Information Systems and IT Solution for Business Management

This report discusses the theories, methods, and techniques related to IT solutions, including Canvas and Moodle. It also explains DSS, ESS, TPS, MIS, and KSM, and their advantages. The report covers the effects of IT on globalization, digital infrastructure, and risks associated with information systems outsourcing.

Business Management
Cohort 2
BMP4005
Information Systems and Big Data Analysis
Information Systems & IT Solution
2019/2020
February 2020/Semester 1
1

Contents
Introduction 3
Task 1: Theories, methods and techniques which relate to the
design and development for TWO of the IT solutions listed
here: (i) McAfee; (ii) Moodle; (iii) Canvas; (iv) MS Office
3
Task 2: Explanation of the systems below with relevant
examples 4
Task 3:Globalisation and the effects of IT on globalisation
5
Task 4: Definition, example, advantages and disadvantages of
digital infrastructure 6
Task 5: Risks associated with information systems
outsourcing and why is IT infrastructure so critical to digital
transformation! 7
Conclusion 8
References 9
2

Introduction
Information system is defined as set of factors for storing, collecting and processing
information or data in order to provide relevant knowledge. People and organisations rely
on information systems in order to carry out their operations and manage daily activities
smoothly. IT solutions are described as collection of software and services that could help
people in solving technical issues (Liao and et. al., 2018) . The following report discuss
about theories, methods and techniques related to IT solutions along with explanation of
DSS, ESS, TPS, MIS and KSM. Furthermore, information about globalisation along and
impacts of IT on globalisation has also been provided in the report. The detail explanation
about digital infrastructure with its disadvantage and advantages is also mentioned.
Lastly, this report covers risk associated with information system outsourcing and why IT
infrastructure is important to digital transformation.
Task 1: Theories, methods and techniques which relate to the
design and development for TWO of the IT solutions listed
here: (i) McAfee; (ii) Moodle; (iii) Canvas; (iv) MS Office
Canvas is software in computer which contains various kinds of drawing tools for its
users (Gallini and Makoveichuk, 2019). It is basically customized and has some good
designing tool for the users and the user can design logo of any company or any other
content with the help of this software.
Some of the techniques to use canvas and make the designs attractive are
mentioned below-
Choosing background- Choosing background color or image will help the user to
tell the story of their content more attractive. For example, having green color at the
background will interpretate that the content is related to natural environment or it is
related to victory of a society.
Choosing right dimension for design- This tool will help the user to design their
content with attractive designing by providing the option that whether the user wants to
design social media content or any other form of designing style. “Custom size” option is
used to analyze custom dimensions for the contents.
Choosing right font- It is also essential that the user of Canvas will focus on font
size of content and many it unique and attractive for readers. Using larger font size of the
headings and gaining attention of reader and using smaller font size for sub-headings will
make it more attractive.
Moodle is computer software which help the users to produce internet based courses
and various kinds of websites (Jensen, Vatrapu and Bjørn‐Andersen, 2018). This platform
help the user to learn through online material for subjects, upload their projects and
assignments through online and help others to learn from their own content by sharing
some essential information.
There are few ways to organize Moodle courses page and they are mentioned
below-
 Do not add any useless content on course page.
 Custom section name should be provided.
 Having a short summary about the course will help to attract more readers.
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 Using effective headings and subheadings will also help to make the content
attractive and easy to understand.
 Using Images related to content and courses will make it attractive.
Task 2: Explanation of the systems below with relevant
examples
DSS (Decision Support System)
This information system will help the organization in making any effective decision for the
company and it is basically used by senior management team because it help them to
serve the data which is effective in management, operations and planning process of the
company. This system help to analyze the problems faced by upper level of management
in the company and also contain those data and information in appropriate arrangement
which will help the senior management team of company to solve their issues and make
growth strategies for the company.
ESS (Executive Support System)
This information system is used by executives of a company to analyze the internal and
external business factors impacting the company’s growth (Fridgen and et. al., 2018).
This will help the executives to collect those data which will help them to reduce the risk
of internal and external factors which impact badly upon organizational growth and further
help to grab the opportunities which will help the company to grow well. This system is
effective in making any decision for organizational growth because it convert the data in
graphical and tabular form which further help the executives to understand the issues and
opportunities well and make effective decision for organizational growth.
TPS (Transaction Processing System)
This information system is commonly used by operational level of employees to analyze
their performance on daily basis. It will collect, store and retrieve data on daily basis and
especially those data which is related to business transaction activities (Basu and et. al.,
2018). For example, sales of the product recorded per day, number of bookings for a
hotel per day and many others are the example of data stored in this system. Therefore,
the data which is stored in TPS will help the organization to analyze their performance on
daily basis so that in case they found any decline in performance on any day than they
will quickly analyze the reason and mitigate it as soon as possible before it impacts
negative upon whole organization.
MIS (Management Information System)
This information system is used by the management team of an organization to analyze
the performance related to organizational process, employees and technology used in
the company (Hawashin and et. al., 2018). This system will help the company to analyze
data and arrange them in effective way to help the management team to make changes
in their organizational process of producing products in case they found any issue in the
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process. This system also helps to analyze which technology will help them to increase
their productivity and profitability effectively. This system will help the management team
to make decisions effectively for making any changes in the organization to develop their
brand value and productivity in market.
KSM (Knowledge Management System)
This type of information system will help the individual to improve their knowledge and
help them to gain new and modified knowledge which further help them to achieve the
goal of their task. This system help the company to analyze what their customers are
expecting and what changes they can opt to make their customers more happy and
satisfied with their offered products and services. Tableau’s Knowledge Base is the best
example of KSM. This software will help the user to mention their organizational issues in
the search box find out various kinds of solutions to one issue in different ways. Hence,
this will help the organization to analyze in case they will face same issue in future than
what kind of decision they will make which will help them to mitigate the issues well in
cost effective manner.
Task 3:Globalisation and the effects of IT on globalisation
Globalization is the term which is used to interconnect the countries with each
other where they share their trading activities and maintain good relations with each other
to allow entering and exit of people from one country to another for various purposes
such as investment in business, travelling purpose and many others (Andry, Suroso and
Bernanda, 2018). The government of a country removes various kinds of international
barriers for entry and exit for their population in another country. With the help of
globalization only, companies are able to purchase their raw material, manpower,
technological tools and many others resources from other countries where they find it
effective in terms of cost savings.
Information technology is the usage of computers or any other electronic device to
collect, store and use data effectively for organizational benefit. IT has huge effect of
globalization. Due to IT, companies get to know that which country is facing what kind of
issue and then the companies will offer the products and services in other country to
mitigate their issue and gain higher success. With the help of IT, companies get to know
that which country is having higher demand of their existing products and services and
then after knowing the information the company will invest high to expand their business
in that country to gain higher growth in future. It also helps the companies to analyze the
performance of their new hired employees from other country where they work previously
(Aparicio and Costa, 2018). With the help of IT, companies are able to promote their
products in globally to influence international customers to buy their product. For
example, a customer sitting in Asian country sees an advertisement of UK’s travelling
destination and plan to travel that destination than the individual can contact to agencies
and book the hotels in UK while sitting in other country with the help of information
provided by IT solutions. Therefore, foreign investments, travelling, export and import and
many others activities will help to maintain a good relationship between two or more
countries and they get influenced to remove all restrictions for international trade. Hence,
the IT plays an effective role in developing the concept of globalization and influences
various countries to trade from one country to another.
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Task 4: Definition, example, advantages and disadvantages of
digital infrastructure
Digital infrastructure is described as the foundational facilities that are very important for
information technology capabilities of nations, region, city or organisations. Digital infrastructure
is also very essential for maintaining quality of life as well as economy of any country. For
instance, Mobile Telecommunication, Internet Backbone, Communication satellite and many
more could be categorised as some examples of digital infrastructure. Out of so many examples
one of the digital infrastructure which is Mobile telecommunication is being explained below
with some disadvantage and advantages.
Mobile telecommunication
Mobiles telecommunication is described as third generation mobile cellular system
network which facilitates users to have wireless communication and internet services. This is
defined as process of receiving and sending as well as transmitting data or important information
over a large geographical area with the purpose of communicating. This kind of signal transaction
is kept strong with the help of some mobile devices like cellular phones, computer and many
more. Updated and advanced telecommunication technologies has greatly influenced on the
procedure of interaction within people on international level(Hajj, Jawad and Montes, 2021).
In the current times of digitization, companies and people are able to communicate with each
other through various sources which includes voice calls, video calls, teleconferencing and
others. By executing these telecommunication systems many organisations are able to improve
their productivity and customer services. But with lots of advantages telecommunication also
faces various challenges which involves high cost, server breakdown, system failure and many
others. There are several advantages and disadvantage that telecommunication consist which
are explained below in detail:
Advantages
 Telecommunication technology assist companies in improving efficiency of business
operations by keeping overall information about employees and data of finances in digital
format. Organisation and people are able to share important information quickly through
several platforms such as video calls, e-mails, SMS, voice notes and others. Video
conferencing provide people an opportunity to connect with their relatives and friends at
the same time from different locations. It also facilitates companies to provide work from
home facilities for their employees along with monitoring them regularly.
 Telecommunication also assist in providing flexible working hours to employees working
in organisations (Sukarsa and et. al., 2018). With the usage of video conferencing
managers could connect employees in meetings and to discuss some important topics any
time from different places.
 The utilisation of telecommunication also helps people in saving their time as they are
able to join any virtual meetings or event from anywhere. This approach of connecting
people from different places could be hassle free and convenient for individuals and
companies.
Disadvantages
 Telecommunication limits face-to-face interactions among people which could be
categorised as major disadvantage. It facilitates individuals to have an opportunity for
connecting with others but at the same time limits their one-to-one communication with
each other. This would influence the working relationship of employees with their
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employers and subordinates which results in great misunderstandings or conflicts among
them.
 Implementation of telecommunication equipment or software need a large amount of
investment. These equipment include LCD or LED screens, webcams for conducting video
conferencing and others. It has also become important for organisations to train their
employees about how to use new technologies which is also a time consuming procedure.
Companies are also required to invest in maintaining telecommunication systems along
with keeping them updated.
 One of the major disadvantage that telecommunication provide is threat of cyber attack
or security breach. Many people share their personal information and sensitive data over
internet or on other social sites which could result in hacking activities or misuse of their
data.
Task 5: Risks associated with information systems
outsourcing and why is IT infrastructure so critical to digital
transformation!
Risks associated with information systems outsourcing
Information System Outsourcing is the process where a organization hire external
employee or software in their organization which will manage their company and make
decisions for the benefit of organization. The main aim of companies for outsourcing is to
hire those employees who are having well skilled and well experienced to manage a
business (Pereira and et. al., 2018). Their expertise knowledge will help the companies to
mitigate their risks and issues well and develop high in future. They also use technologies
and machinery of another company for the growth of their company by taking all legal
permissions from government and the company from which they are using their assets.
There are various risks associated with information system outsourcing and few of the
risks are mentioned below-
 Loss of control- When a company uses other company’s employees and
technology then the hired employee will face issues to follow the instruction that
company. Hence, they ask the managers to allow them to work according to their
working style and the outsourced employee will work according to their comfort
and flexibility and make decisions which they think is correct from their opinion
without consulting to take suggestions from existing company’s employees.
Hence, this is the biggest risk associated with outsourcing where company loses
power and control to manage their organization according to their will.
 Fear of losing confidential information- It is another risk associated with
outsourcing where companies believe their outsourced employees but the
employee is not their known employee (Ali and et. al., 2019). Sometimes the hired
employee is related to their competitor’s employee. Hence, it is having huge
chance that the outsourced employee will leak their confidential information to their
competitors.
 Loss of organizational trust and create conflicts- When an outsourced
employee is hired from another organization then the existing employees lose their
trust on organization by feeling that why the organization did not use their existing
employees skills and talents to manage the issues and organization well. Hence,
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due to this it might possible that management team and employee’s team will get
conflicts.
Why is IT infrastructure so critical to digital transformation!
It information is the set of information technological components such as hardware and
software to work together to solve any organizational issue effectively. On the other hand,
digital transformation consist of transferring all manual tasks and activities of a company
digitally so that company will save their time and efforts by using advanced digitalization
technology (Song and et. al., 2018). It infrastructure is so crucial to digital transformation
because when a company is transferring their manual tasks and activities digitally then
they have to make sure that their existing employees are able to work with new change
or not. Secondly, digitalization of company means where employees will work with new
software and hardware to manage their daily performance and IT infrastructure will help
them to provide effective software and hardware related to company’s requirement.
Hence, IT infrastructure helps the companies to analyze their strengths and weakness
which they may face while transforming their business digitally.
Conclusion
From the above report it has been concluded that it is very essential for individual
to have knowledge about different theories or software of information technology which
could assist them in presenting technical skills. It has been evaluated that due to IT many
companies are able to expand their business operations on global level which increased
their growth and profitability. From the discussion about digital infrastructure it has
become clear that IT holds some benefits and drawbacks. Lastly, it has also been
discovered that there are several risks associated with information system outsourcing
that could impact on business operations of companies.
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References
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