Information Systems and Big Data Analysis

This document discusses the theories, methods, and techniques of IT solutions, different information systems, effects of IT on globalization, digital infrastructure, risks of information systems outsourcing, and the importance of IT infrastructure in digital transformation.

Information Systems
and Big Data Analysis

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................2
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................2
Describe theories, methods and techniques of the IT solutions.............................................2
McAfee..............................................................................................................................2
MS Office..........................................................................................................................2
Task 2...............................................................................................................................................3
Explain the systems below with relevant examples:..............................................................3
DSS (Decision Support System)........................................................................................3
ESS (Executive Support System)......................................................................................3
TPS (Transaction Processing System)...............................................................................4
MIS (Management Information System)...........................................................................4
KMS (Knowledge Management System)..........................................................................4
Task 3...............................................................................................................................................5
What is Globalisation?...........................................................................................................5
What are the effects of IT on Globalisation?..........................................................................5
Task 4...............................................................................................................................................6
Digital infrastructure..............................................................................................................6
Advantages.............................................................................................................................6
Disadvantages.........................................................................................................................6
Example..................................................................................................................................7
Task 5...............................................................................................................................................7
What are the risks associated with information systems outsourcing?..................................7
Why is IT infrastructure so critical to digital transformation?...............................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Information Systems can be defined as the software applications which are used in an
organisation in order to improve their operations and functioning in the company. Big data can
be defined as the large amount of data in the company, this data consists the information about
the products and services and customers and employees and various stakeholders associated with
the company (Wang, Yang, Wang and Zhang, 2020). The following discussion is based on the
theories and techniques of Information Technology Solutions which contains McAfee and
Microsoft Office. Describing different Information Systems such as decision support system,
executive support system, transaction processing system, management information system and
knowledge management system. Concept of globalisation along with the effects of Information
Technology on globalisation. Explanation of digital infrastructure along with its advantages and
disadvantages and examples. Different risk related with the information system outsourcing and
information technology infrastructure associated with the digital transformation the proper
findings and conclusions.
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MAIN BODY
Task 1
Describe theories, methods and techniques of the IT solutions
McAfee
McAfee can be defined as the antivirus software that is accountable to restrict the viruses
from entering into a personal system. They are responsible for killing the viruses which directly
attached to the firewall and it broke them down for security. It supports in upgrading the virus
database what helps in the automatic web crawler that is accountable for scanning the web and
identifying the malicious software just by their name and type. It also scans the route through
which the malicious software can be deleted and after completion of the scanning, preparation of
the program is done in order to fight against the Malware in the computer system. This software
has some merit such as they can detect the Malware and remove them. They can protect the
system from zero The Attacks. They can handle the system security. Moreover, they are easy and
centralized Management which renders effective defense against Malware (Talón-Ballestero,
González-Serrano, Soguero-Ruiz and Rojo-Álvarez, 2018).
MS Office
Microsoft office contains the different computer applications which are used for the business
and for the personal purposes as well. It consists 7 variety of applications and each consist
different and specific task in order to fulfill the needs and requirements of the user. Microsoft
Word is responsible to write the content and modifying it with the help of documents available
such as report and letters along with the grammar and spelling checking. Microsoft Excel is
accountable for organizing and storing the information by generating simple to complex
spreadsheets. Microsoft PowerPoint is accountable to represent the information in the form of
slide shows. Microsoft Outlook is accountable for the emails that are organized and stored in
calendars along with the contact information and meetings. Microsoft publisher is accountable
for generating the material for publications and marketing with the help of layout and designs.
Microsoft Access is accountable for the database management in order to record the data and
organize them in order to analyze for the future considerations. Microsoft OneNote is
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accountable for preparing the notes that allow users to organize and generate the content in an
easy manner.
Task 2
Explain the systems below with relevant examples:
DSS (Decision Support System)
Decision support system is a type of software which helps in the judgement and
determinations with the help of computerized program in an organization in order to make some
actions according to it. It is accountable for examination of big data and assembling information
which can be used to resolve the issues and in the process of decision making. Information which
is complicated is used by DSS which contains the information of revenues and sales figures. It is
responsible to present the information to a customer in a simple manner. It has a benefit that it
can program to generate variety of reports which are major oil dependent on the user
specifications. Such as it can generate the data and provide the output in a graphical manner as
per the needs and requirements of the company (Leung, 2019)(Guha and Kumar, 2018).
ESS (Executive Support System)
Executive support system the type of software which allows the Company to convert data
of the company in a quick manner which can be accessible for the executives. It enhances the the
decision making and future considerations for the Enterprise. It has different merits for example
it is comfortable for the upper level executive and it has the capability to determine the trends
along with the manager’s leadership capabilities and also improve the process of decision
making and personal thinking by contributing in the strategic control flexibility that enhances the
competitive advantage in the market that is why it is considered as the better reporting system
that supports in the improvement of building and communication in the company. Moreover, it
enhances the office automation and time efficient process in collecting of the information which
supports in better understanding in the company.
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TPS (Transaction Processing System)
Transaction processing system is the type of software which is accountable to process the
transaction of data in the database management system which evaluates and monitors the
transaction programs in the company. These systems are helpful when the transaction is being
done with the help of internet. It allows the company for the time delay between the expected
time of sale and actual time of same. It is usually used for the online transaction and for the
commercial businesses. It consists some features for example it is reliable and flexible along
with the controlled processing and Rapid response. It has further to type that is batch Processing
which process the transaction at the same time but with a time delay and real time processing
which monitors one transaction at a time and does not have any time delay (Maass, Parsons,
Purao and Woo, 2018).
MIS (Management Information System)
Management information system the type of software which consists hardware and
software which is considered as the backbone of the functioning of the organization. It is the
large amount of data from more than one online systems and examine the information so that
report can be generated in order to support the decision making of the company. It is responsible
to interrelate the more than one data points into a strategy is ways to enhance the operations. It
enhances the process of decision making by rendering the accurate and updated information on
various organizational assets for example Finance and inventory and many more.
KMS (Knowledge Management System)
Knowledge management system is a type of software which is accountable to support the
people in in utilizing the knowledge in order to achieve the simple as well as complicated
operation. Moreover, it organizes and stores the knowledge to improve the collaboration and
understanding with the process alignment. It is used to send and receive the knowledge which is
dependent on the users and customers. There are a variety of knowledge management system but
they all have some common characteristics for example forum or community feature and articles
and tutorials alongside with the case studies and webinars and many more. Knowledge
management systems can be implemented in the three basic stages such as adoption, acceptance
and assimilation (Pejić Bach, Krstić, Seljan and Turulja, 2019).
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Task 3
What is Globalisation?
Globalization is the method of interaction and integration between governments and
companies along with the citizens of the nation worldwide. It is defined as the increasing
interdependence of the world economy cultures and population which are brought about by
cross-border trade in technology of goods and services and flow of investment information and
people. It is a process of movement and exchanges of the people all over the planet due to the
promotion and increment of interaction among various populations and regions around the globe.
There are several types of globalization for example financial globalization and technological
globalization along with the political globalization and economic globalization and many more
(Blazquez and Domenech, 2018).
What are the effects of IT on Globalisation?
There are various effects of Information Technology on globalization because it is a process
which drives the globalization in different manners. It is responsible for the comparison of
business enterprises in order to become the Global bye rising of the Economics of scale and the
market size needed to break even. Technology upgrades has lead in the reduction of
communication and transportation cost all over the planet and hence it provides the Global
Sourcing of different raw materials and inputs. Therefore, the technology which is patented
inspires the globalization because the company owning the patent has the right to exploit the
foreign markets without facing any competition. Information Technology has lead in The
Raising of the Global Village. For example, internet has resulted in the decrement of barriers of
place and time in context of business dealings. Commercial businesses can now make the
dealings and transactions on an international basis from anywhere and anytime and thereby
information technology updates has also positively affected the Investments. Earlier the
information technology production was Limited in terms of developed countries with high
wages. But in Today's World Technology can facilitate the Transferable to developing countries
where the allocation of Hi-tech production is with low wages. High number of firms in
developed countries are now Outsourcing the labor services from developing countries like India
(Jin and Kim, 2018).
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Task 4
Digital infrastructure
Digital infrastructure is described as the Technologies which provides the foundation of
information technology in the management of company. They are responsible for the operation
and management of the continuity of necessary infrastructure with supports the digital business
solutions and helps in the outcomes of businesses. Digital infrastructure can be enhanced by
making the valuable decision in the company and by searching for the opportunities in an
organization in order to get the constructive feedback and by training the employees about the
change and final wordings in an organization.
Advantages
There are various advantages of digital infrastructure such as A's it is cost effective and
reliable with the help of internet which is supported by a broadband not only in the
professionalism like in the company but also it helps in the gaining of personal knowledge with
the help of good bandwidth but it requires the online access services in order to increase the
digital economy. It facilitates the transformation of municipal corporation and enhancement in
the digital infrastructure which can have the access to provide the quality education and health
care for the improved co-ordination among the people emergency and safety response.
Moreover, it helps in the smart community services for business and residents in order to create
new opportunities to grow the local revenue. It helps in developing the startups and the growth of
the economy as well with the workforce opportunities (Jones, 2019).
Disadvantages
There are various disadvantages of digital infrastructure in the company for example safety
and security of information is the major issue which is insecure for the data held by the
organization and it is needed to be protected from Data breaching and cybercrime. Hacking of
the system is the another major disadvantage because there are various factors which has been
the special knowledge of coding and can hack the system from anywhere and anytime in order to
misuse the data or any other thing (Adrian, Abdullah, Atan and Jusoh, 2018). They mostly attack
at the private and confidential data of the organization so that the company loses the data and
deals with the loss. Digital infrastructure is complex in nature because the installation of the
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technology is complicated as it causes the high initial and maintenance cost and moreover it is
required to be updated on a frequent basis which is complex in nature.
Example
There are numerous examples of digital infrastructure such as the internet backbone,
communication cables, networks interrelationship, fixed broadband, business and data centers,
mobile telecommunications, internet services, communication satellite, internet of things, user
devices, communication satellite, network infrastructure, cloud computing, platforms and
Systems, API and integration are all the examples of digital infrastructure (Rahul, Banyal and
Goswami, 2020).
Task 5
What are the risks associated with information systems outsourcing?
There is various risk related with the information system Outsourcing for example
operations and transactions risk because all such things are done with the help of internet which
is a victim of cybercrime nowadays and therefore safety and security of the data is the major risk.
Confidentiality of information is another is because there is a big data which is stored in the
company and used for Data Analytics and that is needed to be protected because it is private in
nature and therefore it is risky to outsource over the internet. If the business is expanding all over
the planet, then it will contain a large amount of data which is very difficult to manage and
protect them and if company loses the data or breaches the data then it can result in a great loss
for the organization. Because of such risk associated with the information system outsourcing it
is important for the companies to take care of their big data and their systems from cybercrime
and cyber-attack with the help of laws and regulations associated with it.
Why is IT infrastructure so critical to digital transformation?
Information Technology infrastructure is critical for the digital transformation due to various
reasons such as It helped in the redevelopment of the international Global transformation of the
companies. In the current economy, demand for the information technology is increasing day by
day in an Unexpected manner. Currently the business success is examined by different factors
for example the User experience and the new Business models which has supported the business
in terms of time and value. It is important to take care that digital infrastructure is secure and
from enough to get executed so that the companies can properly keep up the demands of digital
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transformation. The necessity of digital infrastructure among the intercity fiber net and
infrastructure has lead in the choice filling of dark fiber and Ethernet along with the wavelength
division multiplexing towards the customer's (Boranbayev, Nurkas, Tulebayev and Tashtai,
2018).
CONCLUSION
It is concluded that it is important to learn about the information systems and the big data
analysis in order to apply such knowledge in the real world organisations. Therefore, it is
important to analyse the different theories and techniques of the information technology
solutions which contain the McAfee and Microsoft Office. It is essential to examine the different
Information Systems such as DSS, ESS, TPS, MIS and KMS. It is necessary to determine the
concept of globalisation and the effects of Information Technology on globalisation. It is
significant to gain the knowledge about digital infrastructure along with its merits and demerits
and it is significant to gain the knowledge about digital infrastructure along with its merits and
demerits and examples. It is crucial to study about the risk associated with information systems
Outsourcing and the critical nature of Information Technology infrastructure to the digital
transformation. Hence this report covers all such areas in order to better understand the
conceptualization of information systems and the big data analysis.
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REFERENCES
Books and journal
Adrian, C., Abdullah, R., Atan, R. and Jusoh, Y.Y., 2018. Conceptual model development of big
data analytics implementation assessment effect on decision-making. IJIMAI. 5(1).
pp.101-106.
Blazquez, D. and Domenech, J., 2018. Big Data sources and methods for social and economic
analyses. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 130, pp.99-113.
Boranbayev, S., Nurkas, A., Tulebayev, Y. and Tashtai, B., 2018. Method of processing big data.
In Information Technology-New Generations (pp. 757-758). Springer, Cham.
Guha, S. and Kumar, S., 2018. Emergence of big data research in operations management,
information systems, and healthcare: Past contributions and future roadmap. Production
and Operations Management. 27(9). pp.1724-1735.
Jin, D.H. and Kim, H.J., 2018. Integrated understanding of big data, big data analysis, and
business intelligence: a case study of logistics. Sustainability. 10(10). p.3778.
Jones, M., 2019. What we talk about when we talk about (big) data. The Journal of Strategic
Information Systems. 28(1). pp.3-16.
Leung, C.K.S., 2019. Big data analysis and mining. In Advanced Methodologies and
Technologies in Network Architecture, Mobile Computing, and Data Analytics (pp. 15-
27). IGI Global.
Maass, W., Parsons, J., Purao, S. and Woo, C., 2018. Data-driven meets theory-driven research
in the era of big data: opportunities and challenges for information systems
research. Journal of the Association for Information Systems. 19(12). p.1.
Pejić Bach, M., Krstić, Ž., Seljan, S. and Turulja, L., 2019. Text mining for big data analysis in
financial sector: A literature review. Sustainability. 11(5). p.1277.
Rahul, K., Banyal, R.K. and Goswami, P., 2020. Analysis and processing aspects of data in big
data applications. Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography. 23(2).
pp.385-393.
Talón-Ballestero, P., González-Serrano, L., Soguero-Ruiz, C. and Rojo-Álvarez, J.L., 2018.
Using big data from customer relationship management information systems to determine
the client profile in the hotel sector. Tourism Management, 68, pp.187-197.
Wang, J., Yang, Y., Wang, T. and Zhang, J., 2020. Big data service architecture: a
survey. Journal of Internet Technology. 21(2). pp.393-405.
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