Usage of Labels and Icons in Business Process Modeling
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This article discusses the usage of labels and icons in business process modeling and how they enhance the understanding of process models. It explores the theories behind the use of labels and icons and provides guidelines for their effective implementation.
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Individual assesment An Investigation On The Usage Of Labels And Icons In Business Process Modeling Jan Mendling Jan Recker Hajo A. Reijers Studentโs name Studentโs id Student ID1
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Introduction The article aims at discussing the usage of labels and icons in business process modeling. It starts with a brief introduction to the relevance of business process management. After that, the article incorporates how labels and icons are used to enhance business process modeling. The report discusses an article which researched todayโs systematic usage of icons and labels as far as business process modeling is concerned. Also, it discusses how icons and labels are used for classification the graphical concepts in a process model. Business process management In many organizations, managing the business process possess to be the greatest challenge. Due to lack of awareness, many businesses is not investing enough efforts to ensure a streamlined business is present. Business process management is the capability of a company to create, edit and analyze the predictable processes that make up the fundamentals of its operations. It is a way of observing at the processes then monitoring them according to how they are present in an organization. In a time of crisis, it is one of the effective methods which can be incorporated to make effective and efficient processes[1]. The result will be an improved and more cost effective organization. Generally, business process management entails how people study, change, identify and observe business processes to confirm they run smoothly and over time, they can be enhanced. It involves ongoing activities therefore not a one-time activity. Within a given business process, the BPM involves systematizing tasks[10]. This is available even though BPM is not technology but processes being improved can happen outside of computerization and without involving innovation. Student ID2
In every company, each department is responsible for taking data and raw materials and transform them into other things. From each department, they might handle a dozen or more of the key processes. During the business process management, an organization takes a step back and looks at all these processes individually and when summed up together[2]. Here, it analyses the areas of improvement by checking at the current state of the process. This creates an effective and more efficient organization. Also, within the collective workflows, business process management is meant to moderate chaos and eliminate ad hoc workflow controlling. Mainly, organizations practicing business process management have a goal to take control of their numerous processes[7]. Consistently, they strive to improve them to establish efficient organizations which have a better capability of delivering their products and services [2]. As such, business process management is essential as it supports organizational leaders who seek to attain operational competences as well as work to comprehend their predominant goals for the organization in general. On the usage of labels and icons in business process modeling It is surprising that there is minimal research attributing to a successful business process which facilitates human understanding. Primarily, process management has emerged as one of the critical reasons for engaging in conceptual modeling[8]. As such, it ought to deliver benefits of transparencies in the organization, process documentation, and others. Especially in the IS projects, the process management is supposed to be understood and intuitive just like other conceptual modeling forms[4]. However, in nearly 30 years when the business process has been involved, little is known about the modeling process and how it can be valuable to a company. Through research, graphical constructs and these meaning in process model has been investigated. Student ID3
There are various theories which have been put in place to understand the phenomena which business process uses to convey information on organizational workflows and procedures. First, the dual coding theory suggests two channels, auditory and visual which e person uses when handling information[5]. The two channels counterpart to each other in a way that getting information from both channels increases understanding as compared to only receiving information from one. As such, human perceive information adequately when it is presented by both visual, that is through images and auditory through words. The second theory, the cognitive theory of multimedia learning suggest that materials for learning need to be acknowledged, understood and engaged by its recipients[9]. According to this phenomena, the choice of appropriate labels and graphical content are essential. There is an inadequate number of graphical paradigms which are sued in process management. Most of the dire domain information is enclosed in the textual labels of paradigms [4]. Based on this, business process modeling can be well understood if additional graphical images including icons are incorporated to the labeling of process management constructs. Labels and icons in business process management Labeling of graphical process model constructs has been defined to be an art rather than a science. There are several guidelines which exist and are useful in labeling activities such as approving the order or verifying invoices which suggest verb-object convection. Likewise, through research, a perceived superiority of the verb-object conventions was established to other modeling convections[5]. Per se, presumptions that more information on the labels would enhance the reader to understand what is being portrayed clearly. Thus, this would bring about elaborated and long textual labels. Hover, from recent research, short activity labels improve understanding of labels. Together with the prevalent verb-object convention, this argument Student ID4
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supports that the process should be specified in a concise and precise manner which will enable easy understanding and intuitiveness. Through additional graphical information, these terms should be supported even more. By using an icon which contests the semantics of an activity. Already there are some tools which have incorporated the embedding of additional graphics including Protos. This is a tool which allows selecting specific types of activities such as communication, basics, authorize, check and logistics representing them in different images [6]. For instance, if an individual sets an activity in Protos in the form of communication, then the image changes to a โtalk button.โ Using icons during representation can also make a process model understandable. Users would intuitively identify the most common classes of activities by visual inspection. For instance, a model reader would identify how they are supposed to communicate with other shareholders instantly in any given model. Using iconic representations is favorable to enlightening the process model[2]. This is because graphical icons have integrated as part of human life in daily activities. Also, similar to labeling, icon development has become more of an art than a science. However, there are certain guidelines based on research which control the undertaking of icon development. First, icon developments should highlight the ease of interpretation by users[6]. Secondly, icon selection should be established on preferences by the user. Thirdly, the composition rules from icons should be easy to learn and understand and should be natural. Lastly, rules formulated by icon selection should be able to be transferred to the audiences and models. The conclusion of the paper is relevant as it shows that there is still more ground on research to cover. As such, the researchers state on what more to expect as much as improving business process modeling involves icons and labels. As such, they call on other researchers to Student ID5
help improve the business process in companies through research. This is essential as it helps a student know there is still room for research. Conclusion The paper discusses the essential aspects involved in business process management. It starts by defining business process management and its purpose in the organization. The articles mentions the usage of labels and icon in process models. In line with that, a major assumption is that business process management can be improved when a systematic labeling construct is found. The paper goes on to discuss the essential elements involved in icon selection. Finally, the paper discusses the relevance of the conclusion from the paper provided. Student ID6
References [7]Agile Project Management. [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar]: J. Wiley & Sons, 2013. [6]D. Nadarajah and S. Syed A. Kadir, "Measuring Business Process Management using business process orientation and process improvement initiatives",Business Process Management Journal, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 1069-1078, 2016. Available: 10.1108/bpmj-01-2014- 0001. [5]E. Mahmoodzadeh, S. Jalalinia and F. Nekui Yazdi, "A business process outsourcing framework based on business process management and knowledge management",Business Process Management Journal, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 845-864, 2009. Available: 10.1108/14637150911003748. [8]G. Eliot,The mill on the Floss. New York: Open Road Integrated Media, 2016. [1]J. Blasini and S. Leist, "Success factors in process performance management",Business Process Management Journal, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 477-495, 2013. Available: 10.1108/14637151311319914. [10]J. Blasini and S. Leist, "Success factors in process performance management",Business Process Management Journal, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 495, 2013. Available: 10.1108/14637151311319914. [4]J. Mendling, J. Recker and H. Reijers, "On the Usage of Labels and Icons in Business Process Modeling",International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 40-58, 2010. Available: 10.4018/jismd.2010040103. [9]Journal of Indian business research, volume 7, issue 2. London: Emerald Group Publ, 2015. [2]O. Marjanovic and R. Freeze, "Knowledge-Intensive Business Process: Deriving a Sustainable Competitive Advantage through Business Process Management and Knowledge Management Integration",Knowledge and Process Management, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 180-188, 2012. Available: 10.1002/kpm.1397. [3]P. Trkman, W. Mertens, S. Viaene and P. Gemmel, "From business process management to customer process management",Business Process Management Journal, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 250- 266, 2015. Available: 10.1108/bpmj-02-2014-0010. Student ID7