Utilization of Information System in Organizations

This report discusses the utilization of information system in organizations, specifically in HR, E-commerce, M-commerce, and the impact of cloud computing and artificial intelligence. Case studies of companies like Amazon, Walmart, Starbucks, and Uber are analyzed.

Running head: INFORMATION SYSTEM
INFORMATION SYSTEM
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Table of Contents
Introduction....................................................................................................................3
Discussion......................................................................................................................4
HR system..................................................................................................................4
Case study 1...............................................................................................................4
HR system in Marks & Spencer.............................................................................4
Case study 2...............................................................................................................5
HR system at global data systems..............................................................................5
E-commerce...............................................................................................................6
Case study 1...............................................................................................................6
Information system in Amazon..............................................................................6
Case study 2...............................................................................................................7
Information system in Walmart.............................................................................7
M-commerce..............................................................................................................8
Case study 1...............................................................................................................8
Starbucks m-commerce..........................................................................................8
Case study 2...............................................................................................................8
Uber m-Commerce.................................................................................................8
Impact of cloud computing on information system...................................................9
Impact of artificial intelligence on information system...........................................10
Conclusion....................................................................................................................10
References....................................................................................................................12

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Introduction
This report aims to emphasize on the utilisation of information system in
organisations. The analysis of different cases of using information system are briefly
discussed in this report. This report provides a detailed discussion on the utilisation of
information by companies in the department of human resource. The impact of the emerging
and the existing technology such as artificial intelligence and cloud computing in the creation
and implementation of information system is stated in this report. Lastly, this report
concludes with an appropriate conclusion of this report.
The system that is organised for the storage, collection, organisation and
communication of various information is referred as information system. Commonly,
information system is described as the combination of functions, business processes, data,
software, hardware, and process of the business that can be utilised by the organisation for
management of the organisation and increasing the efficiency of the business (Laudon and
Laudon 2016).

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Discussion
HR system
The information system that is implemented for the management of the human
resources of the company is referred as the human resource information system (Armstrong
and Taylor 2014).
Case study 1
HR system in Marks & Spencer
In the recent years, several researches have been conducted for understanding the
importance of information system in the businesses (Wilson 2015). The development of the
employees in the management of organisations has faced severe growth in the practices of
employee development (Kiron et al. 2013). M&S have adopted several strategies for
cultivating trust among the employees and loyalty in all the business sectors for better
engagement in the operations of the company. The HRM of the company is responsible for
several duties such as Selection and recruitment, compensation, involvement and employee
welfare, development of the organisation, management of performance, and employee
motivation. The HRMS provides the tracking of any applicant, process of interview and
confirmation process. The company also utilises the HRMS for the processes of training,
tracking the performance of the employees and the participation.
According to previous researches, it can be observed that the information system for
the human resource department was implemented with the growth of IT in the market
(Hannington 2016). With the help of information system, the recruitment process has become
easier and more efficient for the company. The HRMS helps the human resource department
to conduct the recruitment process more efficiently.
The professional code of conduct that is linked with this information system are:

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 Analysis of the relationship among the ethical, social, and political issues that are
raised by the information system
 Identification of the major moral dimensions of the information society and the
particular principles for conduct that can be utilised for the guiding of decisions
that are ethical.
Case study 2
HR system at global data systems
The company, global data systems are leading provider of solutions of technology and
telecommunications. As the process of hiring was manual in the company, this manual hiring
process lead to the situation of confusion in the company. The scalability of the functions of
HR was not available with the manual hiring process. The company needed the system of
HRIS for combining all the functions of the company. The major component that the
company was searching was the Core HR, benefits, payroll, attendance and time,
management of performance and the management of tools. In addition to this, the company
had the goal implementing a system that can introduce the greatest value amount (Storey
2014). The issues of the company were requirement of a single, comprehensive record
system for the functions of HRIS, need of the greatest value, search of vendors with
particular technicality, selection among several vendors, and the requirement of highly
credible source for recommendations of the system. The solution that was gained for these
issues was the implementation of HRIS. The selection of the vendors was easily done with
the new information system. The process that were simplified includes screening calls
initially, the demos and the RFPs.
The HRIS that was implemented in the second case study was that the company
gained majorly in the recruitment process and the selection of the vendors for the

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organisation. The GDPR affects the use of the system use by ensuring the privacy of the data
of the organisation and the proper management strategies can be enforced. The utilisation of
AI in the system of the organisations can help in implementing effective recruitment process
and the security of the data can be improved with the AI implementation.
E-commerce
The information system that is implemented in the business of E-commerce helps the
flow of information among the organisations and the external customers, competitors and the
suppliers.
Case study 1
Information system in Amazon
The strategy of the E-business for the company is incorporated in the initiatives of the
development of the business/IT for the generation of revenue through the concept of
transaction of B2C and B2B. The four characteristics of the systems software of knowledge
management are the enhancing the processes of creation of knowledge for the organisation,
retrieval/ storage of information, application and transfer (Huang and Benyoucef 2013).
Almost $200 million were spent on the new system (Li et al. 2013). The new information
system provided the company with the technology of 1-click ordering, shopping services for
the customers that were personalised and the card transaction facilities that can be easily
utilised. The secured server of Amazon automatically offers the required information for the
customers who are already registered.an intelligent recommendation system has been
designed by the Amazon Company, which helps in recommending items to the customers
based on the previous purchasing history and the data of searching by the customers.
The supply chain management of the company majorly deals with the utilisation of
technology of RFID framework. The devices that have wireless communication of android

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and iPhone consists of interfaces of application, access to internet, data storage, Wi-Fi,
Bluetooth, camera and GPS. The technology of RFID is the latest technology that is used by
the multinational retailers such as amazon. Amazon also utilises oracle as the ERP. The
professional code of conduct that is analysed in this section are:
 Evaluation of the impact of the systems of contemporary information and the
internet on protection of individual privacy and the intellectual property.
 The assessment of the effect of information system in the daily life.
Case study 2
Information system in Walmart
Conventionally, the utilisation of CRM is done by the Walmart. With the help of this
technology, the generation of loyal and consistent customer can be done by the company with
the help of valuable information gathering by utilising the CRM software ((Chiu et al. 2014).
The organisation can also gain knowledge about the needs of the customers by interacting
with the customers. Still, even if the system was performing as expected, the technology is
not a substitute for the human interaction as this system is a tool for the interpretation of the
data. The company implemented the technology of RFID for the effective management of the
supply chain. The company gained the benefit from the implementation of the RFID as this
technology deals with the complete process, which ranges from sales to production of the
products with the help of a small chip.
The implementation of the RFID technology in the Walmart was to simplify the
management of supply chain whereas in the case of Amazon the information system was
implemented to simplify the e-commerce business of the company. The GDPR impacts the
case of E-commerce by introducing modified guidelines for the security of the data of the
customers in the E-commerce businesses. The AI can be useful in the case for Amazon for

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simplifying the transaction methods of the customer and provide better recommendations to
the customers.
M-commerce
Case study 1
Starbucks m-commerce
The information system in the m-commerce is defined as the systems of computer that
helps the organisation by providing details or information on the business operations of the
company. The POS idea of Starbucks is available in the mobile devices of iPhone and
blackberry (Niranjanamurthy et al. 2013). The initial steps while accessing the mobile
applications is to download the applications of Starbucks card mobile in the phones. When
the customers arrive at the counter of Starbucks, they can just inform the employee to make
the payment of their order using the mobile phones. The process of payment is completed
when the consumer opens the application and utilises the 2D bar code that appears that
consists of the Starbucks card to make the payment (Chong 2013). The setbacks that are
connected with the POS system are the insufficient knowledge of the retailers about the
giftcard. The second drawback of the information system in the Starbucks company lies in
the fact that the application of Starbucks is restricted to the users of Blackberry and iPhone.
The users without the facility of this mobile devices cannot benefit from the giftcards and
other payment methods as they are not available on all devices (Chang 2013).
Case study 2
Uber m-Commerce
The company Uber is implementing several buttons on the retailers, banks and the
location pages of the restaurants that are optimised by utilising the mobile. These
developments helps the users to visit the locations with the help of the service of ride-sharing,

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displaying the methods of delivering increase amount of customers to the business. The
technology platform of location marketing SIM integrated the API of Uber with the platform
of velocity, that enables the businesses that are multi-location like banks, restaurants and
retailers for implementing the modern technologies with location pages that are optimised.
This assists the companies to drive increasingly into the traffic of store on the basis of the
searches of consumers. with the integration of the API of Uber and the platform of velocity,
the business can add the buttons to the search pages that are optimised and therefore rolling
out strong action. The information system of the uber app helps the customer to obtain their
rides easily and efficiently. The company recently implemented the technology of ride-
sharing which helps in the cost reduction of the several customers and the availability of the
cabs increases when several people who are travelling to the same location utilises a single
cab.
The implementation of the information system in the business of Uber helps the
company to provide more optimised services to the customers and the application of
starbucks helps the customer to avail more optimised payment methods. The GDPR
influences the system use in the case of m-Commerce by introducing more secured security
measures and helps in the proper regulation of the company strategies and processes. The
implementation of artificial intelligence can be helpful in the applications of m-Commerce
for providing the customers with automated systems and more optimised search options. The
companies as starbucks who have their own payment methods can provide better security to
the details of the customers and the companies like uber in the transportation sector can
provide effective and quick locations for the customers.
Impact of cloud computing on information system
The technology of cloud computing implies a greater storage capacity than the PCs
that are private and the burden of the IT personnel to maintain the system decreases. The

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major advantage of this technology is the decrease in the revenue that is spent on the
maintenance of the systems (Dinh et al. 2013). The major advantage provided by cloud
computing in the implementation of information system is the opportunity of technology
mobility as it offers the access to the data of the employees in the organisation and the
flexibility in services that enables the development of the business without the requirement of
any additional infrastructure. The information system for an organisation can be implemented
in a reduced cost with the help of cloud computing and the facility of data availability, data
accessibility, the security of the data and the privacy of the data is increased when the
information system of an organisation consists of cloud computing (Fernando, Loke and
Rahayu 2013).
Impact of artificial intelligence on information system
The current trend of the companies to introduce the information systems that are
implemented using artificial intelligence is due to the need of automated systems in the
businesses (Russell and Norvig 2016). The artificial intelligence in the information systems
of the companies helps in automation of many services of the company and the effect on the
AI technology is that, it can learn from the businesses of the companies and grow eventually.
It is observed by researches that there is a growth in the need of available and accessible data
to the customers of a company and it is the main reason for implementing information
systems built with the help of artificial intelligence. The introduction of artificial intelligence
in the business provides the ability of recognising a wide range of users and it can enhance
the interaction that are done in the database systems (Michalski, Carbonell and Mitchell
2013).

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Conclusion
Therefore, it can be concluded that the impact of information system in the businesses
is increasing in the recent times. The system that is organised for the storage, collection,
organisation and communication of various information is referred as information system.
The information system that is implemented for the management of the human resources of
the company is referred as the human resource information system. The software of HR
combines numerous processes and systems for ensuring the feasible management of the
human resources, data and the business processes of an organisation. The POS idea of
Starbucks is available in the mobile devices of iPhone and blackberry. The technology of
cloud computing implies a greater storage capacity than the PCs that are private and the
burden of the IT personnel to maintain the system decreases. The current trend of the
companies to introduce the information systems that are implemented using artificial
intelligence is due to the need of automated systems in the businesses.

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