Implementing Change in Public Health and Health Promotion

This report discusses the negative effects of alcohol addiction and its use on the minds, health and behaviour of the service users. It identifies interventions for controlling alcohol addiction within the United Kingdom by implementing them with Public Health System of United Kingdom. The report also includes a set of strategies in order to implement the intervention, evaluate its success and finally discuss its impact.

IMPLEMENTING CHANGE IN
PUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTH
PROMOTION
(PART -2)

Table of Contents
PART-B...........................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
Background..................................................................................................................................3
Plan for implementing change in Public Health and health promotion.......................................5
Intervention..................................................................................................................................6
Evaluation Plan............................................................................................................................8
Discussion and Implications........................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

PART-B
INTRODUCTION
Alcohol can be described as a substance which is toxic in nature which helps individuals
in lowering their stress but leads to a number of negative effects on the health of an individual.
Alcohol addiction can be understood as excessive use and dependence of people on this
substance. The present study is based on determining the negative effects of alcohol addiction
and its use on the minds, health and behaviour of the service users. The report aims to identify
interventions which can be used for controlling the alcohol addiction within the united Kingdom
by implementing them with Public Health System of United Kingdom. Moreover, the present
study involves a set of strategies in order to implement the intervention, evaluate its success and
finally discuss its impact.
MAIN BODY
Background
There are a number of factors which contributes towards making the alcohol addiction a
public health issue within the boundaries of United Kingdom. Based on the research, it has been
identified that:
 In United Kingdom, around 602,391 people consume alcohol on a daily basis and are
dependent on alcohol for their survival (Volkow, 2020). The study states that only 18%
of the dependent drinkers are opting for treatments in order to control their drinking
behaviour and make a change in their drinking pattern.
 About 27% of the dependent drinkers binge drink on a regular basis and it has been
determined that men consumers around 8 units regularly and women consumes about 6
units on a daily basis.
 Alcohol addiction is one of the major causes of death, bad health and development of
disabilities within individuals in the age group 15-49 years.
 Alcohol addiction is a leading factor which is contributing to the development of around
60 diseases in an individual. The leading medical conditions developing due to excessive
consumption of alcohol includes mouth cancer, liver cancer, throat cancer, breast cancer,
depression, anxiety and high blood pressure.

 As per the records of the year 2019-20, in United Kingdom, a number of 976,425 hospital
admissions were done specifically for the treatment of alcohol addiction (Ramalho,
2020.). The number rose by 12% as compared to the statistics of the year 2016-17.
 Alcohol addiction is one of major contributors of the increasing crime rate in United
Kingdom. According to a study, it has been determined that in the year 2015-16, that
among the total crimes that took place, an estimate of around 39% of the violent incidents
included the offender to be in the influence of alcohol while committing that crime.
Therefore, it can be stated that alcohol addiction is one of the leading public health issue
existing within the boundaries of United Kingdom which demands an intervention for solving
the issue. This makes it important for the community service providers to take certain steps in
order to control the drinking pattern of individuals which leads to alcohol addiction. The
intervention for eradicating the issue of alcohol addiction, the community service provider
should educate the public about the negative side effects of consuming alcohol and influence the
individuals to take action to end its use from their lives before they get addicted with its use.

Plan for implementing change in Public Health and health promotion
Inputs
 Data on alcohol addiction.
 Age group of people that
falls under the category of
alcohol addiction.
 Policies and regulations
needs to formed for the
purpose of reducing the
consumption of individuals.
Local programmes
 Conducting of health and
safety programmes in
schools and college
universities in order to
create awareness within
young individuals.
Stakeholders
 Department of health.
 Students
 Young individuals.
 Society as a whole
Public health organizations
Activities
Formulation
 Develop new policies
and regulation that helps
in minimising alcohol
consumption.
 Collect information
relevant to the methods
which can help in
elimination of the issues
related alcohol
consumption and
addiction.
 Provide the general
public with the
Outputs
 Addressing the
issue
 Public
awareness
 Alterations in
the policies
related to the
use of alcohol.
 Minimising
the number of
potential
patients with
respect to the
alcohol ..addic
tion.
 Alter
 Apply
 Intervene
 Continue
Enactment of policies
Role of Public Health
Department.
Rehabilitation centres
Outcomes
Short term: Awareness among the young individuals about the negative consequences of alcohol
consumption and how it can deteriorate one’s health.
Intermediate: Develops an understanding towards the consumption of alcohol and restraining themselves
from the same.
Long term: Reduction in the number of cases with respect to alcohol addiction.

Intervention
There are certain ways in which the community service providers and the health care
service providers can take steps to provide interventions to the service users in relation to their
alcohol addiction. The intervention will help the service users in controlling their desire to
consume alcohol and thus, help them in improving their health conditions. The possible ways of
providing intervention includes:
Communication
Firstly, it is important for the community service provider to communicate their concerns
with regard to the health conditions of the individuals who are suffering from the chronic
disorder of alcohol addiction (Plotnikoff, and et.al 2019.). It is essential for the service provide
to communicate to the service users about the harmful impacts of consuming alcohol and how it
can deteriorate the health of an individual. Most of the individuals who are suffering from the
issue of alcohol addiction do not even realize that they are currently suffering from a health issue
which needs to be cured. By communicating with them openly, the community service provider
can educate them on how they can seek help, how their health disorder can be solved if they get
ready for the medication, and how their health condition will get better if they agree to end their
dependence on the alcohol by slowing the decreasing the quantity consumed by them.
Identification of the cause
A number of people initiate drinking alcohol when they are suffering from prolonged
conditions relating to stress, anxiety, or depression (McCrady, Epstein, and Fokas, 2020).
Therefore, before one could provide the service users with remedies to stop the use of alcohol
addiction, it is essential for the community service provider to determine the cause of drinking of
an individual. There might be a possibility that the service user is already suffering from an
underlying condition that lead to excessive drinking and alcohol addiction. For the same reasons,
it is important for the health care providers to determine the cause of their drinking in order to
provide them with a solution.
Concrete examples
It is essential for the community service providers to indulge those individuals with their
community service who were successful in ending their dependence on the alcohol. Presenting
those individuals which were successful in quitting their consumption of alcohol in front of the
service users and let them share their story including what lead them towards the use of alcohol,

how it affected their lives negatively, how did they realized that they are suffering from the
alcohol addiction, how they reach out for help and lastly they were successful in quitting its use
(McCaul, and et.al 2019.). This will help the community service providers to encourage people
for reaching out for help and giving them a ray of hope that they can also quit consuming alcohol
and back to normal.
Encouraging medication
The community service providers should encourage the use medication in order to control
the desire to consume alcohol by the service users. It is the responsibility of the community
service provider to educate the public about how medication can be useful in curing the public
health issue of alcohol addiction. The community service provider should encourage the service
users to seek help and opt for medication for the purpose of reducing the consumption of alcohol
by them. This will help the community service to decrease the number of patients who are
currently suffering from the health issue of alcohol addiction.
Counselling and therapy
It is necessary for the community service provider to ensure that the service users know
all of their options which can help them with their condition (Marcellin, and Kutala, 2018). The
therapy sessions or counselling sessions can be of help for the individuals who are currently
facing issues with alcohol addiction in changing their behaviour towards the alcohol, identifying
the reasons which attracts the service users towards the alcohol and also determining those
factors which works as a trigger for the individuals.
Implementation strategy
For the purpose of implementing the intervention in order to control the alcohol addiction
within the individuals, there should be implementation of certain strategies which can help the
service provider. These include:
Health Protection Programmes
The community service providers or the health care service providers in United Kingdom
should introduce Health Protection Programs in order to educate the service users about several
information in relation to the consumption of alcohol. By conducting Health Protection Program
s, the community service providers can influence the service users and create awareness among
them as how alcohol is a toxic substance and is capable of ruining the lives of young people.
This main objective of Health Protection Program is to educate the people about the

consequences of consuming alcohol and if in case, someone is suffering from alcohol addiction,
they have the option to seek help through medication, counselling, and therapy sessions. With
the help of health protection programmes, the community service providers can conduct
programs in schools, educationals institutions, different types of organization in order to educate
the young children about excessive consumption of alcohol can lead to its addiction and is
capable of affecting the lives of the young people.
Rehabilitation Centres
Educating the service users and creating awareness among them is not enough. The
community service providers should coordinate with trovhe government authorities and provide
the service users with rehabilitation centres within the national boundaries of UK (Luigjes, and
et.al 2019). The higher the number of rehabilitation centres within the country, the better it will
be for the service users as there will more number of care takers who can help the individuals in
controlling their toxic needs of consuming alcohol. The rehabilitation centres can help the
individuals who are dealing with issues with respect to the excessive consumption of alcohol by
admitting them within the care facility and providing them with relevant treatment.
Launching of Health Campaigns
The community service providers should timely launch health campaigns in schools,
colleges, companies, non-governmental organizations and any other kind of organization for the
purpose of creating awareness in the public. Launching of a campaign in schools will help the
community service provider in influencing the minds of young children and discouraging the use
of alcohol within themselves. It is important to educate the children about the negative
consequences of alcohol when they are young in order to develop a withdrawing behaviour in
them towards the use of alcohol. Similarly, conducting of a campaign in different kinds of
organization will help those individuals who are currently suffering from this chronic issue and
let them know their options to seek help. This will the community service providers in
decreasing the use alcohol and providing intervention to alcohol addicted people.
Evaluation Plan
The community service providers need to evaluate the success of their strategies to create
awareness within the individuals in order to determine whether the strategies are benefiting the
service users or not (Esser, and Jernigan, 2018). For the same, there are a number of strategies

which can be used by community service providers to determine the effectiveness of a health
promotion campaign. They are:
Conducting surveys
In order to determine the impact of the health protection programmes and health
promotion campaigns, the community service providers can conduct a survey in the Health Care
Institutions. The main objective behind conducting this survey is to determine the effectiveness
of the health protection schemes and health promotion campaigns. The community service
providers can record the exact number of people who are dependent on alcohol and comparing it
with the figures recorded before the introduction of health protection scheme. If there is an
increase in the number of patients, it can be understood as the effectiveness of the campaign as it
means that more people are preparing themselves to seek medical help. Surveys are helpful in
determining the impact of strategies which have been implemented in order to determine the
success of the plan. With the help of surveys among the service users, the community service
providers can easily determine if they are being able to succeed in terms of providing education
to the users or not.
Assembling insights
Before conducting the health promotion campaign and launching the health protection
schemes, the community service providers gather the important insights. Similarly, they gather
the statistics while carrying out the programmes and also after successful completion of the
programmes (Chodkiewicz, and et.al 2020). This helps the community services providers in
evaluating the success of the health promotion campaign as well as the health protection schemes
by comparing the numbers and determining the extent to which the campaign was successful in
educating the service users.
Collecting insights from rehabilitation centres
The collections of statistical information from the rehabilitation centres can also be of
great help for the community service provider in evaluating the performance and the success of
the health protection programmes and health promotion campaign. If it is found that there is an
increase in the number of admissions related to alcohol addiction in the rehabilitation centres,
this means that the health promotion campaign has been successful in creating awareness among
the individuals to seek for medication and reach out for help if they find themselves attached to

alcohol addiction. This means that people want to quit the consumption of alcohol and therefore,
they are approaching rehabilitation centres.
Discussion and Implications
Conducting of health promotion campaigns and health protection scheme will help the
community service providers in bringing a positive change and outcome in the service users
(Carvalho, and et.al 2019). There are a number of health benefits associated to quitting the
consumption of alcohol which are presented below:
Improved mental health
As per the results of a research, it has been identified that many individuals start
consuming alcohol because of their stress, anxiety, and depression. However, they do not realize
the fact that consumption of alcohol harms the mental health of an individual and makes it even
worse. The reduction of consumption of alcohol by individuals can Therefore, if people decide
to quit drinking alcohol, they might see an improvement in their mental health.
Decreased risk of cancer
As per studies conducted by the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention,
consumption of alcohol increases the risk of developing cancer within the individuals (Campbell,
and et.al 2018). Alcohol can be a cause for the growth cancer in human beings including its
various kinds such as breast cancer, oral cancer, throat cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer,
oesophageal cancer and laryngeal cancer. Therefore, restricting the consumption of alcohol by an
individual can decrease the chances of individual getting exposed to the risk of developing
cancer.
Decrease in the risk of cardiovascular diseases
The people have a habit of consuming alcohol heavily on a regular basis are at a high risk
of developing cardiovascular diseases. In accordance to the results received in a survey, it has
been identified that those individuals who consume alcohol have twice the chances of suffering
from a cardiovascular attack within 24 hours of consuming the alcohol in comparison to those do
not consume alcohol. Moreover, it has also been determined that the individuals who consume
alcohol have 6 times high chances of experiencing an attack within a week as compared to those
do not consume alcohol at all.
Therefore, it is important for the community service providers to implement the strategies
stated above for the purpose of controlling the use of alcohol by individuals and help them in

educating how they can quit the consumption of alcohol. However, there are certain difficulties
which the community service providers face while implementing the strategies and launching
health promotion campaigns (Beraldo, and et.al 2019.). The community service providers find it
difficult for themselves to source the required funds before they could launch their Health
Promotion Campaign as the government only provide them a restricted amount of funds in which
they have to manage all their operations. Similarly, they find it challenging determining heir
target audience as not every individual is going through the issue of alcohol addiction.
Sometimes, the message the campaign is trying to communicate is passed on those who do not
have the need and does not pass to the ones in need. This affects the effectiveness of the
campaign.
CONCLUSION
Based on the above intervention proposal, it can be concluded that alcohol addiction is a
leading public health issue that is existing within the national boundaries of United Kingdom.
The present proposal provides with a certain number of interventions which help could
community service provider to formulating strategies in order to control the use of alcohol by
individuals and help them in seeking out for help if they realize they are suffering from the
chronic issue of alcohol addiction. Moreover, the present proposal includes the implementation
strategy for the purpose of carrying out the intervention to the proposed issue. It also discusses
the challenges faced by community service providers in implementing the intervention and the
positive implications of the intervention with respect to the alcohol addiction.

REFERENCES
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Ramalho, R., 2020. Alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems during the COVID-19
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Volkow, N.D., 2020. Collision of the COVID-19 and addiction epidemics. Annals of internal
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