Types of Health Information Systems (HIS) PDF

Guneypark Hastanesi 1
GUNEYPARK HASTANESI HATAY
Abstract

Guneypark Hastanesi 2
Guneypark Hastenesi Hatay is one of the key healthcare facilities in Turkey and it has
continued appreciating the significance of technology within the organization. Effective
technological application in hospitals is vital in leading to more efficient operations.
Nevertheless, it is always critical to consider the protection of the confidentiality of patients
in the best ways possible to ensure that the technology is working for their best interests. As a
challenge, privacy and confidentiality need to be always protected using full proof electronic
patient record (EPR). This project is aimed at building a robust system for Guneypark
Hastanesi Hatay Hospital to improve on the existing operations while also ensuring that the
hospital is in the best position to protect the privacy and confidentiality of patients. The
system will be strategic to boosting the hospital operations in both the short-term and long-
term in a manner that is reliable enough.
Keywords: Guneypark Hastanesi Hospital, technology, e-health, confidentiality
Table of Contents
Abstract.....................................................................................................................................2
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND............................................7
1.1 Background of the Problem.................................................................................... 7
1.2 Motivation........................................................................................................ 7
1.3 Research Aim..................................................................................................... 8
1.4 MOST Analysis.................................................................................................. 8

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1.5 Study Design..................................................................................................... 9
1.6 Legal, Social and Ethical Concerns........................................................................11
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW.....................................................................12
2.1 Systems Theories and the Health Information Systems (HIS)........................................12
2.2 Types of Health Information Systems (HIS)................................................14
2.3 The Technologies of the Health Information Systems.................................................17
Semantic Web..............................................................................................................................17
Web Services...............................................................................................................................17
Health Grid..................................................................................................................................18
VOIP............................................................................................................................................18
Application of the Health Information Systems at the Hospital...........................................19
2.4 Threats to Healthcare networks............................................................................. 21
2.5 Data Security to maintain Privacy and Confidentiality.................................................23
2.6 Threat Assessment..................................................................................... 26
2.7 Health Information Systems Techniques and Data Modeling in Healthcare
Organizations................................................................................................... 27
2.8 Project Management Tools................................................................................ 34
2.8.1 SCRUM AS A TOOL TO BE USED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE PROJECT
.....................................................................................................................................................34
2.8.2 Critical Path......................................................................................................................36
2.8.3 Work Breakdown structure.............................................................................................37
CHAPTER FOUR: DISCUSSION.......................................................................................38
3.1 Current Health Information Systems in Guneypark Hastanesi Hospital............................38
3.2 Requirements Catalogue..................................................................................... 40
3.2.1 Functional Requirements....................................................................................................40
3.2.2 Non-Functional Requirements............................................................................................42
3.3 Issues of Data Security and Privacy at Guneypark Hastanesi Hospital.......42
3.4 Recommended System to Improve Hospital Operations and Patient Privacy at Guneypark
Hastanesi Hatay Hospital......................................................................................... 44
3.5 Soft Systems Methodology.........................................................................44
Step 1: The consideration of the problematic situation................................................................45
Step 2: Problem expression..........................................................................................................45
Step 3: Formulation of root definitions........................................................................................47
3.6 Strategic Analysis....................................................................................... 66
3.6.1 SWOT Analysis..................................................................................................................66
3.6.2 GENERAL RISK ASSESSMENT...................................................................................69
3.6.3 PESTEL Analysis...............................................................................................................71

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3.6.4 Balanced Score Card...........................................................................................................73
3.7 Software development life-cycle................................................................75
3.8 Enterprise Architecture with the Zachman Framework...............................................76
Guneypark Hospital Management System Modeling with Zachman..................................77
3.8.2 The Enterprise/Business Model..........................................................................................80
3.8.3 System Model.....................................................................................................................80
3.8.4 The Technology..................................................................................................................82
3.8.5 Detailed Representation......................................................................................................82
3.8.6 Functioning Enterprise........................................................................................................83
3.8.7 Conclusion..........................................................................................................................83
3.9 Stakeholder Responses.............................................................................. 83
3.10 Design Models as per Zachman Framework.............................................85
5.1 Conclusion...................................................................................................... 94
5.2 Recommendations............................................................................................. 96
Appendices..............................................................................................................................99
INFORMATION SHEET...................................................................................... 102
INFORMED CONSENT FORM............................................................................102
QUESTIONNAIRE............................................................................................. 103
Bibliography.........................................................................................................................104
List of Figures
Figure 1: Hospital Information systems (CISs).....................................................14
Figure 2: Community Health Information network (CHIN)....................................15
Figure 3: e- Public health information systems....................................................16
Figure 4: System Architecture of Security Framework for Health Information
Management (Jung, Jang and Kang, 2014)...........................................................24
Figure 5: Security of Patient’s Data through Encryption (Kardas and Tunali, 2006)
............................................................................................................................ 26
Figure 6: Patient Security Model
....................................................................................................................31
Figure 7: E-Health Components (Aer-ameos.net, 2015)......................................36
Figure 8: The Problematic Situation.................................................................
..............................................41

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Figure 9: The Rich Picture - Issues Arising from Implementation............................
..................................43
Figure 10: Receptionist Case Diagram........................................................
...................................................46
Figure 11: Patient Case Diagram........................................................
............................................................47
Figure 12: Nurse Case Diagram........................................................
..............................................................48
Figure 13: Doctor Case Diagram........................................................
............................................................49
Figure 14: User Case Log-in Process........................................................
......................................................50
Figure 15: Overall Hospital User Case........................................................
...................................................51
Figure 16: Activity Diagram........................................................
.....................................................................52
Figure 17: Admin User Level Security........................................................
....................................................53
Figure 18: Sequence Diagram For Appointment Scheduling............................
.........................................54
Figure 19: Sequence Diagram for Consulting........................................................
.......................................55
Figure 20: Creating Appointment........................................................
..........................................................56
Figure 21: Sequence Diagram for Doctor Allocation............................
.......................................................57
Figure 22: Class Diagram....................................................................................
.............................................58
Figure 23: State Chart Diagram........................................................
..............................................................59
Figure 24: Entity Relationship Model........................................................
....................................................60
Figure 25: Balance Score-Card for Guney park Hospital............................
.................................................66
Figure 26: Project Scope Diagram........................................................
..........................................................72

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Figure 27: Patient registration........................................................
................................................................92
Figure 28: Patient Appointment........................................................
.............................................................92
Figure 29: Patient Management........................................................
.............................................................93
Figure 30: Appointment Management........................................................
..................................................93
List of Tables
Table 1: Threats Identified At Guneypark
Hospital...............................................................................26
Table 2: Functional and Non-Functional Requirements for Guneypark
Hospital....................................37
Table 3: Comparison of Problems and
Solutions..........................................................................................60
Table 4: PESTEL Analysis................................................................................. 65
Table 5: His
Model..................................................................................................................
..........................66
Table 6: Artifacts and the Zachman Framework..........................................70
Table 7: Guneypark Hospital Management System Modeling with
Zachman............................................................................................................ 78

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CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND
1.1 Background of the Problem
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are gaining importance in
healthcare industry as more and more hospitals are adapting to new technologies. ICT has
helped these hospitals increase the efficiency and effectiveness of their services. A standard
practice is to deploy a Healthcare information systems (HIS) which is very useful in assessing
information quickly and performing other activities like data storage, and information
processing (Akbulut, Terekli and Yıldırım, 2012).
Some trends have been observed in HIS systems of shifting their focus from departmental
systems to regional or global HIS, use of HIS data for multiple purposes including patient
care, administrative work, healthcare planning, and research investigation. HIS systems were
used initially with an aim to improve the quality of healthcare services. In a Health
Information system, individuals, processes and technologies interact with each other to
deliver information to a user.

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There are a variety of HIS systems available such as Community Health Information
network (CHIN), and the e- Public Health Information Systems. Guneypark Hastanesi
Hospital from Turkey uses a Health information system which is currently facing certain
issues related to privacy, confidentiality and security.
1.2 Motivation
An HIS can have significant effect on the service quality of a hospital. This project
would thus, involve development of a system which is improved upon the current system
used by the hospital. The solution would be able to boost operations in the hospital (Bolin &
Kaestner, 2012). This would get the operations aligned with the aim of the hospital to always
provide services to patients in best possible ways and achieve its mission, “District and local
people; Reliable, quality, economical and easily accessible health service” (Locatelli, Restifo,
Gastaldi, & Corso, 2011). The solution will provide three key benefits to the hospital
business and these include:
 Business processes would be automated that would improve the efficiency of the
system with reduction in human errors and increased accuracy of data
 With improved efficiency of work, hospital staff would be able to take better and
faster decisions which would improve the quality of patient care which in turn would
increase the bed turnover positively affecting revenues of the hospital
 Operational costs of the hospital would reduce in the long run with reduction in
administrative expenses with automation
The vision of the project is to develop a hospital management system that eliminates all the
current issues of the Guneypark hospital and makes the hospital most efficient and effective
in the region using state-of-art technologies.