Impact of Social Media on Youth Behaviour Change: A Case Study of University of Melbourne Students

Running head: Statistics 1
Impact of Social Media on Youth Behaviour Change: A Case Study of University of
Melbourne Students
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Introduction
The present type of media with varying features is social media. It has a combination of
several facilities on the same channel such as communication, messaging, sharing of videos,
pictures, and audios. Moreover, it is the most economical and efficient form of media thus
making it accessible to all age groups (Lenhart, Purcell, Smith, & Zickuhr, 2010). Studies
have pointed out an upsurge in social media usage among the Australian youth. According to
the Australian Bureau of Statistics survey on social media use, Australia has most of the
social media users globally with approximately 60% (15 million) of the total population
being active on Facebook and around 50% logging into Facebook each day (Cowling, 2018).
The study by Macpherson (2013) on digital media use among Australian teenagers found out
that 95% of the students owned a mobile phone (smartphone) and 49% of them slept with it
turned on all the time. Iqbal, Ali, and Iqbal, (2017) observes that the increasing shift of
internet use among youths has significantly increased its impact on youth behavior. Studies
have unanimously agreed that the frequent use of social networks affects one’s lifestyle with
a more significant impact being felt on the youths (Shabir, Hameed, Safdar, & Gilani, 2014;
Iqbal, Ali, & Iqbal, 2017). The research by Iqbal, Ali, and Iqbal, (2017) found out that social
media usage among the youth had positive results such as the creation of awareness and as an
educational tool. However, studies by Richards, Caldwell, and Go (2015) found out that the
increased use of social media among teenagers and children had a negative impact on their
health and well-being. Based on the substantial implication that social media has on the
Australian youth, in addition to the existence of a dearth of information on the same; this
research seeks to ascertain the influence that social sites have on youth behavior change with
a particular focus on Australian youth.

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Research Questions and Hypothesis
According to the researcher’s literature review, a lot of research has been done on the effects
of social media on youth behaviour (Lenhart, Purcell, Smith, & Zickuhr, 2010; Macpherson,
2013; Valenzuela, Arriagada, & Scherman, 2012) but with very minimal focus on the context
of Australian youth. In order to fill this gap, two research questions are proposed: first, “What
is the routine use of social media among the Australian youth?”, and secondly, “What are the
impacts of social media usage among the Australian youths?” Five hypotheses have been
developed and are to be tested in the study. These include: “The youth of Australia are
utilizing social media as an opportunity for learning and source of entertainment.” “Social
media negatively influence the health and well-being of youths, increases violence, and
increased sexual behaviors”.
Unit of Analysis
Since the study aims at examining the effects of social media on Australian young people,
assessing the youths of Australia is essential to respond to the research questions (Bachman
& Schutt, 2013). The independent variable stems from the unit of analysis; Australian youths
(University of Melbourne students), that is, social media usage. The dependent variable is the
impacts of social media use on Australian youth. More specifically, three dependent variables
represent the implications of social media usage on youth; health and wellbeing, violence and
sexual behavior.
The demographics for the independent variables will nominally be measured in terms of
gender (‘Female’=1; ‘male’=2; ‘other’ = 3), with ordinal measurements for age (’17-22
years’=1; ’23-28’ =2; 29-34’ =3; ‘35+years’ =4), level of education (‘Diploma’ =1;
‘Bachelor’s Degree’ = 2; ‘Postgraduate’ = 3; ‘Master’s Degree’ = 4; ‘Doctorate’ = 5), number
of hours spent on social media per day (‘1 hour’=1; ‘2-5 hours’=2; ‘5-ten hours’=3; ‘over ten
hours’ = 4). Furthermore, ordinal measurements will include the activity when accessing any