Infection Control in Healthcare: Evidence for Nursing Practice

This report discusses the importance of infection control in healthcare and its impact on patient safety. It includes a background on infection control, search strategy, and annotated bibliography of two research articles. The first article focuses on the quantitative analysis of microbial burden on hospital room environmental surfaces contributing to healthcare-associated infections, while the second article discusses the use of positive deviance to achieve efficacy and clarity in the prevention of healthcare-associated infections. The report concludes with the significance of infection control in healthcare and the need for evidence-based nursing practices to prevent healthcare-associated infections.

Evidence for nursing
practice

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................1
SEARCH STRATEGY....................................................................................................................1
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ARTICLE 1.............................................................................3
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ARTICLE 2.............................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................4
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
Infection control is defined as the process or the procedure which is used on such a way that
help to reduce and prevent the spread of infection in the healthcare setting. Moreover, it also
used to reduce the risk of infection from the surface which formulate the risk of infection in the
health care setting (Estrich and et. al., 2020). In this report, the discussion is based on infection
control that follow the structure of background and the search strategy that provide information
about the source of data collection which is relevant to infection control. The qualitative and the
quantitative research article is selected for this report. Moreover, the annotated bibliography is
being underlying in the research with the thematic perspective of article which derive the aspect
as a summary (Brusaferro and et. al., 2018.
BACKGROUND
The infection control is usually a helpful aspect which follow under the healthcare setting
to reduce the issue which is originated due the pathogen which may create risk of life. the
infection control nurse is used to provide an aspect which helpful to derive the best possible
implementation for the halting the spread of the virus and the bacteria which help to deliver the
top care to patient who have contracted infectious disease (Kuhar and et. al., 2018). In this,
infection prevention and the control is the clinical application which is based on the
microbiology in the term of practice. The RCN consider some of the areas in order to enhance
the key to quality, patient safety and system which is based on governance and an integral
elements of the reducing the antimicrobial resistance named (AMR) (Alrubaiee and et. al., 2017).
SEARCH STRATEGY
Search Strategy Table
Theme selected: (Infection Control etc.)
Quantitative Question Chosen: What are the quantitative analysis of the microbial burden on the
hospital room environment surface contributing to healthcare.
Databases Searched &
Rationale
Infectious disease society of America, OXFORD academic.
They used to show the prevalence and number of mortality which is often
associated with the rising cases of pathogenic death in the healthcare
setting. It is occurring and show the rationale to create the knowledge
regards with the environment surface contributing to the healthcare.
Population Intervention (I) Comparison Outcome (O)
1

(P) (C)
PICO Breakdown The
admitted
people faces
issue with
infection
within the
healthcare
setting.
Based on the
standard
disinfection
program.
No other
alternative.
Quality of health
and acre and
reduce the burden
of infection
control.
Additional search terms
added if any (and linked
with OR. e.g. synonyms,
abbreviations, different
word endings, different
spellings,
category/example)
Quantitative study of infection control.
Inclusion criteria
 RCT is required.
 Hospital and healthcare professional with
patient.
Exclusion Limits
 RCT is not required.
 Study based on description and number of
OTC patient.
Number of Studies retrieved after limits applied: 2
Qualitative Question Chosen: What are the aspect that follow beyond the hospital control guidelines
Databases searched &
Rationale
NCBI
In this, they article state about the burden which focus on the various
control guideline which is required within the hospital to control the
infection. Moreover, the healthcare associated infection is major issue
which is used to explain the formulation of complex issue in the
descriptive manners.
(P)opulatio
n
Phenomenon of (I)nterest (Co)ntext
PICo Breakdown People
facing issue
with the
infection
within
hospital.
The hospital ward of
infection control focus on
the minimisation of the
risk which is associated
with control guidelines.
In this, they concentrate on
the constructivism and
realism of the article which
focus on the minimisation of
risk by infection control.
Additional search terms
added if any (and linked
with OR. e.g. synonyms,
abbreviations, different
word endings, different
spellings,
category/example)
Infection control in healthcare setting.
Infection control guidelines.
Prevention for the healthcare associated infection.
Inclusion criteria (e.g. publication date) Exclusion Limits
2

 RCT is required.
 Hospital staff and patient.
 Healthcare infection control staff
 RCT is not required
 People with OTC is not included
Number of Studies retrieved
after limits applied:
3
Full references for the 2 Studies chosen for annotated bibliography after review of titles and/ or
abstracts:
1. Quantitative: Rutala. A.W and et. al., 2017, Quantitative Analysis of Microbial Burden
on Hospital Room Environmental Surfaces Contributing to Healthcare-
Associated Infections, Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Volume 4, Issue
suppl_1, Fall 2017, Page S192.
2. Qualitative: Cohen. R and et. al., 2018, Beyond the hospital infection control
guidelines: a qualitative study using positive deviance to characterize grey
areas and to achieve efficacy and clarity in the prevention of healthcare-
associated infections, published online 2018 Oct 24.
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ARTICLE 1
Rutala. A.W and et. al., 2017, Quantitative Analysis of Microbial Burden on Hospital Room
Environmental Surfaces Contributing to Healthcare-Associated Infections, Open Forum
Infectious Diseases, Volume 4, Issue suppl_1, Fall 2017, Page S192.
In this, the research is based on the quantitative aspect which follow the aspect which
provide information which is based on the contaminated environmental surface which is
completely involve in the transmission which is based on the epidemiological essential pathogen.
In this, it is remaining unknown that have a level of microbial load which help to contribute in
the aspect of healthcare associated infection. The proper use of the microbiological data is
implemented that is obtain from the benefits of enhanced terminal room (BETR) study based on
the disinfection which make study in order to interrogate the qualitative relationship between the
microbial burden and the risk of health associated infection.
While the contrast with the summary of the article, it helps to provide the overall
conclusion is that the sample in the room of the patient with the healthcare associated infection.
In this, they have the mean value which is 39.3 CFU while the sample form the room of patient
without the health associated has a mean 35.6 CFU. While taking the contrast of standard
disinfection, the sampled room from the health associated infection which had significant higher
number of total CFU which show the mean 65.1 CFU.
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ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ARTICLE 2
Cohen. R and et. al., 2018, Beyond the hospital infection control guidelines: a qualitative study
using positive deviance to characterize grey areas and to achieve efficacy and clarity in the
prevention of healthcare-associated infections, published online 2018 Oct 24.
The healthcare associated infection which is one of the complex issue which is associated
with the healthcare. In this, they managed the world health organisation is used to claim that the
hundreds of the patient is usually affected due to health associated infection on the worldwide
levels. It is annually reported that the 4544100 infection and 37000 fatalities are usually reported
in the EU. In this 2000000 infection and the 100000 fatalities is around the US. The health
associated infection that is reduced through the infection which is transmitted through the
healthcare worker. In this, they used to provide the aspect which work as intervention that reduce
the complication by using the approach of hand hygiene and maintaining social distance while
meeting any patient. The main aim of the practice is to create more effective and feasible
guidelines. In addition to this, the hand sanitizer is also aspect which is followed in order to
reduce the issue which is may associated with healthcare associated infection.
CONCLUSION
As per the above discussion, it is analysing that the healthcare associated infection may
create issue with the stimulus who is resident in the hospital. In order to reduce the complication,
the infection control is taken. With this contrast, the research article is selected that focus on the
qualitative and the quantitative aspect and provide the detail and information that based on the
information which is selected for the project.
4

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alrubaiee and et. al., 2017. Knowledge and practices of nurses regarding nosocomial infection
control measures in private hospitals in Sana’a City, Yemen. Safety in Health, 3(1), pp.1-
6.
Brusaferro and et. al., 2018. Hospital Hygiene and Infection Prevention and Control in Italy:
state of the art and perspectives.
Chapman and et. al., 2017. Perceived barriers to adherence to tuberculosis infection control
measures among health care workers in the Dominican Republic. MEDICC review, 19,
pp.16-22.
Estrich and et. al., 2020. Estimating COVID-19 prevalence and infection control practices among
US dentists. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 151(11), pp.815-824.
Kuhar and et. al., 2018. Healthcare infection control practices advisory committee
(HICPAC). 2018.
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