This report discusses the importance of patient safety in medicine dispensing and explores ways to improve it. It highlights the challenges and requirements of dispensing medicines for better patient care.
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Improving patient safety whilst dispensing medicine
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INTRODUCTION Dispensing of medicine can be defined as process of preparing and giving the drug to a named a person on the basis of prescription. It is to be consider as program or event to improve rational use which have often been concentrated on ensuring habits of prescription. It is overlooking dispensing and patient’s use of medicines. To avoid the drug interaction and its adverse side effect (Aboneh and et.al., 2020). Sometimes, it has been strictly follow the regulation on dispense of drug which required. Moreover, treatment of condition such as chronic diseases which require to intake of medication but it highly differ from one patient to another. Pharmacists allows to follow the regulation and conduct multiple test, afterwards, it has been represented the report to other physician but they do not authorised to prescribed. In this way, pharmacies are necessary to maintain or control the record of all medicine dispensed (Paulino, Thomas and Cooper, 2019). In order to keep record of any type of intervention which has made, judge on the basisof certainaspects. The British Nationalformularyis responsible for distribution of document related medication to community and other healthcare staff members. Patient safety refers to preventing the errors when it comes to their entire care provided by medical professional. It means that preventing adverse reaction when a person take such medications. It can happen for variety of reason where patient may not take care about their safety and security (Carayon and Wooldridge, 2020). They were not taking the medication according to the instruction of professional. In this way, it may fail to make correct diagnosis, will change their medication as per requirements. Initially, professional are validated the prescription and make sure that understanding the overall concept of dispensing medicines. The pharmacists has performed the significant role which has proven to improve various result or outcome in regards of patient health condition. Sometimes, it may include patient safety, improved diseases, drugs therapy management, improve quality of life. WHO has been developed the conceptual framework in order to build an effective standardized taxonomy for safety of patient (Galt, Fuji and Shah, 2019). Pharmacist have a crucial system level role in term of planning and also leading medication safety program or event which initiatives towards health care improvement. It may be include the risk specific protocol for providing high alert – medications in order to identify, evaluating high risk processes (Paulino, Thomas and Cooper, 2019). The complexity of medication is that prescribing or delivering process which make it difficult to give better advantage, effect of pharmacist on adverse result or outcome directly but 1
the involvement has been representing the reduce errors. In order to enhance the patient monitoring across different settings. As medical professional has delivered the better health care service by using dispending of medicine. In order to find out the complex nature of medication and its increase errors prone situation.Duringprescribingprocess,itshouldbeincreasedtheerrorsintheprocess approximately 5% to 7% in prescriptions which depending on the setting (Holmström and et.al., 2019). Moreover, this type of medication errors reports to health care system where they can easily monitor and analysed current situation. According to report, it has been identified that 16% of actual patient harm and 0.8% resulted in the death or other server harmful condition (Paulino, Thomas and Cooper, 2019). However, there are various unintended discrepancies in patient discharged from the hospitals. In this way, it is affecting the 43% of prescription in primary care (Paulino, Thomas and Cooper, 2019). The problem with medicine is that after hospital discharge of patient that associated with adverse health consequences. The research project will describe about the quality improvement event in patient safety through medication. The project is focused on the dispending medicines within community pharmacy which mainly assumed as a process for required the highly quality of reliability. The pharmacy team will be combined with non-technical skills, clinical and technical in which providing the better quality of medicines. These are becoming safe and effective for patients. The research estimate that approximately 3.32% of dispensed item may include as an error (Paulino, Thomas and Cooper, 2019). Although it can be identified the level of accuracy, it could be assumed to be very high, errors that have developed as serious consequences among patient. The most of pharmacists are responsible for recognising the patient safety as well as health. The research project has been developed the system which provide as guard against the errors in order to reduce their level. The report will discuss about the use of dispending medicines where how they will support for patient in term of safety. Furthermore, it also facilitate the best quality of improvement methodology. Aim The main aim of this report is “To Analyse ways in whichPatient safety can be improved whilst dispensing medicines.” Objectives Main objectives of this report are: 2
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To analyse need and requirement of dispensing medicines To evaluate role of dispensing medicines in patient safety. To analyses ways in whichdispensing medicines can be focused upon in order to improve patient safety. To identify major challenges associated with provision ofdispensing medicines to patients. Project Questions Main project questions of this report are: What are the need and requirement of dispensing medicines? What is the main role of dispensing medicines in patient safety? What are the ways in whichdispensing medicines can be focused upon in order to improve patient safety? What are the major challenges associated with provision ofdispensing medicines to patients? Background In health care services it is necessary to provide high quality services to patients. Also, there is need to ensure patient safety so that they are diagnose properly. There are several types of risk which can occur in it and this can lead to affect on patient health. Basically, in dispensing of medicine there is improvement required as here patient needs differ from one another and there are many other risk which can arise. Besides that, it is found that there no proper procedure of dispensing medicine. Hence, patient safety is in danger. is very important to ensure patient safety in hospital. For a health care worker patient safety is his or her priority role and responsibility. There are many ways through which patient safety is ensured. It depends on process or method which is followed by health professionals. Moreover, there are many ways safety is managed and ensured. Patient safety consists of various aspects which are to be followed such as medicine, health, cleanliness, etc these all measures are to be taken in regard of keeping patient safety. Also, it is essential to improve patient safety as well so that they are able to recover quickly. The improvement needs to be identified so that accordingly changes are made. It highly depends on health care professional that how patient safety is enhanced. However, for this as well there are many ways or method which can be implemented. It is necessary to find out and implement those so that safety is improved. 3
Improving patient safety is consider as key aspects in the hospital setting and other pharmacists that have been exploring the technologies. In order to achieve their specific goal and objective. There is no doubt that medication can enhance the efficiency or distribution but their capacity to reduce the medication errors (Seaton and et.al., 2019). It has depends on the various factor which including implement the system. Dispensing of medicine is consider as a process whichhelpforprovidingflexibility,reliabilitybutpharmacyhaslittlecontrol.Ithas accomplished by setting up clinical indication at the time of specific drugs. It facilitate the medical professional to improve the accessibility on the patient care service. In particularly, it has been developed the emergency case where patient extremely suffered from against diseases. In recently, many countries recommend or require hospitals to implement the concept of medication reconciliation, transfer and also discharge for patient after reducing the medication errors. The discharge reconciliation has been considered as highest priority as expected to minimize risk of adverse program caused by failure to interact with changes. It has made in the healthcare community which produced the drugs, medicines (Shah, Galt and Fuji, 2019). Indeed, there are discrepancies in the community where medical professional use medication while increasing the risk of adverse event. In past decade, Pharmacy professional has been invented the concept of dispensing medicine that consider as a process but require reliability. In this way, it has developed the safe guard against errors. In order to minimize risk of errors and give better facilities of patient in term of heath care safety (Shah, Galt and Fuji, 2019). On the other hand, it has been estimated the dispending errors rate in hospitals approximately 0.02% to 2.7% of dispensed medicine (Shah, Galt and Fuji, 2019). The pharmacy community also focused on the estimation which has been changed over past years. In 2007, there are 48-million prescriptions addressed and also dispensed in the primary care. As a result, it has been adjusted within 5,223 medication errors reports being submitted by NRLS (national reporting and leading system). Therefore, various pharmacies community figure out the situation or condition where identified the expected result from research in error rates. As focused on the different factors such as mental overload, distraction and also dispending with categorized attention as per condition in which increase the dispensing error rates. The condition highlight the significance of human factor in community pharmacy practice. 4
Initially, professional has identified the current health condition of patient and then move to use dispending medication for providing better health care services (Paulino, Thomas and Cooper, 2019). Human factor related to their health care which consider as approach to enhance clinical performance through understanding the effect of team work, task, culture and equipment (Shah, Galt and Fuji, 2019). These are helping for determine the behavior as well as abilities of patient. It has foundations in term of physiology, psychology and sociology and understanding why errors has made and how to prevent them. National healthcare system has been slow to follow the safety aspects during critical condition while adapting the human factor. In particularly so in primary care. On the other hand, Pharmacies community being set up their project while contract with NHS. In order to recognize and isolated in term of primary care which become consequence of contractual obligation. Since, medication orders are being dispensed and then delivered for medical professional. In certain circumstances and setting by both pharmacists and nurses which involved in the process of dispending (Shah, Galt and Fuji, 2019). They have been predominately examined the role of dispending medicines where pharmacist plays important role in preventing the prescribing errors. During past years, it has examined the medication errors, identifying the rate of 60% mainly in the form of wrong rate, time and dose. In this way, it has identified the death caused by medication errors which has reported to FDA from 1993 to 1998 (Shah, Galt and Fuji, 2019). Oneofthemostchallengingaswellastime-consumingaspectsofmedication reconciliation which become reliable documenting the community drugs. In order to put extra efforts for improving the efficiencies and several creating solution that have been implemented. Afterwards, it has been prescribed in the community and further doing more testing. By using drug and drop function, clinicians, pharmacists that have developed the community drugs and list in the consultation with different patients. These type of initiative have impact on the process of community drug listing. In order to find out that 75% patient discharged from hospitals (Paulino, Thomas and Cooper, 2019). It is the best process of medical dispensing where selecting right drug for patient on the basis of requirement as well need. There are several challenges as well which is faced by nurse and doctors in providing medicine. This may be that due to change in patients needs they have to give them METHODOLOGY 5
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Project plan Project plan can be defined as an important document that majorly contains main scope and objective of the project. It is also represented in the form of Gantt chart. It is one of the most effective way with the help of which minute project details can be communicated to stakeholders (Varajão, Colomo-Palacios and Silva, 2017). It is one of the most important process of project management which helps in identifying overall output of project planning process. There are various kinds of frameworks or models that can work as a fundamental knowledge for managing and planning a project. One of the main frameworks that can be used for project planning is PMBOK. It works as a fundamental knowledge for project planning and management of a project. There are 10 knowledge areas of PMBOK but major knowledge areas that together helps in effective planning are cost, scope, quality required, time duration, communication, resources required and risk associated with the project. Figure1main aspects of project plan Cost: Cost is one of the major and most important part of a project that should be focused upon within a project(Abyad, 2018). It is important for the project manager to estimate and define overall cost associated with the project in which whole project will be completed. This cost includes, cost of resources, risk management and mitigation and many more. Cost associated with a project arises need of defining and controlling project cost in a timely manner for the success of the project this is majorly because every project consumes resources, in order to maintain value of the project investment required to be done in a project is required to be 6
maintained. Cost planning of a project includes resource planning, cost estimating, budgeting, and control. Cost associated with this project is £500. Scope: Every project is required to have defined paraments or scope by defining project goal, task, deadlines, cost etc. After defining overall scope of the project, this scope is further broken down into sub- parts and is managed in a proper manner with the help of work breakdown structure or WBS(Gonçalves and et. al., 2017). Management and planning of a scope majorly includes planning, definition, WBS, verification and control. For this project, project manager will focus upon secondary qualitative research. Main scope of this project is collection of all the secondary information in order to identify ways in whichPatient safety can be improved whilst dispensing medicines. Quality required: One of the most important aspect of a project without which defined value of the project cannot be achieved is planning and maintenance of overall quality of the project. Each and every project involves work products or deliverables within a project. Meeting of these deliverables as per the project objectives helps in maintaining overall quality of the project. Maintenance of a performance standard within a project helps in maintaining high quality of a project(Jamali and Oveisi, 2016). Quality of a project majorly revolves around three major aspects that are: quality planning, quality assurance, and quality control. Quality maintenance of a project can only be done by maintaining use of reliable and appropriate data or information. In order to maintain overall quality of this project all the secondary information or data has been collected from authentic and reliable data sources.Most of the articles, research data, journals etc. have been collected from Google scholar and are not more than 5 years old. Time duration: A proper and effective project plan also have defined time period in which whole project will be completed(Gonçalves and Von Wangenheim, 2016). This time schedule includes defined beginning and a definite ending date. In order to complete the project in defined time period it is important to manage scheduled time as per the overall schedule of the project by bifurcating and dividing time period for all the sub tasks which further helps in implementing whole project in a timely manner. management and planning of time schedule of the project includes definition, sequencing, resource and duration estimating, schedule development, and schedule control. The overall time duration required to complete this project is 8 weeks. Communication: Another important aspect of project planning is communication which can become one of the main reasons for success or failure of a project. Effective communication plan 7
helps in maintaining proper flow of information among all internal and external stakeholders of a project(Varajão, Colomo-Palacios and Silva, 2017). It is important to develop a communication plan for project because a project comes into touch of various people both directly and indirectly which can impact final outcome of a project. Communication plan for a project majorly focuses upon information distribution, stakeholder management and performance reporting. In order to maintain proper and effective communication in this project weekly meetings after completion of every milestone was conducted. In these meetings of the main stakeholders of the project were involved in which current progress of the project, requirements, next milestone required to be achieved, issues faced and solution to it were discussed in detailed manner. Resources required: Another important aspect of project planning is resources required within a project. Without availability of proper and effective resources it becomes quite difficult for a project manager to complete a project in a timely manner. There were two major type of resources used in this project, first was secondary resources for collection of secondary data or information from newspapers, articles, books, scholar papers and many more. And second type of resources required were human resource. Management and planning of human resources helped in completing the project in a proper manner, identifying issues associated with the project and finding solution for the project in a proper manner. Secondary resources were used for collection of data or information related to identification of ways in whichPatient safety can be improved whilst dispensing medicines. Risk: One of the most important aspect of project planning is risk identification and management without which success chances of a project can reduce and it can move towards failure. It is important for project manager to identify risk associated with project that can arise and impact overall success of a project. There are various kinds of unexpected events that can be faced by team members of a project. Some of the most comm type of risk identified that can occur within this project are: Communication gap, Miss management, Loss of leadership control and sudden budget rise. Due to communication gap project requirements cannot be communicated within all stakeholders in a proper manner. miss management is one of the main risks that can become main reason of project failure. Loss of leadership is a common risk that can occur within a proper at any time. In order to reduce changes of occurring of this project it is important for leaders to adopt effective leadership style which is suitable for the project. This will help in reducing changes of occurring of this risk. There are various reasons because of which rise in budget risk 8
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can occur. It is important to continuously monitor and control scope of the project so that rise in budget risk can be controlled or mitigated. These are some of the main factors that are required to be focused upon in project planning. These aspects helps the project manager in planning project so that it is comes in a proper manner within defined scope, time, cost and quality. This proposed project plan will not only help in implementation of a project but will also help in time to time evolution of the project. For this PMBOK framework has been used because it helps in including all the main and important aspects of a project. Gantt chart Gantt chart can be simply defined as a visual view of all the task and activities of a project schedule within the defined duration of time. It helps in defining milestones of sub- task that are required to be achieved. It also helps the project manager to manage overall size of the project in a proper manner. not only this, it also helps in identifying start and end date of a project with a simple visual view. Activity1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week 5th week 6th week 7th week 8th week Identify research topic Formation of Aim and objectives Methodology Impact of change Reflective Commentary Conclusion 9
Review and Submission Impact of change In the context of patient safety it can be said that it plays an important role as it prevents patients and all staff against injury and workplace accident which may sometimes cause death. So, it is important for healthcare organizations to implement some effective safety measurement tools and policies as well and make sure that all patients and staff members are following all guidelines of policies (Mbonye and et.al., 2016). This change and an effective leadership program can have several changes within an organization. Dispensing process of medicines in patient safety refers a procedure of preparing as well as giving medicine to a named person on the basis of prescription. This change and an effective patient safety can have several changes which include: Improve image:When healthcare organizations use effective tools of safety measurement then they are more likely to prevent their patients and all involved members which motivate them. Motivated and valued employees focus on providing effective and qualitative services to patient which improve image of the company. The less injury and accidents happen in an organization the more images it improves. Reducing staff turnover;When an organization or healthcare companies focus on safety of patients and staff then they are more likely to stay with the company and support companies in accomplishing their goals. One of the main reasons of staff turnover in healthcare organization is poor quality of services, dealing with critical patients, work load and lack of workplace safety. Workplace and patients safety encourage staff members to concentrate on their functions and it makes them feel pleased at workplace (Cole and Paithankar, 2018). So, it can be said that this is one of the main positive impact of making changes within an organization. Improve quality of services:It is one of the main aims of all healthcare organizationsis to improve healthcare services to patients and improve their health in a timely and effective manner. They also want to reduce patients stay at hospitals and healthcare organizations because it indicates that patients are receiving effective and qualitative healthcare services. When 10
organizations focus on safety whilst dispensing medicines then they are more likely to make patients feel valued and they also cooperate all staff members in improving healthcare services. These improvement and cooperation improve patients’ health. So, it can be said that patent safety whilst dispensing medicines can have several positive effects (Geary and Roussel, 2016). An effective leadership program also plays an important role in improving safety as they guide all members in performing their functions. It allows members in reducing errors in their functions and healthcare services which improve quality of healthcare services given to patients. An effective leadership program also allow patients in making feel valued because by making use of abilities and skills, an effective leader try to interact with patients and make them feel comfortable in communicating and sharing their all problems. Knowing all problems from patients is important as it helps in selecting effective treatments and improving health. Reflective summary It is very important to ensure patient safety in hospital. For a health care worker patient safety is his or her priority role and responsibility. There are many ways through which patient safety is ensured. It depends on process or method which is followed by health professionals. Moreover, there are many ways safety is managed and ensured. Patient safety consists of various aspects which are to be followed such as medicine, health, cleanliness, etc these all measures are to be taken in regard of keeping patient safety. Also, it is essential to improve patient safety as well so that they are able to recover quickly. The improvement needs to be identified so that accordingly changes are made. It highly depends on health care professional that how patient safety is enhanced. However, for this as well there are many ways or method which can be implemented. It is necessary to find out and implement those so that safety is improved. I was working as a nurse senior executive in a hospital of UK since past 2-3 years. Under my supervision i was handling a team of 4-5 nurse assistant who was working in same department. We were given role to provide medicine to patients and maintain their safety. Also, role was to give medicine to them as prescribed by doctor or health professionals. I was leading the team and we work together to achieve goals and objectives of patients safety. In my view i think that patient safety is most important while providing care services to them. This is because if safety is not maintained then there is no positive result of providing care services to them. Thus, as a nurse i think that our priority to maintain and ensure proper safety of patients. It is because we are the one who are in regular touch with them and are able to identify their needs. But while 11
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working as a nurse i analysed the safety can be improved while dispensing them medicine. This is most crucial task as there is high risk involved in it. Besides that, if medicine dispensed is wrong then it can highly impact on patient health. Apart from it, medicine dispensed is written as per needs of patients and given by doctor. Therefore, it has to be given with proper attention and in effective way so that there is no mistake in it. This is because i noticed that sometimes medicine dispensed is not given as per proper procedure. So, it has resulted in leading to major consequences. Along with it, medicine dispensed is wrongly given and has showsn negative outcomes on health of patients. In addition to it, i found that there is gap in between this procedure. So, it can led to change in things and certain consequences. Sometimes, it has been strictly follow the regulation on dispense of drug which required. Moreover, treatment of condition such as chronic diseases which require to intake of medication but it highly differ from one patient to another. Pharmacists allows to follow the regulation and conduct multiple test, afterwards, it has been represented the report to other physician but they do not authorised to prescribed. Thus, i think that there is need to improve safety in this as it will help in making things easy and providing care to patients as per medicine prescribed by doctor. Moreover, i think that this area is most crucial in it as many times medicine prescribed is not given as per needs of patients. So, i was leader in hospital where i work with 4-5 nurse assistant. I realized that there exists a gap in as medicine dispensed was not proper. So, there occurred certain issues due to which patient safety was not proper. Due to it there may rise in chance of occuring of certain consequences that may lead to impacting on patient health. Therefore, as leader i found that there are several ways through which it can be improved. This will highly benefit in maintaining safety and ensuring that medicine dispensed is according ot needs of patient. So, i think that first way to change in by creating or forming a proper procedure or process through which this entire process is done. It will be highly useful in giving insight to nurse assistant and me that how to follow this procedure and provide higb quality care services to them without any high risk. Besides that, with help of procedure it will be easy to get things done in effective way and dispensing medicine as per patient needs. However, it will remove confusion among nurse staff as well ss there are many patients with different medicine needs. In addition to it, as a leader i will be able to apply various types of leadership style in order to guide them. It will be easy for me to direct them that how 12
they can follow this procedure and ensure patient safety. Besides that, it is necessary for me to analyse things in effective way. As a leader it is my role to implement this project plan in efficient way and achieve goals and objectives. There are many ways of how thing are to be change in it. Hence, from leadership point of view there are many things which needs to be taken into consideration. It will helpful in implementing this project. So, i realize that there are several strength and weakness of this project on me and nurse staff.Thus ,by implementing this project i found out there are some strength and weakness as well. As i was leader in this project so i found that first of nurse staff needs to be trained so that they get knowledge and insight of what entire process is been executed. There are many ways of how thing are to be done. Moreover, i observed that i successfully implemented this project. As a leader i applied participative leadership style in it. This was highly useful for me to engage nurse in it and take suggestions from them regarding improvement in dispensing of medicine to patients. With this style i was able to discuss plan with team and take decision. Besides that,in any critical situation i took help of them and took an effective decision. This style was highly useful for me to proceed with project in systematic way and complete it. Furthermore, i think that participative style helps in boosting confidence among team members as well. This is because they are able to engage in decision making. It is useful in improving team work within project and completing it in deadline. Apart from it, i gained knowledge and skills as well from this as it enhanced my leadership skills. Now, i will be able to apply this style in most project. Moreover, another benefit for me was that in this style i was able to interact and communicate with stakeholders as well. Thus i toom data and info from them about their needs and how change can be made into project scope. Thus, i became experience in it. Alongside, i analysed that it helpes me to improve my communication skills as well. I got to know about different types of communication and when it is used. Other than this, i get insight on how things are to be done that is project planning, motivating, taking decision etc, thus it enhanced my decision making skills as well. I was able to take effective decision by analysing and evaluating situation. In this i analysed situation and then found out option of it. Then, i evaluated each option on basis of certain aspects and factors. This was easy for me to eliminate those which are not suitable for it. I gained knowledge about many things that what type of leadership style is to be applied and in what situation. Besides, how schedule is to be maintained and quality of project as well. 13
But on other hand, there are several problems as well which i faced during this project. This was difficult for me as a leader to tackle those challenge. Due to it my performance was highly impacted. The first one is as i was not having any experience in undertaking and completing this type of project and how to deal with it. Thus, i did not know how to do planning and execution of it. For that i took help of expert in doing it. This consumed most of time and i was not able to make proper plan. Due to this further processing was highly affected as well and it resulted in delay of it. So, as a leader i need to enhance this skill. I realized that entire project success depends on planning. If this is not done in effective way then it is difficult for leader to complete it in time. In addition to it, another weakness as leader is I was not able to motivate employee. Due to it they were not able to do task in effective way. Moreover, it also affected on their performance and efficiency. Besides, sometimes i was not able to encourage them in proper way. As a leader it is necessary for me to motivate staff so that project is finished on time. Along with it, motivation is useful in making things easy and developing strong relations with members. This results in achieving of task in effective way. So, as i was not able to motivate them there was affect on staff efficiency. Moreover, they were not able to get proper direction as well that how to it. I analysed that i was not able to direct or lead them in proper way. They ws not able to find out ideas or ways of doing task. Furthermore, i was not creative as well in my work. Thus, there was change in things of doing task and it led ot inefficiency in my performance. I was not able to bring creativity in my work and due to it in few activities there was delay in it. Thus, it highly affected on entire project completion and my leadership skills as well. Description- as i was working in dispensing of medicine to improve health of patients We were working in team where i was given role of executive. In this i faced situation of conflict with my colleagues. It occurred due to ineffective communication. So, in this i complaint it to project manager. The other members also supported me and then manager interrupt into it. He then called a meeting and resolved conflict. Feelings- Before conflict all members were working together. They were supporting each other. Moreover, when conflict occurred i felt nervous. This is because i was facing this situation first time.Moreover, all team members also got nervous due to conflict. Now, i think that during situation, i should have solved it myself through communication. Similarly, other people also thought that conflict might be solved within team itself. 14
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Evaluation- i evaluated that there was some positive and negative points from situation. The position was that conflict was resolved quickly and a systematic communication procedure was set up. But negative was that it affected my performance as i did complain about it. So, my behavior towards member was short tempered. The thing that went well working in team. On contrary, conflict resulted in delay of task and achieving of goals and objectives. It affected on working culture of project team as well. We all interacted with one another regarding conflict resolution. Conclusion–i summariz that there may occur conflict in team. In my view there is need to communicate effectively with other. It will help in sharing info. Moreover, in future if i face same situation again i will first of all try to solve by myself. Then, i will take help of another team member in it. But even if conflict is not solved i will complain it to project manager. It will help me inproceeding in proper way. Hence, i need to improve my decision making and communication skills. This will help me in dealing with conflict easily. Action- there is need to take proper action in it to solve conflict in appropriate way. So, policy and procedure needs to be made. It will help in interacting with team members and working in effective way. Furthermore, this will enhance their decision making and communication skills. The tasks can be completed on time and goal are attained. So, from leadership perspective i found that there are some strength and weakness of this project. It highly helped me in enhancing my skills and capabilities. I was able to initiate this in successful way. Moreover, i think that patient safety can be improved in many ways. Likewise, there can be several other projects which can be executed in it. This will highly help in enhancing procedure of dispensing medicine and patient safety. Alongside, i conxluded that there is need to train nursing staff as well so that they follow this procedure in efficient way. It will be useful in their growth as well. As I have shared my personal experience related the research project where analyzing and evaluating the significant role of dispensing medicine. According to me, it become important for gathering a lot of information or data related the concept for dispending of medicine and how it will help for providing the better services to patient in term of health safety. My research process was one of most effective concept which help for improving own knowledge and skill. Having a little experience doing research in every steps (Paulino, Thomas and Cooper, 2019). I have found myself navigating around to find out the best approach. Starting off research project, I have recognized the conceptual of project where how it will help 15
for improving the healthcare services. Although, I have learned about the several environment studies through database, it become available. Furthermore, I gave it try and looked through different database including multiple way to improve the patient health care service with the help of dispensing of medicine. I have studied about different articles, journals which provide me a better idea to complete the project in proper manner (Shah, Galt and Fuji, 2019). When I was started to conduct the different process, initially focused on the aim and objective. It is to be consider an important topic and represent the significant role. Furthermore, I have been moved towards the implementing the research methodology such as qualitative method. I have found that it become important concept which helpforcollectingorgatheringlargeamountofinformationrelatedtheresearchtopic. Qualitative methodology is based on theoretical aspects for using essential information for further expansion. Furthermore, my weakness is to collect limited data that has not providing so much details. So that I have tried to resolve this weakness for improving the abilities and use qualitative method in right direction. I sorted the relevant articles by data and most recent so that it easily shows reviews of popular researchers. In another way, I have found the greatest strength that use an appropriate resources, equipment which giving me better views. It help for me to further process the research project. Furthermore, I have selected the secondary data collection technique by using journals, article. In this way, I have been focused on the different process, execution approach in order to handle the result or outcome. The most profound thing I have learned from research is that when identifying, searching for articles and problem which will never be find. There are lot of thing event look through during analysis. Therefore, I learned a lot of thing and need to do excessive narrowing by what I am looking for specific things (Shah, Galt and Fuji, 2019). Sometimes, I have realized that I was lucky that most of general articles I found. This is reason when I have achieved the desirable goal and objective. CONCLUSION From above report it is summarized there is need to improve dispensing of medicine to improve patient safety. It will help in providing a systematic procedure to dispense medicine in patients. 16
There are many incident occurred as medicine dispensed is different as per patient needs. This highly impact on patient health. Also, there are many project models and concept which is applied in undertaking of medical project. The use of it depends on nature and type of project. Thus, in this project PMBOK model is followed. In this there are several crucial elements which is required in making of project such as communication, risk, resources required etc these all provide an insight on how project has to be executed. There are many ways of making things easy. Sometimes, it has been strictly follow the regulation on dispense of drug which required. Moreover, treatment of condition such as chronic diseases which require to intake of medication but it highly differ from one patient to another. Pharmacists allows to follow the regulation and conduct multiple test, afterwards, it has been represented the report to other physician but they do not authorised to prescribed. Furthermore, it is identified that there is impact of change was positive in context of organisation. This is because it lead to improve in patient safety, reducing staff turnover, building positive image etc this enabled in providing a procedure of dispensing of medicine and fulfilling patient needs. With that quality of health care services also improved. Thus , project plan is developed for it to execute this project. It has been found that nurse staff is not able to provide medicine to patients in proper way. It is because of lack of policy and procedure. There are to be change in things so that patient safety is improved. However, from leader point of view there are soem strength and weakness which is faced during this project. The strength is that communication and leadership skills was enhances as it led to gain knowledge to leader. This impacted on performance in positive way and project was initiated in effective way. Moreover, weakness of leader in this was lack of motivation skills and decision making. It led to delay in completion of task. 17
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