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Assignment on Improve Population Health

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Added on  2019-10-16

Assignment on Improve Population Health

   Added on 2019-10-16

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Running head: IMPROVE POPULATION HEALTH1Community Needs and Risk Assessment to Improve Population HealthAl DenteSchool of Nursing
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IMPROVE POPULATION HEALTH2AbstractPoplarville, Mississippi is amidst a major construction boom due to a large casino corporation moving in and building a resort/casino complex. Currently with the first 250 out of 1000 workersrelocated to the area, many dramatic community changes have been noted. The local critical access hospital has already seen an increase in volumes in the emergency department due to a marked increase in construction accidents, teen pregnancies, alcohol related accidents, and an increase in domestic violence accompanied by an overwhelming increase in the diversity of patients from different cultures. The local hospital has teamed up with the community to conductan assessment in order to address the needs of the growing and newly diverse community including the potential for developing ethical and diversity issues, genetics and genomics, health promotion, disease processes, pharmacological issues, physical assessment needs of the population, population and public health issues, and integrating advanced practice nursing models and theories into the existing healthcare services. Keywords: cultural diversity, critical access hospital, teen pregnancy, health promotion
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IMPROVE POPULATION HEALTH3Community Needs and Risk Assessment to Improve Population HealthPoplarville, Mississippi is experiencing a major construction boom due to a large casino corporation coming to town and building a resort/casino complex. So far 250 workers have arrived from South Africa and Eastern Europe with the expectation of up to 1000 workers eventually needed to train and staff the new facilities. The local hospital has teamed up with the community to conduct an assessment in order to address the needs of the growing and newly diverse community. This paper will discuss the potential for developing ethical and diversity issues, genetics and genomics, health promotion, disease processes, pharmacological issues, physical assessment needs of the population, population and public health issues, and integrating advanced practice nursing models and theories into the existing healthcare services. Development of Ethical Issue with Four Principles of EthicsFor Poplarville, Mississippi, abrupt changes will bring a multitude of healthcare challenges. Challenges brought forth by the growing community will bring with it ethical issues. The local critical access hospital has already noted an increase in volumes in the emergency department due to a marked increase in construction accidents, alcohol related accidents, and an increase in domestic violence that accompanied an overwhelming increase in a diversity of patients from different cultures. One issue of note is after a local women’s services contacted the new chief nursing officer about a four-fold increase in teen pregnancies over the past twelve months. The women’s services staff claim the young girls are attracted to the new workers in town because of their accents and intriguing new cultures. Birth control has quickly become a hot button dilemma discussed around the community. Local parents are said to be in denial of therecent increase in sexual activity among teens so parents have been noted to be resistant to sex education and birth control. In turn, the teens are practicing unsafe sex, at risk for sexually
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IMPROVE POPULATION HEALTH4transmitted infections (STIs) and unplanned pregnancies. Healthcare teams want to respect parent wishes, however, feel an ethical obligation to provide facts about teen pregnancy and resources regarding birth control and safe sex practices to the community.Beneficence, or doing what is good, is violated when healthcare providers feel restricted to provide the proper education needed about safe sex practices to the community. Meeting resistance from long-time community members may require the healthcare providers to use morecreative tactics to provide the needed education. The call to do what is good may be at risk as unplanned pregnancies and STIs increase in Poplarville. However, parents may feel autonomy is disrupted if healthcare providers go against wishes to provide sex education and birth control options to the youth in the community. The principle of autonomy is a theory allowing people to have self-control over decision making. There exists a fine line between allowing a parent to make autonomous decisions regarding their children’s health when the children become teens and choose to be sexually active. Is justice dishonored if healthcare providers choose to be creative and distribute consumer educational flyers on teen pregnancy and birth control? Only one quarter of the staff have been hired to work at the casino and already the teen pregnancy numbers have increased four-fold. The statistics will continue to rise dramatically and an intervention is clearly needed in order not to sully the principle of doing least harm. Development of Human Diversity IssuesPeople often think of diversity as race, nationality, culture, ethnicity, subculture, gender, class (or wealth/poverty), age (especially extreme youth or age), (dis)ability, sexual preference, religion, political party. Despite common perceptions, diversity most importantly is the understanding of specific cultural, language, social and economic nuances of particular people and families. There are two major events making cultural diversity issues important to
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IMPROVE POPULATION HEALTH5understand. First is the civil rights movement that began in the 1950s, in which African Americans, women, gays and lesbians, people with disabilities and other minority groups alerted the country to distinct identities and the need to understand different cultures. Second is the growing number of new immigrants to the United States, who bring with them unique cultural, language, religious, and political backgrounds of their heritage much like what has occurred in Poplarville, Mississippi. Some of these cultures have a history of displacement, torture, political oppression, and extreme poverty abound among the communities they know. Combining these backgrounds with history, experiences, and expectations of the people born in America creates both challenges and opportunities for, nurses, doctors, lawyers, social workers, and all other people of society. Healthcare professionals and society have come a long way yet have just as farto go in order to gain cultural competence. Fortunately, healthcare represents a group of providers with a long history of understanding and learning both people’s differences and the impact of social injustices on their behalf, but it is still not close to understanding all needing to be known. Many nursing schools, hospitals and other healthcare industries are adding cultural competence to the list of education needs to be met by associates. In developing a plan of teaching for the hospital in Poplarville, the language of the Native Americans, and the worldly views of the population are the two main focuses of education for the hospital staff [ CITATION Nat12 \l 1033 ]. In 2003, National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) assessed the English literacy of people age 16 and older, in the United States. The NAAL provided information proficiency of approximately 18,000 adults living in households and 1,200 prison inmates. In the household sample, 2,807 adults did not speak English before starting school. This same assessment reported31% of the workforce does not speak English as their native Language. Language differences
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IMPROVE POPULATION HEALTH6affect both majority and minority populations. An example is the large number of Native Americans living in Poplarville unable to speak and communicate needs. If the Native American population are unable to communicate needs, potential dangers develop resulting from the lack of understanding on behalf the healthcare team which then develop into an inability to access the healthcare system. Nurses cross trained in culturally competent care connects this population with a range of services available to them. Healthcare staff trained to speak to this population decreases the risk of miscommunication, misdiagnoses, and leads to an increase of care, understanding, and education needs to this population [ CITATION Jin09 \l 1033 ]. Development of Genetic and Genomic IssuesThe terms genetics and genomics, although sounding similar, have different meanings. Genetics refers to the study of a single gene and the impact it has on a single gene disorder, whereas genomics is the study of all the genes and interactions with one another, the environment, and the culture. Four key competencies nurses should demonstrate while building an understanding of genetics and genomics in healthcare are applying and or integrating genetic and genomic knowledge through nursing assessment, identification, referral actives, and provision of education, care, and support (Corporate Panel, 2008).Through the nursing assessment much of the needed information about the patient can be obtained. On admission at the Poplarville hospital, assessments completed by nursing staff should go back at least three generations of the patient family to obtain a more precise medical, environmental, and social history, including genetics and genomics. After the history is collectedthe information then should be analyzed by the nursing staff to recognize any risk factors to the patient, then shared with the appropriate staff. After information is reviewed and analyzed, a review with the patient needs to be completed to see how much information the patient is aware
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