Information System and Big Data Analysis

This article discusses different models, techniques, and theories related to the design and development of different IR solutions. It covers different systems like decision support system, executive support system, transaction processing system, management information system, and knowledge management system. It also explains the impact of IT over globalization and the risks associated with information system outsourcing. Additionally, it provides insights into why IT infrastructure is critical to digital transformation.

Information system and
big data analysis

Contents
Contents...........................................................................................................................................2
Section 1..........................................................................................................................................1
1.0 Description of models, techniques and theories related to the design and development of
different IR solutions...................................................................................................................1
2.0 Definition and example for different system.........................................................................1
3.0 Globalisation and impact of IT over globalisation................................................................4
Section 2..........................................................................................................................................4
1.0 Risk associated with information system outsourcing...........................................................4
2.0 why the IT infrastructure is critical to digital transformation..............................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

Section 1
1.0 Description of models, techniques and theories related to the design and development of
different IR solutions
MS Office
MS Office can be described as a suite for different applications which helps to improve
productivity as well as completion of the different tasks on a computer device. It is used for
purpose of creating as well as editing of documents which can be in form of images, text,
spreadsheet data, posters and other things. There are different types of tools included in this like
MS word, Ms excels, MS Access and MS PowerPoint. MS word is one of the tools used by
companies for purpose of editing of documents, developing of new documents and other work
(Venter and Swart, 2018). MS Excel is a tool used by companies for purpose of saving their data,
and managing financial information and other sheets. MS PowerPoint enables companies to
develop a presentation that helps to explain details about the offering of the company to the
client. All these tools are used by companies in order to increase the efficiency of their work and
also help them to complete their work in less time. It also makes it easier for companies to save
and protects the data of the company in an effective manner by saving it on their computers.
McAfee:
It is one of the applications which was established in the year 1987 by John McAfee. It is a
company that was acquired by Intel in the year 2011 and now become an important part for
purpose of security of Intel. McAfee is an organisation that is known for security and also
provides different digital solutions to devices and computers. It is a security application that
offers security for purpose of viruses, attacks, bots and many other things. Other than this, it is a
system that consists of information protected through software (Grant and et. al., 2021). These
help to protect information from spam, hackers, cyber stacks and other things. McAfee system is
one of the systems which is used by companies and also consists of antivirus, filtering, and
standardisation that offer outcome to business. Other than this, it also protects the HTML text of
the companies.
2.0 Definition and example for different system
Decision support system
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It is a computer system that is used by companies for purpose of improving the decision-making
capabilities of companies. It is used for purpose of analysation of data and also for presenting it
to organisation in order to find out the best options. It is a system that helps to bring knowledge
and data of different areas as well as the different source in order to offer different information to
users which is beyond summaries as well as reports (Yun, Ma and Yang, 2021). It is a system
that is intended to assist people for making the right and informed decisions. Information
required by a typical decision support application is the comparative analysis of sales figures,
project revenue based on sales assumptions and consequences of different decisions.
Examples of decision support systems:
 GPS route planning requires a decision support system that assists them to plan the best
as well as fastest routes. It is also important for them in order to analyse the best options
that is based on the monitoring of traffic.
 Crop Planning is another example of a decision support system that helps farmers for
purpose of determining the best plant, fertilise as well as reap crops.
Executive support system
It is a system that is used by senior managers of the company in a direct manner that provides
support to them in order to make the nonprogrammed decision for strategic management. The
information included in this is unstructured, uncertain as well as external. The content and exact
scope of these information is not known to a person beforehand (Maboudi Neishabouri and
Rezaee, 2021). These are information based on different intelligence systems like investment,
technology and market.
Examples of executive support system
 It is a system that assists an organisation in investment planning as it used different data
like financial data of the company in order to make decision-related to investment. It
allows them to invest in the best suitable option for purpose of the company.
 It is a system that provides a marketing report to the management of the company in
order to help them with a marketing strategy for the company that assists them in the
attainment of the goals and objectives.
Transaction Processing System
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It is an information processing system that is used by businesses for transaction consist
retrievals, modification and collection of different data. It is based on consistency, performance
and reliability.
Examples of transaction processing system
 Another example of a transaction processing system includes an airline reservation
system in which tickets for flights can be booked by a person through online platforms
before the date (Asim, 2018).
 Examples of transaction process systems are bank account processing systems which
enable the customer to proceed with the transaction from their home through their
software.
Management Information System
It is a system that is linked with the study of technology, people, organisation as well as their
relationship. It is s system that provides assistance to organisation for purpose of maximisation
of benefits of investment in the context to equipment, business processes and personnel. It is a
field that is people oriented and also emphasises over the services by technology.
Examples of Management Information System
 The management information system is used by large companies for purpose of
enterprise resources planning. This system can also be used by companies at small scale.
This resource planning of the company is used by the business unit and management
(Jeyaraj, 2020).
 MIS system also used by companies for purpose of management of the supply chain as it
provides assistance for integrating support of material management from the
manufacturer, retainers as we as suppliers to the consumers.
Knowledge Management System
A knowledge management system refers to a tool that is used by different companies in order to
provide assistance to organise documentation, information and different asked questions into
easily accessible formats to different customers. This system is also used by companies for
purpose of keeping documentation of the company up to date, management of knowledge and
also offering assistance to answer customers.
Examples of the knowledge management systems
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 One of the example of a knowledge management system is an online community forum
developed by companies in order to know their customers, develop a network and get
peer-to-peer support. It assists companies in order to make their customers more engaged
and happier with the companies as it allows the business to develop content on the basis
of market research and user feedback (Mayasari and Chandra, 2020).
 The learning management system is also an example of the knowledge management
system that is focused on housing, tracking as well as distributing learning as well as
training material in an organisation.
3.0 Globalisation and impact of IT over globalisation
Globalisation refers to the growing interdependence of economies of the world, population and
culture which bring cross-border trade of technology, people goods and services, investment and
other things. It allows countries to have an economic partnership that ensures movements for
centuries. Technological development and also advancement of international cooperation give
rise to international cooperation by connecting the world. IT has created an impact over
globalisation in different manners which are mentioned below:
 Reduce cost: Increasing development of information technology helps businesses to
reduce the cost of transportation which is beneficial for companies. It allows them to sell
their products to different countries without bearing a large cost. It motivates them for
purpose of globalisation and allows business to expand their market share.
 Virtual movement: Advancement of IT also helps countries for purpose of sharing
technologies among the countries. It is important for countries in order to adopt new
technology that provides benefits to them (Rahman, 2020).
 Outsourcing: The development of IT also allows companies to outsource their products
and service. It allows business to produce their products from another country where
labour and material are cheaper in comparison to domestic countries.
Section 2
1.0 Risk associated with information system outsourcing
Risk is creating a negative impact on the business and it reflects the probability of failure for a
person. Different types of risk associated with outsourcing of information systems are mentioned
below:
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 Loss of control is a risk which occur due to outsourcing of production of products as well
as services.
 Communication barrier also takes place due to physical distance between business as well
as a production unit.
 Outsourcing of information technology shows that it will reduce the cost of the company
but it consists of different hidden costs for business.
 In outsourcing, if the business does not find the right vendor, then it creates a negative
impact on the business as well as its market image (Huang and et. al., 2019).
 Privacy and security of data of the company is also a risk that is linked with outsourcing
as due to this, data of the company is shared to the third party that will increase the risk
present in the business.
 Another risk is related to the quality of products to be produced through outsourcing as it
can create a negative impact on the image of the company as well as their cost.
 In outsourcing, vendors sometimes hired employees with no experience which creates an
impact on the efficiency of services and also the quality of the products.
 Delay in order to deliver of products and services is also caused due to outsourcing of
digital infrastructure. It creates a negative impact on the image of the company in the
market.
 Businesses cannot outsource the key products of the company as it increases the
dependence of the company over the outsourced company and also increases competition
by offering products in the marketplace.
2.0 why the IT infrastructure is critical to digital transformation
Digital transformation can be described as the integration of digital technologies in different
areas of business and ensuring changes in the ways in which a company is operating and the
leveraging of values to customers. It also ensures changes in the culture of the company by
helping them to overcome of challenges. One of the examples of digital transformation is the
innovative use of technology by Dominos. When a person thinks about pizza, the first thing
came to their mind is dominos. There is different probe in their product but the company identify
all the needs of customers and also works over it (Sousa and Rocha, 2019). It allows them to
introduce a marketing campaign yea we did. It is using technology for purpose of tracking the
delivery of their pizza.
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Digital barriers are those which create problems in the effective delivery of digital services to
users. It is an important component that is considered by businesses in order to improve and
enhance the experience of users. There are different digital barriers to be considered by a person.
For instance, data breaching is one of the barriers of communication that create a threat for the
business. Lack of technical assistance also creates barriers for purpose of effective services.
Information technology infrastructure is can be defined as the component of an information
technology set that are considered as foundation for the purpose of different types of IT services.
It consists of different software as well as networks It consists all the networks, software,
facilities and networks that is required in order to delivery, monitor, control and develop IT
services. IT infrastructure examples includes mobile connectivity, user devices, network
utilisation, data security and communication services.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Asim, M., 2018. Transaction processing system: An Introduction to the apply of Electronic
Management Model Proposed in the Nineveh province center for training syste. journal
of kirkuk University For Administrative and Economic Sciences, 8(1).
Grant, J.J., and et. al., 2021. Biomedical applications of electrospun graphene oxide. ACS
Biomaterials Science & Engineering, 7(4), pp.1278-1301.
Huang, M., and et. al., 2019. Quality risk in logistics outsourcing: A fourth party logistics
perspective. European Journal of Operational Research, 276(3), pp.855-879.
Jeyaraj, A., 2020. DeLone & McLean models of information system success: Critical meta-
review and research directions. International Journal of Information Management, 54,
p.102139.
Maboudi Neishabouri, R. and Rezaee, S.A., 2021. Challenges of Executive Support for
Settlement Agreements Reflected in Arbitration Award with a Comparative Study in the
New York Convention 1958. Journal of Law Research.
Mayasari, Y. and Chandra, T., 2020. Social capital for knowledge management system of the
creative industry. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the
Global Economy.
Rahman, M.M., 2020. Environmental degradation: The role of electricity consumption,
economic growth and globalisation. Journal of environmental management, 253,
p.109742.
Sousa, M.J. and Rocha, Á., 2019. Digital learning: Developing skills for digital transformation of
organizations. Future Generation Computer Systems, 91, pp.327-334.
Venter, M. and Swart, A.J., 2018, April. An integrated model for the continuous use intention of
Microsoft Office simulation software. In 2018 IEEE Global Engineering Education
Conference (EDUCON) (pp. 320-329). IEEE.
Yun, Y., Ma, D. and Yang, M., 2021. Human–computer interaction-based decision support
system with applications in data mining. Future Generation Computer Systems, 114,
pp.285-289.
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