Epidemiology of Obesity among Adolescent Rugby Union Players

The provided content explores various aspects of adolescent rugby union players in the context of obesity and related issues. The study highlights that Australian obesity rates are increasing faster than anywhere else in the world, with poor diet and lifestyle habits contributing to this trend. It also touches upon the importance of policy change and government intervention to address these issues. Additionally, the content discusses the impact of breastfeeding on obesity and intelligence, as well as the association between obesity and early structural hip damage.

NSB 102 CASE STUDY

Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Main Body.......................................................................................................................................4
Question A...................................................................................................................................4
Question B...................................................................................................................................6
Question C...................................................................................................................................8
Question D ................................................................................................................................11
Conclusion ....................................................................................................................................13
References......................................................................................................................................14
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INTRODUCTION
In the present era people are not paying attention on their health (Dee and et.al, 2014).
The objective of department of health is to promote the well being and create such environment
where families and communities can get to know about the importance of healthy and happier
life (Smithers, Kramer and Lynch, 2015). Present report is based on the obesity which is
common problem in Australia. Records shows that around one person in every four adults is
suffering from this health issue (Harding and et.al, 2014). Earlier obesity was the problem in
adults only but now days children those who are between age of 10 to11 they also suffer from
this issue (Teichtahl. and et.al, 2015). It is the medical condition in which body weight of
persons get s increased that impact negative on its well being. It causes due to wrong life style,
combination of excessive food, lack of physical exerciser or genetic disorder etc (Miller. and
et.al, 2016).
From the survey it is found that mortality rate in increasing and obesity is the preventable
cause of their death (Robinson, Ball and Leveritt, 2014). It is the issue that creates problem of
morbidity, mental illness, heart problems in human being. As per the record of 2014, more than
1.9 billion adults were found overweight (Harding and et.al, 2014). In addition, 41 million
children also found obese it were the shocking results for all. Statistical records show that Pacific
Island is the location which is in the east of Australia where number of obese people is high (Dee
and et.al, 2014). Present report will discuss the impact of poverty on the obesity as health issue.
Several social determinants and their impact on the health will be described in this assignment.
Principals for Australia's health system will be described in this report in order to develop better
understanding about the obesity. Discussion will be done on the values and principals underlying
the Australia health care system (Overweight and obesity, 2017).
MAIN BODY
Question A
Obesity is the major problem in the Australia, now days moist of the adults, children both
men and women are suffering from this health issue (Harding and et.al, 2014). It is the medical
problem in which weight of body gets increased which causes harm to the health of human being
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such as high blood pressure, diabetes etc. Adults can be classified as overweight if BMI of them
are greater than 25.00 and less than 29.99 (Smithers, Kramer and Lynch, 2015).
Poverty is the biggest problem that causes obesity among the population (Teichtahl. and
et.al, 2015). Obesity makes the person more vulnerable and due to this, health risk get emerged
(Smithers, Kramer and Lynch, 2015). There is strong relationship between poverty and obesity
(Lee and et.al, 2016). It is proved that if the person is poor then individual has high risk to suffer
from the obesity (Harding and et.al, 2014). The reason is that poor parents can not afford good or
healthy food for their children and for own self (Harding and et.al, 2014). Apart from this, people
are unaware with the significance of healthy food and regular exercise (Harding and et.al, 2014).
It is universal fact that the person who lives in the impoverished region can not afford the
fresh food (Teichtahl. and et.al, 2015). That impacts negative on their health and that is why they
suffer from many health issues (Dee and et.al, 2014). Poor people have no knowledge about the
healthy diet and importance of fresh food. That is why they eat whatever they get. They are not
educated and have no information about the gym and regular exercise. They just do they work in
order to live their life and ignore their well being (Miller. and et.al, 2016).
Poor people do not look upon the fact that there is high calories in the food hey just eat it
just to stop their hunger (Teichtahl. and et.al, 2015). Poverty impacts on the health negatively
and due to this mortality rate in the Australia is increasing day by day (Smithers, Kramer and
Lynch, 2015). There are many locations where income level of persons are low and in such
locations number of obese patients were high (Harding and et.al, 2014). Report shows that
healthy food is more expensive as compare to less nutritious foods (Miller. and et.al, 2016). That
is why people those who are below the poverty line they are unable to get good food that impacts
on their health and their fats and calories get increased or decreased. That affects their health and
their living life gets reduced. Statistical records show that 1134 children in 10 US cities are
suffering from the obesity and they belong to the poor family (Lee and et.al, 2016).
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Illustration 2: Child obesity due to poor income of parents
Source: (Krause and et.al, 2015)
Question B
One of the great example of obesity is Spackmans, it is the case of one family whose
members were suffering from the obesity and over weight problems (Robinson, Ball. and
Leveritt, 2014). This family was suffering from the overweight and due to this obesity has taken
place among the family members. Their weight has increased to great extent and they were
unable to even enter into the car as well. Spackman family has beard the big challenge and due to
the obesity they have lost their oldest son Mr. Raymond. Weight of Raymond was 300kg which
was too high.
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State government wanted to reduce the growing numbers of obesity patients. After this
case health future commission has provided financial support to such patients. in order to
encourage people to take care of their health and get to k now about the healthy diet. They have
started making people aware with the healthy and nutritious diet and regular exercise (Smithers,
Kramer and Lynch, 2015).
Case study of Spackman family in the Queensland shows that health issue can harm the
human life and can reduce their length of the life. There are many social element that impact on
the health issue to great extent (Robinson, Ball. and Leveritt, 2014). Social factor is one of the
major factors due to this health of human being get affected (Lee and et.al, 2016). From the case
of Spackman it is found that obesity is the genetic problem and if parents are not aware with the
issues and causes then it may affect the health of children as well. If in the history of the family
there are such type of cases then it may be possible that future generation may get suffer from the
same disease. It is the genetic problem if parents are of high weight then their children may get
suffered from the health issue and it may be possible that in children it may be in extreme
condition. It is the genetic problem and also it caused due to negligence of parents (Grima and
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Illustration 3: Spackman family
Source: (Lubans and et.al, 2013)

Dixon, 2013). Furthermore, there are many other social element that impact on the well being of
an individual such as culture, social economic status, food etc. Political aspect is another major
factor hat impact on the health of the population to great extent (Lee and et.al, 2016). If political
persons are aware with the situation them they can take quick action to resolve or minimize the
critical situation from the nation (Smithers, Kramer and Lynch, 2015). For example in the case
of Spackman, state government has taken step and it has started making people aware about the
obesity and its causes so that people of Queensland can be aware. “Person-Centred Care”) is
another factor that impacts on the health of an individual (Lee and et.al, 2016). Medical
professional re required to respect the all racism people, sexism and culturals. They needs to treat
all patients equally. It is essential to respect to follow principals of cultural safety to all medical
professi onals. They have to respect all cultures and behave positive with all patents. That can
help in changing the perpetuating dominating practices of health and social care (Litwak and
et.al, 2014). Spackman family has faced this issue where doctors have not treated the family
good and due to this one of the son of the family got died. Person also needs to be aware about
the issue and individual has to take timely treatment for the obesity. So it is essential that people
pay attention on their health and eat healthy diet and do regular exercise so that number of cases
of obesity can be decreased.
Question C
All disease have treatment methods, if person takes care on time then health of the person
can get improved soon. For preventing from the obesity there are many primary and secondary
care procedures such as:
primary care: Dietary changes: Obesity is the major problem in the Australia and in this body weight
of the patients get increased to great extent. By modifying the diet chart individual can
reduce the fats from the body (Overweight and obesity, 2017). By this way person can
live a good life and fit health. It is necessary to maintain the neutrinos in the diet so that
weight remains in control. Exercise: It is the great care treatment that can help in reducing the obesity issue among
the population. Individual needs to spend one hour daily in physical exercise so that
extra fats can be decreased (Litwak and et.al, 2014). Running, yoga, meditation can help
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in balancing the body weight by this individual will be able to prevent own self from
suffering from the obesity (Australian obesity rates climbing faster than anywhere else
in the world, study shows, 2014).
 Behavior changes: Wrong life style is another reason of occurring the obesity among the
people. If individual pays attention on changing the behavioral so person can be able to
protect own self (Litwak and et.al, 2014).
Secondary care treatment.
 Medication: Beta -Methyle Phenylethylamine, Orlistat, phentermine etc. are drugs that
can help in preventing the people from suffering the obesity (Litwak and et.al, 2014).
Medication is the good secondary process that can minimize the effects of the obesity and
individual well being can be improved (Australian obesity rates climbing faster than
anywhere else in the world, study shows, 2014).
Chronic care model
It is the great concept or principals that help in resolving the issue of obesity among the
audience. This model explains that by establishing the system in which patients and families can
get aware with the causes then they may change their behavior and by this way optimistic
outcome can be come out (Miller. and et.al, 2016). This model explains that environment
condition can be improved by making family, school and community aware. Medical system is
another part that is included in this part that involves information, decision and delivery system
designing areas so that individual health can be improved. It pays attention on the body weight
management rather than disease management.
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Health belief model
It is another model of preventing from the obesity to the population. It helps the
practitioners in identifying the health behavior of an individual so that they can give proper care
to the clients and their health can be improved (Krause and et.al, 2015).
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Question D
Government of Australia has taken essential steps for improving the health condition on
the population so that mortality rate can be reduced in the nation. There are many principles that
helps in the improvement of the well being of individuals (Krause and et.al, 2015). Cultural
safety principals help the medical professional in performing their duties well.
Professionals need to respect all cultures. They need to accept the heritage of cultural c
colonization. Health professionals needs to identify their power and perform their work better so
that they can deliver good care to the society.
Principals 1
This principal aims to improve the well being of the patients and it emphases on positive
well being outcome.
Principals 2
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Cultural safety is trying to enhance their delivery system, of the health care system so that
patients can get good care from the medical professionals. It will support in improving their
health condition significantly (Miller. and et.al, 2016).
Principal 3
It is the value which pays attention on the inequality within the health care system and
authorities try to give more education to the public so that they can get aware with the system
and can improve their health (Miller. and et.al, 2016).
Government has made some standards under which it is essential for the medical
professional to provide good personal care to the patients so that they can improve soon and they
can live a healthy life. Practitioners have to look upon this element and have to provide them
advanced treatment so that motility rate can be reduced in the nation (Krause and et.al, 2015).
Code of ethics
 Medical professionals are required to provide quality care to people.
 Practitioners need to behave clam and kind with others, they have to value the patients.
 Nurses are required to ethically manage the information and accordingly perform their
duties.
 Collaboration with others is another principals and code of ethics which are required to
maintain by the medical professionals.
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 Trust and confidentiality is another principal that needs to be maintained.
 Dignity needs to be maintained.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be articulated that health is the essential factor, it is
necessary that people pay attention on their well being. Poor people do not look upon the fact
that there is high calories in the food they just eat it just to stop their hunger. Poverty impacts on
the health negatively and due to this mortality rate in the Australia is increasing day by day.
There are many locations where income level of persons is low and in such locations number of
obese patients bare high. Person also needs to be aware about the issue and individual has to take
timely treatment for the obesity. So it is essential that people pay attention on their health and
eat healthy diet and do regular exercise so that number of cases of obesity can be decreased.
Authorities are continuously arranging the programs to make people aware with the causes of
obesity so that number of cases of patients those who are suffering from the disease can be
minimized. By making changes in behavior and diet and by Weight loss surgery cases of obesity
can be minimized.
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