The Origins/Evolution of Information Process Theory
Added on 2023-01-05
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Running head: INFORMATION PROCESS THEORY 1
The Origins/Evolution of your DMT
Student
Institution
The Origins/Evolution of your DMT
Student
Institution
INFORMATION PROCESS THEORY 2
Information processing theory was founded by George A. Miller between 1920 and 2012.
Other contributors to the evolution of information process theory are: Atkinson and Shriffin in
1968, Craik and Lockhart in 1972, and Rumelhart and McClelland in 1986.This theory evolved
out of the American experimental tradition in psychology. Basically, the authors of this theory
were interested in comparing human brain’s capability to process information to that of a basic
processor or a computer. Information processing theory discusses the mechanism under which
learning happens (Estes, 1978).
George A. Miller’s information process theory laid more emphasis on the continuous
pattern of human brain development. The creator of information process theory, George A.
Miller, provided two theoretical concepts which have been fundamental in cognitive psychology
and also in the frameworks of information processing (Ramon, 2005). The concept of
“chunking” led the rank with the short-term memory capacity. In building the theory, George A.
Miller argued that short-term memory was only able to hold 5-9 information chunks where a
chunk means a unit of meaningful information (Maxine & Elizabeth, 2005). In this case,
George A. Miller associated a “chunk” with words, faces of people, digits, or chess. This
chunking and limited capacity of short-term memory has since then been considered by the other
theorists namely Atkinson and Shriffin in 1968, Craik and Lockhart in 1972, and Rumelhart and
McClelland in 1986 as a basic element to all subsequent memory theories.
As stated above, George A. Miller came up with the second concept of “Test-Operate-
Test-Exit” (TOTE). The TOTE concept was also supported by Galanter and Pribran in his 1960
theoretical amendment. George A. Miller together with his college theorists postulated that this
TOTE concept should take the place for stimuli-response and be considered as a basic behavior
unit (Lisa, Diane, Ann, Andre, & Lynn, 2009). George A. Miller et al. suggested that under a
Information processing theory was founded by George A. Miller between 1920 and 2012.
Other contributors to the evolution of information process theory are: Atkinson and Shriffin in
1968, Craik and Lockhart in 1972, and Rumelhart and McClelland in 1986.This theory evolved
out of the American experimental tradition in psychology. Basically, the authors of this theory
were interested in comparing human brain’s capability to process information to that of a basic
processor or a computer. Information processing theory discusses the mechanism under which
learning happens (Estes, 1978).
George A. Miller’s information process theory laid more emphasis on the continuous
pattern of human brain development. The creator of information process theory, George A.
Miller, provided two theoretical concepts which have been fundamental in cognitive psychology
and also in the frameworks of information processing (Ramon, 2005). The concept of
“chunking” led the rank with the short-term memory capacity. In building the theory, George A.
Miller argued that short-term memory was only able to hold 5-9 information chunks where a
chunk means a unit of meaningful information (Maxine & Elizabeth, 2005). In this case,
George A. Miller associated a “chunk” with words, faces of people, digits, or chess. This
chunking and limited capacity of short-term memory has since then been considered by the other
theorists namely Atkinson and Shriffin in 1968, Craik and Lockhart in 1972, and Rumelhart and
McClelland in 1986 as a basic element to all subsequent memory theories.
As stated above, George A. Miller came up with the second concept of “Test-Operate-
Test-Exit” (TOTE). The TOTE concept was also supported by Galanter and Pribran in his 1960
theoretical amendment. George A. Miller together with his college theorists postulated that this
TOTE concept should take the place for stimuli-response and be considered as a basic behavior
unit (Lisa, Diane, Ann, Andre, & Lynn, 2009). George A. Miller et al. suggested that under a
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