Role of Information Technology in Management

This report explains the importance of IT in management and how it helps in storage, productivity, and enhanced knowledge. It covers the computing technologies implemented in the company, ethical and social issues of technology, different types of networks, the impact of the internet on business, and the stages of system development. The case study focuses on TESCO, a multinational grocery chain.

INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY

ABSTRACT
The report explains the importance of IT to ensure the success of the company. The
organisation makes effective use of IT to achieve their goals and sustain the level of
productivity. There are various types of network used by the company to enhance the
efficiency of their management. Sometimes the technology gets affected by various issues of
external and internal environment. The company develops an effective system to ensure the
privacy of their data. Also, the company develops effective workforce which can use the IT
for the betterment of the company and its management.

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................4
TASK 1......................................................................................................................................4
Computing technologies implemented in the company.........................................................4
TASK 2......................................................................................................................................5
Ethical and social issues of the technology............................................................................5
TASK 3......................................................................................................................................6
Different Types of Network...................................................................................................6
TASK 4......................................................................................................................................7
Internet and its effect on business..........................................................................................7
TASK 5......................................................................................................................................8
Role of Information Technology in Management..................................................................8
TASK 6......................................................................................................................................9
Stages of System Development..............................................................................................9
RECOMMENDATIONS.........................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................11
Books and Journal................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Information technology is a technique adopted by the individual to manage the
information effectively. The company uses computers and software to manage their data
which will be effective for their growth prospects. This is responsible for storing, protecting,
processing and transmitting the information wherever it is required. This report deals with the
different computing technologies used by the various companies to maintain its processing
efficiently (Anand and Gray, 2017). TESCO is a multinational grocery 8 chains which is
working across the globe. The company was founded in 1918 headquartered in England, UK.
The company adopts the IT system in an effective way which helps in achieving their level of
productivity. This report focuses on IT systems, its development and maintenance across the
company. It also covers different types of networking system which is to maintain
optimisation. Furthermore, it covers the growth of ICT and impact of usage of internet in the
company. Also, the company have developed a system which helps in maintaining the
working environment of the company. Moreover, this report considers the social and ethical
issues associated with technology. TESCO is managing its large network of grocery chains
due to effective use of technology and communication between those stores.
TASK 1
Computing technologies implemented in the company.
Computing technologies are sued to store and process the data using distributed
resources which are located at the data centres of theirs party. The collaboration of these
services with the management provides the benefits like flexibility and scalability in their
management system. But, it also considers some challenges for the company which involves
enhanced complexity, fragility and many more. These cloud systems require increased
communication and collaboration between the software developers and operators which will
enhance their sales and revenue ratio (Berry, Gaynor and Scott Morton, 2019). TESCO
Company uses a Management Information system to manage their working relationships
effectively. This provides a number of advantages to the company by enhancing the sales and
marketing of the company. Oracle is the MIS which is operated by TESCO which helps the
company in day to day activities planning and controlling. Due to this effective system the
company is planning to enter the property market and developing a website namely TESCO
property market. The strength of this system involves the use of new technology, TESCO
online shops. But it also comes with some challenges which are feedback and ineffective

customer training. With the help of this system, the company will get an insight of the
industry irrespective of their size and understanding of international working. Computing
technology helps in making effective decision for the management of the company and its
operations. The system also stores the data for future purpose which can be helpful for the
company in development of products and services of the company. This will also configure
the problems of the company and loop holes in their working. The oracle system is versatile
as it serves high number of benefits to the company.
TASK 2
Ethical and social issues of the technology.
Ethical issues define what is right and what is wrong for the company in the external
environment. These issues are taken very seriously by the company. But sometimes TESCO
faces some of the issues in implementation of technology in the company. These issues can
be explained as follows:
• Privacy: It is a way that safeguards the data of the company regarding their
management of operation and customers. The data can be secured by implementing
the firewall and other software which will maintain the integrity of data. In context
with TESCO, the accuracy of data is also check through different software to avoid
the misusing of the data. The privacy of data is also the responsibility of the
workforce of the company which ensure the continued growth and success for the
organisation.
• Piracy: The piracy means illegal copy of the data of the company. The competitors of
TESCO apply this strategy which will inform the competitors about their strength and
weakness. This will help them in building competitive edge. There are many laws
designed for protection of the data of the company (Bolton, Goosen and Kritzinger,
2020). The company can sue the other for piracy issue as this will harm the
company’s reputation and will minimise their profit ratio.
Hence, these are ethical issues faced by the company but due to their effective
management, the company is able to maintain the integrity of their data. But there are some
social issues faced by the company which are explained below:
• Communication Breakdown: Due to increased use of technology, there is a
breakdown in communication path of the company. They only depend on the
technology for their working system which results in development of conflicts in the

management of the company. Socialising will ensure cohesion among the workers.
Due to digital marketing and social media the workforce are depended on the
technology. In context with TESCO, the company is highly dependent on technology
due to their large network of operations across worldwide.
• Cyber Theft: It means that the data of the company is used by the third party without
their permission (Corwin, 2018). It is very common in the current situation due to
increased complexities and competition in the working environment. In relation with
TESCO, the company have developed many software to ensure that their data will be
private and the customers can freely purchase their product. There are many legal
laws designed for cyber theft which will reduce their difficulties in the industry.
Hence, these are the social issues faced by the company in using technology across their
working environment.
TASK 3
Different Types of Network.
Network is a way used to exchange the data between different small and large information.
These are used in different educational institutes and companies to make their work easy for
enhancing productivity. Network technicians manages the installation, configuration and
troubleshooting of the network technology. This will help the company in sending videos and
large files to ensure connectivity (Fatehi and Choi, 2019). In relation with TESCO, the
company is using wireless LAN network for efficient transfer of file across the organisation.
This network links two or more devices using wireless communications which forms a local
area network for the company. Also, this provides a gateway to the user to connect at
minimum distance with the network. This is an effective network as it connects more than
one device at a time. Some of the other network types are explained below:
• Local Area Network (LAN): This network connects more than one device in a
specified range of distance. The range of distance varies between 100m to 1km. To set
the network there are requirements of cables, HUB and the peripheral devices. This
network is effective for houses and educational institutions. These networks are
flexible and enhance the communication across the company.
• Metropolitan Network (MAN): This network device is known as bridge of various
LAN network. This network is popular for those who want to connect a large area

with various networks. This helps in improving the connection in the organisation and
also reduces the operational cost of the company.
• Wide Area Network (WAN): This network is a connection of various routers which
will help them in efficient management. This network can be divided into Private
WAN and Public WAN. The public WAN is used by government officials and the
private WAN is used by the department of us military. This network is expensive and
it is not used in every institution (Genus, 2017).
Hence, these are the various networks types which are used by various institutions at
different level. These networks ensure easy sharing of files and minimise the operating cost
of the company.
TASK 4
Internet and its effect on business.
Internet is a global system which connects various systems across the world to ensure
sharing of files and data information. This system uses internet protocol to communicate
between networks which ensure minimization of costs for the company. The internet
performs various ranges of services which involve files sharing, interlinking of hypertext
documents, and application of World Wide Web. The internet has no governance authority
but there are many rules and legal laws developed by the government. These laws ensure the
efficient working of internet system (Gratton, 2018). In relation with TESCO, the growth of
ICT is measured in the enhanced ways of using the internet in the company. The growth of
these sectors enhances the productivity of the company. The company uses the internet into a
number of ways. This system connects the stores to its headquarters by sending the records of
their working for further improvement through this system. Also, Internet has the following
effect on business:
• Accessible: The internet system is assessable to every user across the world. The
business organisations have presence over the internet and the consumer can access
the products of the company through this system. This system is transparent and it
creates a communication bridge between the company and the consumers. This will
help the business organisations in expanding their operations worldwide.
• Information: Internet system is a way to get the information about the company and
its product. The consumers can get the information about the products and their

features. Also, the company will be able to study the latest industry trend and
customer preference and expectations from their products.
Hence, these are the effects of Internet on the business organisations. This system will
help in enhancing the sales and revenues of the company through attainment of goals of the
company.
TASK 5
Role of Information Technology in Management.
Information technology resources are used to manage the operations of the business
effectively. The resources involve the software, hardware and application which serve the
company in a better way. The roles of IT in management of TESCO can be explained as
follows:
• Storage: The foremost role IT plays is the storage. This is important for the company
to store their data effectively (Hoholm, La Rocca and Aanestad, 2018). TESCO stores
their data so that they don’t have to collect it again. It will save their time and
enhances their efficiency. The company is working at a global level so for that the
company have to store the data of diversified customers in their management system
to ensure product development. The IT management have made the work of the
company easier and have minimised their cost which results in enhance profitability.
• More productivity: The productivity of the company is measured through their
workforce. The company must have an effective workforce which knows the usage of
latest technology. The latest development of technology has made a leading position
of TESCO in the marketplace. Also, the company is working in a dynamic
environment and for that they have to devise the strategies that help in collaborating
of IT with workings of the company to ensure less stress level in the organisation.
• Enhanced Knowledge: The IT manages the knowledge of the workforce and
customers of the company (Kinnunen and Siponen, 2018). The knowledge of the
employees of TESCO can be enhanced through effective training and that can be
given through the medium of Internet. The enhanced knowledge will maintain the
integrity of data and privacy. This will also help in optimisation and processing of
data which will be helpful for the customers to access it any time.
Hence, these are the roles of IT in management of the company. The company is working
in a dynamic environment and to achieve success they have to devise latest effective
strategies which will ensure proper utilisation of technology across the globe.

TASK 6
Stages of System Development.
There are various stages of system definitely in technology which can be explained as
follows:
• Planning: The foremost step is to plan the requirements of shareholders and
customers. The research on customer preference will help in developing clarity of
thoughts for the company. TESCO does the market research before introducing any
technology for product development.
• Analysis: It includes the problems faced by the team during the software
development. TESCO analyses the factors effectively and collaborate workforce
functions with goals of the company. Time factor is important in analyses as
sometimes there are strict deadlines for development of products.
• Design: This depends on the requirements of the customers and current industry
trends. The designing software must be launched through effective technology
implementation (Joudrey and Taylor, 2017). TESCO builds its competitive edge
through innovation products development and this can be done through effective use
of technology.
• Implementation: This is an important stage as implementation is affected by several
external factors of the working environment. TESCO implements the development
strategy after evaluating the factors precisely which will enhances their productivity
and profitability. The implementation must be according to the design of designers
which will enhance their market share.
• Testing: The testing is done after its implementation in the practical situations.
TESCO test the software through effective database namely Oracle which helps in
providing effective management information.
• Maintenance: This stage involves regular testing of software and if there any
deviation arises then improvement is performed with immediate effect. This stage
involves providing assistance in using software. TESCO provides training to their
workforce for effective use of technology (Kurylyak and Litovchenko, 2017).
Hence, these are stages of Software development in the organisation and how it
contributes towards the growth and development of the organisation.

RECOMMENDATIONS
The company use two systems namely; SAP and Oracle to administer their needs in
various departments across the globe. But the company evaluates that these systems are not
enough as they have 240000 employees across their network of stores. For managing the
diversified workforce and keep a check on their workings for further improvements is
difficult for the company. The company is searching for a combination of functionality which
helps in Centralising TESCO (Li, 2018). Furthermore, oracle provides a number of benefits
to the company which involves reporting and analysing the sales and purchase system of the
company.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that technology and internet have wider
scope across the globe. The mentioned company have used management information system
to manage their workforce effectively. The system helped the company in managing the stock
system and evaluating the sales figures of the organization. Internet also serves the company
in an efficient way by providing versatile uses to the management system. Although, there
some issues related with its usage and processing but company solves these issues with
strategic management and planning. There are many systems developed for helping the
management of the company as this will serve as a technique to attain the goals of the
company.

REFERENCES
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