Information Systems and Management Study
Added on 2020-07-23
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Information Systems inOrganization
TABLE OF CONTENTSINTRODUCTION:...............................................................................................................................1TASK 1.................................................................................................................................................11.1 Evaluate the information needs of at least four functional areas in Marks and Spencer......1TASK 2.................................................................................................................................................32.1 Describe different types of Information Systems..................................................................32.2 Investigate the current trends in using Information Systemsapplications to solve business problems....................................................................52.3 Evaluate the suitability of Information Systems for different functionalareas of Marks and Spencer...........................................................................................7TASK 3.................................................................................................................................................93.1Use an information system to generate valid, accurate and usefulinformation for a given problem....................................................................................93.2 Evaluate alternative methods of solving the problem................................10CONCLUSION:.................................................................................................................................11REFERENCES :.................................................................................................................................13
INTRODUCTION:Information system used in business environment is the best method to solve all problemsand providing ease in operations. There are different types of information systems that are usedto manage the activities and store data (Pearlson, Saunders and Galletta, 2016). Therequirements of systems depend on nature and size of business. Also, different departments usevarious types of information systems. Implementing system in the organisation helps in effectiveoperating of overall functions. This report will show different systems are used in functionalareas and how they help in solving business problems. Moreover, how system generates usefuland accurate information for solving a problem. For this report, organisation selected is Marksand Spencer. It operates in retail sector globally and faces many problems. Thus, this report willhelp in providing needs of systems in different functional areas. TASK 11.1 Evaluate the information needs of at least four functional areas in Marks and SpencerInformation systems are implemented according to the needs of organisation. It dependson the nature and size of business (Galliers and Leidner, 2014). Marks and Spencer is a MNCthat operates all around the world. It requires various types of information systems in theiroperations. With this, it has become easy for them to maintain smooth flow of operations.Besides this, retail sector has diversified range of products in clothing, toys, electronics, etc.Thus, they have to maintain and measure each product’s quality in the market. Also, Marks andSpencer has to maintain their employee’s performance in order to enhance their skills andqualities. So, this is not possible without implementing the information systems. Along with this,Marks and Spencer has to develop strategies to solve the business problems. For this, accurateand effective data is required. Furthermore, by analysing market information, plans are made onhow Marks and Spencer will grow and develop (Grabara, Kolcun and Kot, 2014). All these helpin taking better and effective decisions. The information needs in different functional areas ofMarks and Spencer are described as below: Finance department – All the finance related activities are managed by this department. It takesvarious decisions like resource allocation, developing budgets, maintaining payroll ofemployees, etc. Besides this, their function is to do audit of all departments in order to measure
their performance. It helps in getting expenses and expenditures of different departments. Withthis, financial reports and statements are prepared. Therefore, for performing all these functions,information systems are required (Abbasi, Sarker and Chiang, 2016) It helps in collectingoverall information and data for developing the report. System makes it easy by maintaining therecords. Also, it helps in analysing the financial performance of various departments. Generally,Marks and Spencer analyses financial statements on quarterly basis. This helps them to allocatethe resources in an efficient way. Human resource department- This department performs functions related to managingemployees in organisation. It performs functions in a wide area. Human capital is needed toperform daily activities so that goals and objectives can be effectually achieved. There areseveral decisions taken. It involves allocating employees, managing them, providing training,measuring performance, etc. Business also develops strategies by collecting the data. It includesrecruitment, appraisal, etc. (Cassidy, 2016). Thus, information system is required in providingaccurate data so that Marks and Spencer is easily able to manage its human resource. This willhelp them in maintaining efficiency in work and improving their skills and abilities. Sales – It is the most important operation in every business. It helps in the growth anddevelopment of business by increasing sales. It is highly essential to maintain sales data so thatstrategies can be effectually developed (Chang, 2015). This department performs functions likeanalysing market demand, formulating strategies, developing product, etc. All these decisionshelp in increasing the sales of Marks and Spencer. Usually, marketing department requiresinformation system. It helps in collection of data from various markets. Also, with this currentmarketing strategies are analysed so that weak areas can be identified and improved. It also helpsin assigning tasks to sales team according to their skills. Training- It is a sub division of HR department in Marks and Spencer. It takes decisionsregarding training of employees. Training must be provided to employees to improve theirproductivity (Bonham-Carter, 2014). This is done by finding out loop whole in businessoperations. Also, what new tools and equipment are required to train employees are trainingfunctions. Hence, installing information system will help in identifying the current technologicalmethods used in providing training to employees. Also, what additional resources are required
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