30% respondents
said that, It is very useful in create positive workplace environment. It helps in reducing stress
and is very useful in preventing burnout at workplace. 25% sought to analyse the fact that,
leveraged technology is very useful in transforming the business process and in turn results in
reduced risk, high growth opportunities. This is an effective measure to maintain work life
balance. Organisation to have proper training for the leader for the management of the stress in
the employees.
Theme 9: Effective measures to mitigate occupational stress and bring effective psychological
well being among male and employees in engineering industry

Interpretation: This statement is undertaken by many employees and also the decision is
given by most of the engineering regarding the effectiveness to support employees to reduce
stress level. As the decision is undertaken in respect of motivating employees at the work
premises, so that they feel involved in company crucial decision and also feel part of the
organisation. Company should also support with monetary benefits, so that if they cannot
commit work in stipulated time there salary is not deducted or liberty is given to accomplish
task. To reduce work stress they are given motivational training so that there are less chances of
going into depression or not retaining in jobs for longer time period. Yoda is the best methods to
overcome from all problems. Thus, they had to initiate training session of yoga by shift wise in
addition to their office timing. This motivates employees to overcome from their daily office
issue and they can also manage their personal and professional life easily.
Theme 10: Employees balance their personal and professional life
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Yes, I think 20 20.00%
Neutral 20 20.00%
No 60 60.00%
TOTAL 100 100%

20.00%
20.00% 60.00%
Yes, I think
Neutral
No
Interpretation: From the above graph the results are interpreted as 60% of the
employees are not managing their personal and professional life in better manner. As due to not
recovering from the office stress, the issue arises in family also. As the major aspects is relating
to the mental stress as it is necessary that employee had to balance both family and office. Most
of the reviews are given on the bases of giving over pressure work and also superiors are not
supporting to Handel the work in better perspective. The training is also not given accurately
which resulting in lacking to accomplish the task within the set timing. Through this factor, it
resulting in causing various issue in perspective of taking the stress at home and feeling
depressed from the current working situation. It is also discussed in literature review that
employees cannot balance their personal and professional life easily until the superiors are
supporting and motivating to accomplish the activity within stipulated time.
Theme 11: Impact of work pressures on the psychological well-being of male employees in
engineering
Interpretation: From the above question, the decision is given by 80 samples regarding
the work pressure which is relevant to giving productive and quality results. The major
psychological issue arises in respective of having wider work pressure which is to be set and
accomplished within the set time. Thus, employees work hard to finish the target but by this
factors they are affecting their heath. As every employees is equal in the eyes of company and

thus, they distribute the task equally. But the capability to accomplish the task is different for
different person. Thus, the impact raises in respect of work pressure through which they cannot
manage the time effectively. Thus, in such cases it is the duty of the superiors to give and support
employees if they cannot handle the work pressure. As this motivation can be done through
working as team and the task can be easily accomplished. The work pressure can be easily
resolved if the leader and managers play active role in managing the work.
Theme 12: Work pressure has impact on psychological well being of employees in engineering
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Yes 80 80.00%
No 20 20.00%
TOTAL 100 100%
80.00%
20.00%
Yes
No
Interpretation: From the above stated graph it is interpreted that 80% of the employees
are agree with this statement that work pressure has impact of psychological well being as for
engineering field the demand of innovative and creative work is needed. Thus, work pressure is
determined as employee are forced to bring new techniques at their work place which bring more

profits in company and also they can enhances the business easily. In such cases all the
responsibility arises in hands of the employees as they had to give productive results to company
and than in return get the work experiences based on pay scale. Thus, the impart of work
pressure imposes on bases of bringing new technology in work place so that more productive
results is determined.
Theme 13: Due to over stress there are more chances of symptoms of depression
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Yes 70 70.00%
No 20 20.00%
May be 10 10.00%
TOTAL 100 100%
70.00%
20.00%
10.00%
Yes
No
May be
Interpretation: From the above discussion, the decision are based on the judgement
given by employees regarding stress is one of the major step of depression. By this question, the
judgement is raised by 70% of the engineering employees regarding the decision given on the

aspects related to depression. As depression occurs either facing mental or any other physical
health problems. In this aspects, job insecurity is also one of the concern as if person is not
satisfied with the job or not handle any work pressure in that case depression also occurs. As
they had to manage the family and also had to maintain the living standards so that they can
predict brighter future. This matter is also discussed in literature review by various authors that
the stress is the path of depression which is also one of the crime and influences other to commit
this aspects. As employees feel that to get free from all the issue they commit suicide which in
further affects their family and life. Thus, most of the employees agree that over stress resulting
in causing symptoms of depression among employees.
Theme 14:Office stress affect personal relationship of worker with family or friends.
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Agree 60 60.00%
Neutral 10 10.00%
Disagree 30 30.00%
Interpretation- From above graph it is interpreted that out of 100 percent, 60% of male
workers is agree on stated situation that is related to workplace stress which affect on personal
relation of staff mostly (Neal and Hammer, 2017). In recent time, most of people cannot been

able to balance their professional life which impact on their personal life with family and friends
as well as other individuals in society. Stress causes emotional, behavioural and physical issues
that effect employees health, well being and personal relations. When staff cannot manage their
time at workplace they will not been able to spend time with their family which bring many
difficulties for them as to manage both things equally. On the other hand, 10 % workers does not
make any opinion in above statement they do not have any issues. But 30 % male employees
give their opinion which is different from the others, they think that office stress does not make
any impact on personal life according to them person solve this situation if they faced it. 30
percent are disagree, they feel that professional and personal life is different form each other, it
does not interrelated with each other. When male employees does not mix up their professional
life with the personal life they can easily balanced both which also not affect relationships with
family.
Theme 15: Physical activity is one of the best strategy that reduce stress of work on well being
of male worker.
PARTICULARS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Indulge in physical activity 20 20.00%
Extra time for break 25 25.00%
Get workers out of office 35 35.00%
Effective communication 20 20.00%

Interpretation- As stated above out of 100 respondents, 20 percent of male workers think
that providing physical activity is the best rather than the other strategies can adopt by firm to
reduce work stress on well being of staff mostly on male. Stress related to work of people affect
on their morale as well as performance in workplace (Demerouti and et.al., 2014). By planning
fun activities, organization can reduce stress easily, most of the people in business does not have
time to make fun and enjoy because they take stress of work which is not appropriate for their
health. In this situation when company arrange fun activities and games for staff they can
effectively reduce stress over them and boost up morale which is essential for growth. On the
other hand, 25% respondents feel that when firm give extra time for break it can reduce stress
because at that time people feel free and refresh their mind. With stress free mind worker
perform better and complete work on time efficiently without any mistakes. But 35% people
point of view of quite different from other ones , they think that when employees get out of
office for picnic it refresh their mind and develop healthy responses. On the other side, less than
35 percent 20 % respondents feel that effective communication between management and staff
reduce level of stress because they can easily communicate without any barriers as well as share
experience whether it is bad or good.
Theme 16: Participation of leader is the best opinion for reducing stress in workplace over
male employee’s.

PARTICULARS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Leaders participation 50 50.00%
Collaborative work 50 50.00%
Interpretation- 50% respondents think that leaders participation in work can reduce
workplace stress because they can lead them and provide appropriate guidance that does not
make any confusion in work. Leader set goals for each and every worker, they make flexible
work environment around work place that does not make impact on mental healthy of person.
Furthermore, according to these people leader participation is one of the best way that is helpful
for all workers out in business (Boxall and Macky, 2014). Leader motivate people for performing
better, they give direction how to complete work on time, what methods is appropriate and how
to apply it in work for good results. But one the other side, 50% respondent has different opinion
accordant to these people, collaborative work environment is the best and better than other plans.
Collaborative working is also know as partnership or joint working, that covers different of ways
that two or more people can work together in workplace which also reduce stress among one
person.

DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION
As per the above results it has been identified that the organization take various initiative
to deal with the stress at work place. In engineering industry the stress level of men employees is
high because of the heavy workload, material planning, conflicts in organization, bad relation
with the superior and subordinate etc. The organization take different initiatives to deal with this
stress. They organize the motivational program, paid off leave, tour, family trip etc. it helps them
to remove the stress of employee’s and provide sufficient environment to cope up with company
aims and objectives. It also helps them to accomplish the individual goal with organization goal.
It also identified from the Literature review that strong organization focus on the relation of
employees and employer to minimize the stress of employees (Aranha And et.al., 2017). A
positive relation of employer and employee helps to build strong team and support their work
which indirectly reduces the stress level. The corporate wellness program, conflict management,
motivational program are some initiative taken by the corporate body to help the employees in
stress management and provide a helpful working environment by developing strong relationship
with the top management.
It can be identified from the above result that level of stress affects the psychological well
being. For example high level of work stress negatively affect the psychological well being of
employees while lower level of stress less affect the psychological well being. The top
management support and motivation helps to remove or minimize the stress level and positively
affects the job satisfaction and psychological well being (Riaz and et.al., 2016). The stress level
affect the employees psychology because increasing stress in company affects the performance
and mental health of employees which indirectly or directly generate disease and mental health
issues. Increasing stress level reduces the capacity of engineering industry employees to deal
with the current problems and complete the given task within the time limit. It also reduce the
ability of employees to accept the challenging task because employee think that the challenges
increases work pressure. It directly affects the health and mental peace of employees and reduces
employee retention in the company (Glazer and Liu, 2017). It can also be concluded from the
Literature review part that public sector psychological well being is higher than the private sector
because the work load on employees of private sector is higher than the public sector. In private
sector the working hours is greater than the public sector employees which increases the work

load and mental pressure. The unhealthy environment, conflicts, mismanagement, employee
turnover, poor performance, less growth opportunities etc. negatively affect the well being.
According to the Literature review part it can be analyse that employees can cope up with
the work stress and balance home work life by different ways. Time management is the best way
to balance the personal and professional life. Employee can manage the time by regulating their
daily structure and specify time for each and every activity. It help them to complete the work on
time and also provide time to their families (Goswami and Dsilva, 2019). The balance in the
personal and professional life helps the employees to deal with the stress in more appropriate
manner. The balance in the work stress and home work life is necessary because it helps to
manage the work stress, pressure and improve their performance to gain the competitive
advantages. It also helps to manage personal life by focusing on their health and metal peace. It
can be identified that the occupational stress is increasing day by day because of the increasing
work load and working hours. The tight schedule, busy work life, mental pressure, heavy
workload, changes in organizational activity etc. will affect the performance of employees and
force them to meet the deadline which create tension in their mind. It can be minimized by
preparing a proper structure and increasing accountability & authority of employees. It motivate
the employees and indirectly reduces work pressure in the organisation because each employee is
ready to take the responsibility of their work and voluntary work for the company.
From the literature review part it can be identified that organization take various measure
to mitigate the occupational stress. They conduct the training and development program to
improve the skills and knowledge of male employees of engineering industry. The development
program help them to gain long term knowledge with higher growth and expansion in their life.
It work as international motivation to employees and minimize the stress of the employee’s in
the organization. They also provide the monetary and non monetary benefits to their epployees to
reduce the level of stress (De Clercq and Belausteguigoitia, 2017). Monetary benefits such as
incentive, bonus etc. helps to reduce the stress level by motivate employees that they are
valuable for the company. The non monetary benefits such as family trip, tour, dinner program,
film ticket etc. divert the mind of employees to the office work load and help them to reduce
their stress by spending time with their families.
As per the data analysis part it can be identified that most of the employees believe that
long working hour and heavy workload are the main reason behind the work stress and mental

pressure because the long working hour exhaust the employees to perform their task which
indirectly affect their mental health. Work load reduces the performance of employees which
increase the mental pressure because if employee is not satisfied with their performance than
they feel that their presence and work is not worth-full for the company growth. Most of the
employees believe that maintaining work life balance is an effective way to deal with the
personal and professional life or cope up with the stress at workplace. Employees feel stressed
when they are not able to balance the work life with their personal life because it affects their
relation with the employer and family member which create mental pressure to the employee’s.
To balance their work life they take effective measure such as prepare schedule, compare their
performance with the target, participate in sports, games etc. The participation of employees in
extra activities helps them to build their focus on their work by reducing the mental stress.
According to the data analysis stress relaxation is the best method to prevent with the
mental pressure. Stress relaxation techniques such as exercise, yoga, games etc. helps the
employees to forget the work life stress and again work on the task with new and positive
energy. Many organization conduct indoor and outdoor games for their employees to relax their
body and minimize the stress. In several organization there are separate rest room and games
area for employee’s. The management team conduct games for the employee’s and encourage
them to participate in sports program to feel stress free (Mensah and Amponsah-Tawiah, 2016)
. The yoga section also help employee’s to improve their concentration and deal with the
unexpected problems. Rest room are prepared to take rest for few time because while working
with same task for long time employee’s feel exhausted. As per the psychology long working
hour reduces the ability of employee to think out of the box for the problems. Most of the
employees believe that prioritizing the time and goal helps them to manage the stress level. They
can prioritize the activities and task according to the time limit and contribution in goal. If the
important task are done within the time limit than employees feel stress free and motivated to
complete the rest of the work. At the same time if their work is not managed according to the
deadline than they feel stressed which increases the mental pressure and affect their health.
Data analysis part state that major percentage of employees believe that work pressure
make huge impact on the psychological well-being of engineering industry well being. Work
pressure create mental stress, health issues, dissatisfaction with the current job, imbalance work
life etc. which directly or indirectly affects the productivity and profitability of the company. It

can be identified that over stress increase the symptoms of depression among the employees of
engineering industry. Over stress create dissatisfaction with the job, insecurity, demotion, etc. It
also affects their living standard and lifestyle because of the work pressure or over stress. It can
be identified from the overall study that engineering industry has to work on the stress
management to get their goal with the employees because the occupational stress affects the
performance of employees. Due to the overstress employee depression is increase and they loose
their concentration on their job role which increases the work life imbalance.
RECOMMENDATIONS
It refers to the suggestion provided to the organization to mitigate the work load or stress
of employees in engineering industry. It helps the company to manage their performance by
focusing on the issues of employees related to their job role and organization activity. It also help
to achieve the aims and objectives of research by conducting effective and efficient research.
Recommendations are provided to the researcher to help them in getting success in their research
and improve their work for the future purpose.
 It has been recommended to the company that apart from the training and development
program they have to conduct the meeting in proper time interval with the employees and
provide them opportunity to freely talk about their issues in the company. They also have
to personally talk with each and every employee regarding their working environment
and job role. It help them to identify the ability of each and every employee of their
organization. It also has been suggested that management have to assign the task
according to the ability and skills of employees because if the task is assigned to
unskilled or less able employees than it would affect the performance of the company and
also increases the stress of employee’s.
 It has been suggested to the organization that to mitigate the stress of employees they also
have to offer flexible work environment to the employees along with the monetary and
non monetary incentives. They have to develop the criteria which help the employees to
track their stressors. Employees has to record the activities which create higher stress in
last 2 to 3 weeks. It helps them to identify the problems which create imbalance in work
life. Employee also have to eat healthy and nutrition food to keep themselves energetic
while performing their task. Overall it help them to remove the work stress and mental
pressure in their daily life. The healthy food and proper diet provides the ability to

perform their task with the effectiveness and efficiency. Good sleep also help to mitigate
the stress of employees because improper sleep create tension in the mind of employee
and increases the laziness which directly affect their performance in the organization.
 It also recommend that they have to increase the sample size of employees to investigate
the stress level in the organization. The greater sample size help them to get the higher
views of employees regarding the working environment of engineering industries and the
work stress faced by them at the work place. It also helps the employees and organization
to identify the ways to overcome the stress level by getting views of large number of
respondents. It has been recommend that engineering industry has to focus on their
limitations and work on them. It help them to manage the task in given time time and cost
limit. It also helps to deal with the limited resources for conducting the successful
research for identified the impact of stress on the employee’s of engineering industry.
 It has been suggested that researcher have to prepare proper structure regarding each
activity and time consumed by the activity. They have to prepare a list of task with the
give time limit and regulate the structure in different time interval to identify that
researcher are able to achieve the task or not. The structured format help the researcher to
identify that how well they perform to achieve the aim and objective of company i.e.
identifying the impact of occupational stress on the psychological well being among the
male employees in engineering industry.
CONCLUSION
From above, it has been concluded that occupational stress impact on workers physical
well being in engineering industry. Mostly male employees get affected from workplace stress
that impact on their working abilities and performance. Staff work for longer time in
organization where they need to perform better than other. In order to gain business objectives
and goals pressure among people is increased they has to work more harder rather than now
which make them unable to react normal, employees take stress of work that is not appropriate
for their psychological well being. Organization performing under engineering sector apply
different kinds of techniques and create many plans that is beneficial for them as well as for it
workers. In order to enhance people manager and seniors communicate with them that helps to
understand staff needs, reason for changing their behaviour and mental stress which affect it
productivity and business as well. Communication gap between management and its workers

bring many challenges for people, they cannot been able to share their feelings and thinks that
they faced in workplace. To reduce this gap company arrange meeting where all the people's
interact with each other and share ideas which decrease work stress among male in industry
because it is essential for them. Sometimes in business, manager make pressure on all of the its
workers to perform better because they wants to gain competitive advantages, it is unexpected
pressure that develop stress in mind of person they feel nervous and cannot work normally.
Unexpected responsibilities is also considered as one of the factors that create occupational stress
on physical well being of employees. In current time, firms are taking action against this
situation they decide to divide accountabilities based on person abilities and skills required for
completing the task effectively. Some team members cannot been able to done give work on
time, they take a lot of stress which is not suitable for their mental ability. To increased their
working capabilities firm arrange training session that helps these peoples efficiently and also
increase skills and develop knowledge more than before related to project. Stress occurs in each
and every workplace which has been faced my many people for longer time which effect on their
mental health as well as happiness in life. Stress in business while working is one of the biggest
reason or challenging situation that increased Employee turn over. It has been summarized that
enterprises is responsible for retain talented staff and increased their working skills. They need to
help workers to overcome depression and occupational stress which make negative impact on
their productivity and career growth. Workplace stress is considered as one of the most harmful
factor that is not appropriate for employees working in company. To enhance the productivity
and performance organization used different types of initiatives that helps to prevent workers
from mental depression and stress. Training is the best way to get over with and reduce
employee turnover, it is recommended to businesses for using this technique that support to
retain skilled and knowledgable applicants with them for long period of time. There are many
sources has been described in above report that assist workers to cope up with stress, it help to
improve their abilities as well as skills. In above study, researcher play vital role, as they help to
conduct the overall research effectively and used different kinds of methods which contribute to
present proper findings of results. Researcher choose both research methods, they also select
positivism research philosophy, realism and interpretivism research philosophies, deductive
approach etc. that helps to evaluate better outcomes of investigation. In this report, they chose
descriptive and correlational research design that helps to make outcomes in positive way and

also support to complete whole research successfully. On the bases of questionnaires, researcher
chose 100 respondents because they can helps to gather relevant data and to complete the work
effectively. In end of this study finding and discussion shows the overall concept of this report. It
has been concluded that interpretation give proper outcomes of each questions, provide
appropriate data about the impact of occupational stress on physiological well being of male
workers in engineering industry. Furthermore, many workers with the help of yoga, maintain
time in workplace in workload are able to cope up with occupational stress they can work better
than before that bring many benefits for them such as increase job position and salary because of
hard work. In addition, people are also taking stressed when they get promoted within business
which is good for their professional career, but they are not taking it as opportunity. To reduce
their stress organization make them feel comfortable and give some time to mix up in new
environment.

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QUESTIONNAIRE
1) Age of male employees?
 Below 25
 25-35
 35-50
 More than 50
2) Years of work experience
 Less than 2 years
 2-5 years
 5- 7 years
 More than 7 years
3) Do you find yourself comfortable in working within organization?
 Yes
 No
 May be
4.) According to you what are the main causes of stress within organisation?
 Long working hours
 Tight deadlines
 Job insecurity
 Heavy workload
 Lack of autonomy
5) Do you think that job insecurity is one of the major stress which is supported by superiors?
 Yes
 May be
 No
6). How do you effectively cope up with stress at the workplace?
 Talk to supervisor
 Development of healthy responses
 Maintaining work life balance
7). According to you what are the effective different strategies used by organisation to prevent
and help employees to cope with stress?

 Stress relaxation techniques
 Meditation and relaxation
 Take time to recharge
8). According to you what are the ways in which employees cope with workplace stress and
balance home-work life?
 Focus on creating positive environment
 Prioritize the time and goals
 Leverage technology
9). According to you what are effective measures to mitigate occupational stress and bring
effective psychological well being among male and employees in engineering industry?
10) From your point of view, do you think that employees balance their personal and
professional life?
 Yes, I think
 Neutral
 No
11). What is the impact of work pressures on the psychological well-being of male employees
in engineering?
12). Do you think work pressure has impact on psychological well being of employees in
engineering?
 Yes
 No
13) Do you think that due to over stress there are more chances of symptoms of depression?
 Yes
 No
 May be
14) According to your view, is the impact of office stress affects your personal relationship
with family?
 Agree
 Neutral
 Disagree
15) What are the strategies to reduce occupational stress on well being of employees?

 Indulge in physical activity
 Provide extra time for break
 Get workers out of office
 Effective communication
16) Suggestion in your opinion for reducing the stress at workplace over male workers?

Interview questions
 According to you work pressure impact on mental ability of engineers within
engineering industry?
Interpretation: 1 respondents says that work pressure is affect the mental ability of workers
because it make them unable to think some thing new or different. On the other hand, 1
participants belief that work pressure does not make any impact on mental ability of engineers.
 According to you effective communication can reduce stress?
Interpretation: 1 Respondent states that through effective communication they can share their
reviews and thoughts easily and majorly the stress arise by not sharing the ideas which bring
demotivate at the time of committing work. Similarly other person share their reviews in respect
of adapting the open door concept so that no employees hesitate to communicate any of the
views from superiors.
 How do you reduce stress of work?
Interpretation: 1 respondents share their reviews in form of organizing the task and also
managing the day to day activities so that work is easily managed and also stress in reduced.
The other respondents says that to improve the bad habits such as coming late, distracting
others from work and also not communicating with any person regarding accomplishing task. If
he work on that stage he can reduce the stress level easily.
 According to you how employees maintain their professional life?
Interpretation: 1 respondents share and states that, employees maintain their professional life
by effectively prioritizing the time and accomplishing desired goals and objectives within the
stipulated time. The other respondents state that, employees maintain their professional life by
effectively maintaining work life balance and focus on reducing stress.
 Recommendation in your opinion to enhance the performance of workers impact by
workplace stress?
Interpretation: 1 respondents share and states that, workers enhance the performance of
workers by clearly communicating the tasks and responsibilities to the individuals. The other
respondents state that, workers enhance the performance by organizing the work, avoiding
distractions and manage interruptions.