Meta-Study of Qualitative Research

This assignment involves a meta-study of qualitative research papers in the field of healthcare, social work, and psychology. The study aims to understand the concept of spirituality and its role in end-of-life care, as well as patient-centered health care, family-centered care for children with special needs, and assessment of dementia caregiver needs. The assignment also explores common mental health problems in immigrants and refugees, clinical pharmacology of resveratrol, and clinical impact of different classes of infiltrating T cells in patients with colorectal cancer. Additionally, it discusses the Disability Discrimination Act and the Equality Act.

Health PromotionHealth Promotion

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Impact of socio economic factors on health..........................................................................1
1.2 Relevance of government sources in reporting on inequalities............................................2
1.3 Reasons for barriers to accessing health care........................................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
2.3 Role of routines in promoting healthy living........................................................................3
3.1 Relation of health beliefs with theories of health behaviours...............................................4
3.2 Possible effects of potential conflicts with local industry on health promotions..................4
3.3 Significance of health related information for public...........................................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
Covered in PPT...........................................................................................................................6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................6
4.1 Covered in poster..................................................................................................................6
4.2 Support of health promotion campaign in health promotion strategies................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Health is a factor which has a huge influence in a human life, organisations which are
working the health and social care has to promote their services for social benefits. This project
is having based on NHS and it will focus on the impacts of socio economic factors on health,
relevance of government sources on inequalities and barriers for accessing health care in the first
part of this report (Tracy and et. al., 2013). After this, it will describe significance of health
related information provided by Ayesha given in case study for UK public, impacts of potential
conflicts of local industry on health promotion. At last of this report will provide a promotional
campaign for specific objectives and it will explain support of promotional campaign for health
promotional strategies.
TASK 1
1.1 Impact of socio economic factors on health
Socio economic factors creates a huge impact on the health of a persona and specially on
those which are having a huge specific needs of medical treatment, here some factors are
explained in below mentioned points;
Income: it creates a huge impact on the purchase power of a customer so it makes a huge impact
on the people which are having a need to take a proper treatment regarding to their disabilities
and diseases. Many of the people can not take appropriate medical services due to lower income
so this factors works as a barriers in this.
Education: it creates a huge impact on the understanding level of a person and in the context of
the health promotions and taking health assistance, it creates a huge impact on people which are
having a need to take a medical treatment (Arcila and et. al., 2011). Medical services has a huge
need that people has to understand what type of treatment will be beneficial according to their
disease, another thing is that they can be more able to define about their health to health and care
person.
Environment: It creates a major impact on people, because surroundings put a lot of impact on
those things which people intake. Increasing air pollution is a major challenge for the health care
organisation because many of the diseases are occurring by this and it is making huge impact on
human health. Polluted air and water put an impact on over all body which makes a person
disable in a slow process.
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1.2 Relevance of government sources in reporting on inequalities
A difference in between efforts of the government providing health care in public domain
and population of group can be stated as an inequalities in health (Baggett and et. al., 2010).
Health care is a sector which has a huge control of government, they makes strategies for a
whole region and it is their duty to implement this strategy by proper distribution but some time
due to some factors it creates a huge impact on providing this in to different sectors. Government
has a made many bodies which works to make a proper distribution of medical services in each
and every part of the nation.
Health care sector is divided in to two parts one is public and another is private, both
sector has to be work according to government policies so they have to make a proper services
which can help to them to provide a better services in the public domain. Government sources
are having huge relevancy in reporting of inequalities of services, because most of the data is
collected by the NHS and other organisations which are working in health and social care sector
to provide a better services to their targeted audiences. It is essential for the government bodies
to ensure that all services which are provided by the health and social care organisation has to be
appropriate according to needs and distributed in all areas of nation (Buykx and et. al., 2010).
Facilities like; a particular general laboratory test has to be provided by all type of public and
private health care organisation if a region is has a need of this type of facility so government
bodies has to send this report to their higher authorities.
1.3 Reasons for barriers to accessing health care
UK government is focused to improve their health and social services any how but some
major factors are impacting on the accessing health care in public domain. Many of the people
neglect their diseases and health issues which is a major cause of barriers in providing and
developing health care for general public. Most of the people does not take advise for simple
cold and fever which is a major cause for internal diseases of lungs, so it is essential that people
has to be aware about their health and they have to take a proper and appropriate treatment for
their diseases.
Another reason for this is that all of the people which are living in the competitive
environment and they does not have enough time to take an advise of doctor for health treatment
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so now it is essential for the people to give a proper importance to their he health related issue by
which they van perform better in their personal life.
Promotion also can be a major reason in this because governments has a many policies to
provide a better treatment to public but with out promoting them in to public domain, but lack
promotions makes them ineffective for service users and for those who wants to take this and
which are having a huge a need of this (Tosolini and et. al., 2011).
So these are some major factors which are working as a barrier in accessing health and
social care in society so it is essential for the government to make a proper action against it
which can help to them to provide a better services and increasing accesses of these services for
those which are targeted people.
TASK 2
2.3 Role of routines in promoting healthy living
Daily routine plays a major role in making a person healthy, most of the people are
affected by the busy schedule so it is essential for the people to manage their time and overcome
on the schedule which can help to them to make a better health. A proper schedule determine
health of a people so unsystematic routine can harm on physical and metal level of people so it is
essential for individuals to keep a proper and appropriate schedule by which a person can
manage time for routine exercises to maintain his health.
It is essential for the person to early awake in morning which can help to them to make a
proper schedule of their daily routine activities which can help to them to separate their time for
for self development. A morning walk can help to a person to make a better health. Daily routine
plays a huge to make a person active and alive in his life so energy level is also based on this so
it is essential for a person to keep their work in a schedule which can help to them to make a
better daily routine (Patel and et. al., 2010). Sleeping disorder is a big problem of people which
are working in a high working pressure so it is essential for the people to make a better change in
their life by which they can maintain their health. Routine sets an internal clock or body clock
which impacts on digestive system, sleeping time, hunger, energy level and mental activeness so
it is essential for people which are suffering from busy professional schedule.
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3.1 Relation of health beliefs with theories of health behaviours
Health beliefs are much more important for identifying health behaviour. This also helps
an individual in accomplishing his health related goals. Mainly there are two important model of
health which are direct and symbolic modelling. In direct modelling, people observe other to
engage in a specific behaviour (Marziali, McCleary and Streiner, 2010). On the other side,
symbolic modelling individual change their behaviour according to the aspects which are
portrayed in the media. Both of model involves various stages which are following as under:
Pre contemplation: According to this, individual are unaware of health related problems. In
simple words, underestimates the consequences of something.
Contemplation: In this, people makes a change in their behaviour or get aware about
something.
Preparation: In this stage, individual get committed to make change in a specific time period.
Action: In this, people starts taking action to accept change.
Maintenance: This is known as last stage in this, individual try to sustain his/her change for
lifelong.
3.2 Possible effects of potential conflicts with local industry on health promotions
Through promoting various health related campaigns, industries of food, tobacco and
liquor can face various big problems and obstacles. These business industries must have to
follow different rules and regulations of central government which are made to promote health
related issues. Legal considerations can help general public to get aware about different issues
regrading health. Some problems which are faced by above mentioned industries are following
as under:
Alcohol Industry: Various health promotion programs make people aware about different
advantages of drinking alcohol (Marmot and et. al., 2012). This can cause many serious injuries
which can lead individual to death. So central government are making various tax policies so that
sale of alcohol can be minimised.
Food Industry: Legal authorities have made various rules and regulation for food industry,
Which force them to produce products and services in an effective and systematic manner so that
general people can get more hygienic food products. So it is mandatory for food industries to
provide products with high nutrients.
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Tobacco Industry: In health promotion campaigns, this type of business enterprise get highly
effected. Due to negative side effects of tobacco's items central government have banned its
promotional activities and also imposing high level of tax on its retailing.
Hence, these are the main industries which have to face various complication due to
health promotion campaigns. Due to high taxes, these business have faced high financial loss and
also get negative image in market place.
3.3 Significance of health related information for public
Continuous promotion of health and safety by the health department of government,
individual are becoming more healthy in their daily working life. Healthy people can contribute a
lot in economic development of country (Care Quality Commission, 2012). It is very much
essential for national growth to promote health related campaigns. Just like that an organisation
also needs healthy employees so that its can different goals and objectives can be achieved.
There are various points which shows the importance of why health promotion is required and
these are following as under:
Healthy individual: With the help of health promotion campaigns, people can get aware about
various health related issues. Appropriate knowledge of health related measures force individual
to manage his/her health in his/her personal as well as in professional life. Healthy people can
make extra efforts to accomplish organisational goals and objectives, also they are known as
most powerful persons.
Improvement: If there is healthy people in country then it is beneficial for its future growth.
Because they will help in improvement of over all nation. In simple words, with the yelp of
healthy individuals nation growth of nation can be much more effective, high and systematic.
Better environment: Prohibition of smoking and drinking at public place can improve healthy
environment. It can also make pollution free country which can enhance its growth and
development in a very short period.
Development: Improvement and development of a nation totally lies upon that how healthy its
citizens are (Kuo, Mac Bird and Tilford, 2011). If country have huge number of healthy people
than it can increase its economic and social development in all over the world.
Safety ad security: Through providing high security and safety in all over country, central
government can make its citizen safe from terrorist activities and other kind of disaster.
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Hence, these are some important points through which it can be determined that why
health promotion campaigns are highly required for over all growth and development of country.
In recent time, increment in accidents and various health issues have force promotion of health
related issues, which has become most important need of present scenario (Kirmayer and et. al.,
2011).
TASK 3
Covered in PPT
TASK 4
4.1 Covered in poster
4.2 Support of health promotion campaign in health promotion strategies
In recent time, various health promotion campaigns are taking place to promote the health
issue of different individuals (Gleghorn and et. al., 2010). Through this people can get aware
about various aspects of health and safety which have become more essential part of their
personal life. There are many elements which helps supports health promotion campaign in
different health promotion strategies and these are following as under:
Create supportive environment: It is the responsibility of every business organisation to
support its management department so that it can make healthy environment. In which employers
and employees can work with mutual understanding and also can provide better products and
services to their customers (Hodge and Horvath, 2011). So health promotion campaigns helps in
increase awareness of safety and security related issues through which employees can protect
them self from dangerous process of organisation.
Build various health policies: It is very much important for business organisation to make
various health related policies so that health issues of employees can be solved. In simple words,
if a company wants to increase its probability then its is required to provide various facilities to
its employees so that they can feel themselves safe and contribute a lot in accomplishing
organisational goals and objectives.
Use promotional and advertisement activities: With the help of various promotional and
advertisement activities organisation can promote health issue within workplace also in general
public. It can help in building positive corporate image of company in competitive market place.
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Hence, these are some organisational activities and practices through which enterprise
can support health promotions campaigns in promoting health related issues.
CONCLUSION
The above presented report has been concluded about the health promotions in UK,
income, education and environment creates a huge impact on the health promotions because
education. Government play crucial role in reporting inequalities, they make rules and
regulations which has to be followed by private as well as public organisations. This sector face
various kind of barriers which create hurdles at the time of execution of effective plan relation of
health promotion. Routine is considered as the root cause of various problems, if someone
include healthy habits in his/her routine than they can easily live a happy life. Their are many
theories which either have direct or indirect relation with health beliefs.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Arcila, M. E., and et. al., 2011. Rebiopsy of lung cancer patients with acquired resistance to
EGFR inhibitors and enhanced detection of the T790M mutation using a locked nucleic
acid-based assay. Clinical Cancer Research. 17(5). pp.1169-1180.
Baggett, T. P., and et. al., 2010. The unmet health care needs of homeless adults: a national
study. American journal of public health. 100(7). pp.1326-1333.
Buykx, P., and et. al., 2010. Systematic review of effective retention incentives for health
workers in rural and remote areas: Towards evidence‐based policy. Australian Journal
of Rural Health. 18(3). pp.102-109.
Care Quality Commission, 2012. The state of health care and adult social care in England in
2011/12 (Vol. 763). The Stationery Office.
Edwards, A., and et. al., 2010. Review: The understanding of spirituality and the potential role of
spiritual care in end-of-life and palliative care: a meta-study of qualitative research.
Palliative Medicine. 24(8). pp.753-770.
Epstein, R. M., and et. al., 2010. Why the nation needs a policy push on patient-centered health
care. Health Affairs. 29(8). pp.1489-1495.
Gleghorn, J. P., and et. al., 2010. Capture of circulating tumor cells from whole blood of prostate
cancer patients using geometrically enhanced differential immunocapture (GEDI) and a
prostate-specific antibody. Lab on a chip. 10(1). pp.27-29.
Hodge, D. R. and Horvath, V. E., 2011. Spiritual needs in health care settings: A qualitative
meta-synthesis of clients' perspectives. Social Work. 56(4). pp.306-316.
Kirmayer, L. J., and et. al., 2011. Common mental health problems in immigrants and refugees:
general approach in primary care. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 183(12).
pp.E959-E967.
Kuo, D. Z., Mac Bird, T. and Tilford, J. M., 2011. Associations of family-centered care with
health care outcomes for children with special health care needs. Maternal and child
health journal. 15(6). pp.794-805.
Marmot, M., and et. al., 2012. WHO European review of social determinants of health and the
health divide. The Lancet. 380(9846). pp.1011-1029.
Marziali, E., McCleary, L. and Streiner, D. L., 2010. Evaluation of an assessment battery for
estimating dementia caregiver needs for health and social care services. American
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias®. 25(5). pp.446-454.
Patel, K. R., and et. al., 2010. Clinical pharmacology of resveratrol and its metabolites in
colorectal cancer patients. Cancer research. 70(19). pp.7392-7399.
Tosolini, M., and et. al., 2011. Clinical impact of different classes of infiltrating T cytotoxic and
helper cells (Th1, th2, treg, th17) in patients with colorectal cancer. Cancer research.
71(4). pp.1263-1271.
Tracy, C. S., and et. al., 2013. The IMPACT clinic innovative model of interprofessional
primary care for elderly patients with complex health care needs. Canadian Family
Physician. 59(3). pp.e148-e155.
Online
Disability Discrimination Act (DDA). 2016. [Online]. Available through:
<http://www.rnib.org.uk/information-everyday-living-your-rights/disability-
discrimination-act-dda>. [Accessed on 3 July 2017].
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What is the Equality Act?. 2017. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/equality-act-2010/what-equality-act>.
[Accessed on 3 July 2017].
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