Information Systems and IT Solution: Techniques, Methods, and Effects on Globalization

This report discusses the techniques, methods, and effects of information systems and IT solutions on globalization. It covers topics such as the design and development of IT solutions, explanation of various systems, risks associated with information systems outsourcing, and the importance of IT infrastructure in digital transformation.

BSc (Hons) Business Management
Cohort 2
BMP4005
Information Systems and Big Data
Analysis
Information Systems & IT Solution
2019/2020
February 2020/Semester 1
Submitted by:
Name:
ID:
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Table of Contents
Introduction p
Task 1: Theories, methods and techniques which relate to
the design and development for TWO of the IT solutions
listed here: (i) McAfee; (ii) Moodle; (iii) Canvas; (iv) MS
Office p
Task 2: Explanation of the systems below with relevant
examples p
Task 3: Globalisation and the effects of IT on globalisation
p
Task 4: Definition, example, advantages and
disadvantages of digital infrastructure p
Task 5: Risks associated with information systems
outsourcing and why is IT infrastructure so critical to
digital transformation! P
Conclusion p
References p
Introduction
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This study focuses on the use of advanced technology by management to make all the
important decisions. Moreover, this emphasis on how well managers are using these
techniques to resolve all the issues concerned with information technology to improve the
performance of the concern. These applications will help manager in making the most
fruitful decisions for the business concern and convert all kind of daunting task into easy one.
There are various other uses of information system mentioned in the report. It explains
various methods and techniques for development of two IT solutions. Besides this, it has
explained the effect of information technology on globalization.
Task 1: Thechniques, methods and ways which relate to the design and development
for TWO of the IT solutions listed here: (i) McAfee; (ii) Moodle; (iii) Canvas; (iv) MS
Office
There are various theories, methods and techniques are used for the design and
development of information and technology solutions such as :
Ms office : It is an application designed by Microsoft and released in 1990 for
business purposes. It has been a dominating document handling software serving across globe
in 35 languages and supported by Windows, Linux, mac variants. It is a combination of six
programs namely, word, Excel, PowerPoint, access, publisher and one note. This application
has a diverse use right from college students to professionals in a bay.(Liebowitz, 2019)
Three major applications include word processor, spreadsheet and presentation tool to
showcase the working of the organizations. It is used to create professional documents,
letters, reports and so on. As of now, ms office 2016 version is used across the world and all
its applications are used for personal and professional purposes.
Ms word : It is released in 1983 in order to create text documents. Here, in this templates will
be created for professional purposes. As well as word art, images, animations will be used in
the file which is like cherry on the cake. It makes data more presentable and understandable
for the users.
Ms excel : It is used for recording the numeric data in spreadsheets. It is easy to manage data
in rows and columns and can be used in place of paper. Besides this, in this large information
can be easily managed in tabular formats. In this calculations are performed by putting
formulas in cells.
Ms PowerPoint : This is an application of making presentation of various slides to make
content look attractive. Here, each slide has audio, video, graphics, animations to make
creative content.
So, these applications has made everything easy and help managers to keep data safely in
these and use it when it is required. In this way information system is advantageous for
managers to perform various operations.
Moodle : It is a web based application created by Australian Martin Dougiamas for
free and open source learning management system. It is used for various purposes such as
blended learning, distance education as well as e learning projects in schools, universities and
workplaces. It is used to create private websites which has all the knowledgeable content to
use for educators and trainers to accomplish their learning goals. It is an advanced method of
learning which is used in all context such as education, training, development and business
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purposes. Along with this, it is helpful in designing questionnaire, assignments and other
knowledgeable sites for the purpose of business learning. (Pitafi and et. al., 2018)
Task 2: Explanation of the systems below with relevant examples
DSS (Decision Support System)
It is a computerized system that collects, analyses and synthesizes data in order to produce
informative reports which will be helpful for management in taking crucial decisions. Besides
this, it is helpful in problem solving which will improve the efficiency of planning the
operations. Although there are other applications which helps to gather data but it has
advanced its features to making reports. It showcases data that is easy to understand by users.
For instance, if any company wants to get clear view of its sales, DSS produces this report
after considering multiple variables by using graphs, charts and others which is clearly
understandable to its users.
ESS (Executive Support System)
it is a software that convert organization's data into summarized reports which are used by
executive managers in order to make decisions. Moreover, it is used to monitor the
performance of the organization as well as to identify all opportunities and threats. It has four
components such as hardware, software, user interface and telecommunications. So, after
collecting data from all internal and external uses it assist management in taking strategic
decisions. For instance, Barclays is an organization found this system really helpful as it
assists in boosting product sales and market share. (Williamson and Muckle, 2018)
TPS (Transaction Processing System)
it is an information system designed to collect, store, modify and retrieve data transaction of
business concern. It is used to perform daily business transactions as well as save time and
cost by automating repetitive transactions in large volumes. (Reis and et. al., 2018) So, it
records all the transactions with regards to purchase, sales, refunds and payments and so on.
For instance, airline reservations system, electronic transfer of funds, banking transactions are
all performed by using transaction processing system. There are three major types of
transaction processing system which includes order processing, accounting and purchasing.
So, this helps to manage data well in this software.
MIS (Management Information System)
this is a decision making tool use by the managers for making productive and efficient
decisions. As in this, information is compiled from all the sources in a single database which
gives an overall view of the business concern. It helps management in making all types of
decisions ranging from daily discussions to long term strategies. For example, management
uses employee records with regards to their promotion or demotion.
KSM (Knowledge Management System)
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it is the process of collecting, organizing, creating and sharing knowledge within an
organization. It is a valuable asset that helps in the growth of the business concern. It consist
of four components such as people, process, content and strategy. It allows management and
coworkers to share knowledge which results into continual learning of them. For instance,
various online communities namely Underlined, Air Bnb keeps on sharing knowledge with
customers which helps them to built customer faith and trust. (Rasmussen, 2019)
Task 3: Effect of IT on globalization.
Globalization is the procedure in which a company can expand its operation beyond
the country's border. In other words, it is the process by which ideas, knowledge, information
and goods and services are exchanged around the world. Furthermore, the company can now
utilize skill and information from around the world and can increase their market share
through undertaking upgraded technologies. Moreover, it helps business organization to
explore international markets in order to boost up its profits by reducing their costs.
Force of Information Technology
IT plays a key role in sequence of globalization and its connection with commerce. It
helps in creating the worldwide integration of various global market which helped the
organization to explore into unexplored market. Followings are the points related to impact of
IT on globalization: Rise of personal computer: The introduction of windows PC completely changed
personal compute experience by eliminating the boundary on amount of in order that
an individual can distribute and modify. It permitted the users to construct their own
digital content and share with over the world. Moreover, the invention such as dial up
models and fax machines have created a new platform that started a worldwide
information revolution.
 Invention of the World Wide Web: The introduction of world wide web in 1991 has
put the maximum influence on the development of globalization. Now the users can
post and send their digital content to anyone across the globe. Furthermore, the
internet accelerate the pace of globalization as it allow the sharing of information and
in rank within seconds across the globe.
 Fiber- optic cables: The first fiber- optic cable system was invented in 1977 which
has a higher bandwidth capacity as compared with other types of transmission cables.
The increased bandwidth power allows the user to transfer and receive necessary
information instantaneously around the globe. Moreover, incorporating this
technology in the mode of transmission have a greatest influence on the globalization.
 Creation of work flow software: The work flow software introduced in the mid -
1990's is basically a software system. For instance, Email which is used in the
business environment for transferring the necessary information , documents , tasks,
etc.. from one one employee to another. It helps the employees of the same company
to communicate and manage the business data globally which helped the growth of
globalization.
 Open sourcing: It refers to software movement where companies make available their
source code online in which others can contribute their work. This strategy helps in
advancement of knowledge and expertise from specialists around the world.
Moreover, it gives an enormous power to the individual located around the globe
which had a positive effect on globalization.
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 Supply chaining: It is the process of systematically integrating suppliers, retailers and
customers to create a value for the business. The new innovation in the technology
has influenced the global supply chain where sellers can find various attractive and
cost effective ways to supply products to its customers. Hence, it plays an important
role in effecting globalization.
Task 4: Disadvantages of the digital infrastructure
It basically involves the digital technologies which helps in providing the foundation
for a company’s operations and information technology. The main examples of digital
infrastructure involves the digital communication suites, broadband, internet backbone, apps,
Mobile telecom, networks and data centers. In context to civilization, the idea of Digital
Infrastructure is often utilized. The main fundamental rules of digital infrastructure basically
relates to a particular area links, sustains and increase its electronic infrastructural
investments (Nekrasov and Sinitsyna, 2021). The a lot of profits of put into achievement
using internet of stuff (IoT) at the office setting range from the lower of the operating cost
related to typical facts station The expansion of a numeral of micro-sectors enable service
provider to generate genuine-time apps that are not tied to the question/querying functions of
your mainframe. Moreover, the claim of such authority services will allow firm to lower their
addiction to alternative party distributors that frequently serve as middlemen with regards to
being able to access in turn facilities, IT specialists and training, and foodstuffs Furthermore,
it would allow agencies to concentrate much more about key online commerce belongings to
do in lieu of spend some time high-quality adjust method which might be characteristically
sophisticated and almost never applied by users. By doing this, the utilization of web of
issues (IoT) will enhance ability and spend less( Lei, 2021).
Task 5: Risks involved with information systems outsourcing and
reason of IT infrastructure so dangerous to digital
transformation!
Risks connected with information systems outsourcing
Not all the companies gets benefit from the outsourcing information systems. The
process of putting information systems functions outside the surroundings of the company
can be a risk factor for the organization as well as its stakeholders. The process of
information system outsourcing can create problems that basically involves the loss of
control, hidden costs, inexperienced staff, dependency on vendor solvency and various other
factors. One of the major risks of the outsourcing information systems involves hiring of the
inexperienced employees in order to manage the processes. Through hiring an internal team,
one can get references from all the members and can also conduct interviews but this method
is only effective when there is proper verification of a new hire (Sutherland, 2021).
Why is IT infrastructure so critical to digital transformation!
An IT infrastructure is very critical when it comes to a good digital transformation
process and it is basically concerned with the foundation of the organization’s whole IT
system and also involves all the organizations connections in their most critical situations and
applications and also provides a platform for innovation, development and growth. Through
following a right digital infrastructure it can lead to responding of faster process to needs and
also helps in creating transactional functions, content, rules and modular data that helps in
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supporting myriad services, places and connecting people. The digital transformation helps in
providing a fruitful and valuable opportunity for performing the business functions that also
involves the HR and Finance which basically helps the leaders to focus on various growth
prospect and wider business opportunities (Tiepmar, 2018).
Conclusion
From the above report it can be concluded that use of advanced technology by
management to make all the important decisions. Moreover, this emphasis on how well
managers are using these techniques to resolve all the issues concerned with information
technology to improve the performance of the concern. These applications will help manager
in making the most fruitful decisions for the business concern and convert all kind of
daunting task into easy one. There are various other uses of information system mentioned in
the report. It explains various methods and techniques for development of two IT solutions.
Besides this, it has explained the effect of information technology on globalization.
References :
Books and Journals :
Lei, Z., 2021. Research and Enlightenment on the Construction Model of German National
Cultural Heritage Research Data Infrastructure. Information and Documentation
Services, 42(1), pp.105-112.
Liebowitz, J., 2019. Building organizational intelligence: A knowledge management primer.
CRCpress.
Nekrasov, A. and Sinitsyna, A., 2021. Proactive Management Transportation Logistics
Infrastructure Life-Cycle (Digital Transformation). In MATEC Web of Conferences (Vol.
334). EDP Sciences.
Pitafi, A. H., and et. al., 2018. Moderating roles of IT competency and work cooperation on
employee work performance in an ESM environment. Technology in Society, 55, pp.199-208.
Rasmussen, T., 2019. Social theory and communication technology. Routledge.
Reis, J and et. al., 2018, March. Digital transformation: a literature review and guidelines
for future research. In World conference on information systems and technologies (pp.
411-421). Springer, Cham.
Sutherland, E., 2021. Consultation on the Draft South African National Infrastructure Plan:
Comments on ICT Networks. Available at SSRN.
Tiepmar, M. S J., 2018. Implementation and evaluation of the canonical text service protocol
as part of a research infrastructure in the digital humanities.
Williamson, K. M. and Muckle, J., 2018. Students’ perception of technology use in nursing
education. CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing, 36(2). pp.70-76.
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