Information Systems and IT Solutions: Theories, Support Systems, Globalisation, Digital Infrastructure, and Risks

This report discusses various IT solutions like Canvas, McAfee, and support systems like DSS, ESS, TPS, MIS, and KMS. It also explores the effect of IT on globalisation, the importance of digital infrastructure for transformation, and risks associated with information outsourcing.

Information systems
and IT solutions

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Theories of IT solution................................................................................................................3
Various support systems.............................................................................................................5
Globalisation and its effect of IT on it........................................................................................6
Digital Infrastructure along with examples................................................................................6
Risks associated with information outsourcing and why infrastructure is important for digital
transformation.............................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Information system can be described as combined set of components for
collection,storage and processing data to gather information, for businesses so that it can help
them in their decision making for facilitating operations of the organization, compete in market
and many more. Today many companies are built around information systems like Amazon,
Alibaba, Google and many which get their business from keyword advertising on searches on
internet. This report includes study on types of support systems, globalisation and effect of IT on
it. Risks associated with IT outsourcing and detail analysis of digital infrastructure and theory
of techniques of two IT solutions.
MAIN BODY
Theories of IT solution
McAfee- It was earlier known as McAfee Associates,Inc. from year 1987 to 1997 and
from 1997 to 2014 as Network Associates Inc. It is a antivirus software that stops viruses from
entering computer and kills them. It protects system by updating its virus database with the
automatic web crawler that scans internet and identifies malicious software. IT also detects the
way for deleting that malicious software also(Jeong, and Park, 2018.). After updating database
it strengthens the firewall of the system. McAfee scans thoroughly and is impenetrable and some
versions of it even extends to internet and notifies about website4s which are harmful and kills
that malware.
Pros
 User friendly- Software is super easy to use and doesn't include any complex functions.
 Password manager- User do not have to remember passwords ,it is automatically
managed by software.
 Excellent customer support – They provide 24*7 support to customers and resolve
their queries.
 Encrypted storage- The system is fully encrypted and secures the data from malware.
 VPN- It also provides services of virtual private network to its users.

Cons
 iOS version- Its iOS version is lacking in performance in compare to android version.
 Confusing pricing – Company provides various plans for software which confuses
customers which one to opt.
 App boost do nothing – Even after boosting the app it adds nothing to speed and
performance to system.
It also has various features like parental control,firewall,home network analyser and many more.
Canvas- It is web based learning management system also known as LMS introduced
introduced in 1990s .It is used by institutions,educators and students to manage and access
course materials and communicate about development and achievement. Canvas has variety of
tools which are customizable like course creation and analytics and internal communication
tools. It is a open sourced cloud based application which was designed to help educators and
students by providing them online learning environment.
Features
 Organize learning- Canvas is a wonderful tool for organizing learnings. Based on three
components a dashboard,overview of top courses and navigation menu which provides
access to main features of LMS.
 Curate the learning pathways- Educators can curate the courses according to the
requirement by features like quiz,grade book etc.
 LTI Program- It offers tools which allow users to integrate third party tools with the
course with web applications and internet resources.
Cons
 Clunky- Canvas has less user friendly interface than others it also has some bug issues.
 Duplication- Assignments cannot be created in different ways which are earlier done.
 Not for higher ed- It is not useful for higher education as many functions and
considerations are missing for universities.
 Tabs are useless- Many tabs are useless which add to clunkiness.
 Buggy- There are some bugs in Canvas which create issues while editing and
customizing.

Various support systems
These all support systems assist management in decision making.
Decision support system- DSS is a computer based support system which helps
management to make plans for operations,,manufacturing and many more by processing the data
and gather information. It complies data and analyses to help in decision making. It employs
artificial intelligence to get comparative figures . File drawer,data analysis,information systems
are some of its classification. Some examples are clinical DSS,ERP dashboards,market reports
etc.
Executive support system- It is a reporting software that turns data into useful
summarize reports. These reports are usually used by executive managers. It provides possible
outcomes , statistics and numbers to managers to help them in decision making. ESS deals with
data of departments like staffing,accounting etc. It can be used for analysing both present and
predicted future data(Avrunin, Vlasov, and Filatov, 2020). Some of its examples are government
policies,financial information,consultancy reports etc.
Transaction processing system- It is a form of support system that allows businesses to
manage transactions across the world. These include activities of
collecting,retrieval,modification of transactions. It is reliable and efficient. They are also know as
real time processing systems. All the transactions are processed immediately. POS, cheque
clearance are examples of TPS.
Management information system- The use of technology ,people,process to analyse
data to gather information which assist in decision making. It facilitate communication within
and out of the business and helps in record keeping(Purao, Bolloju,and Tan, 2018.).
People,data,hardware,software and procedures are components of MIS. Process control
systems,sales systems,human resource management are some of the examples of MIS.
Knowledge management system- It is a tool used by firms to help organize
documentation,other information into easy formats for customers. It help them to keep
documentation update and help customers find answers. KMS is the process of analysing data
and help organizations in effective management. Online forums,research libraries, are examples
of KMS.

Globalisation and its effect of IT on it
Movements and exchanges of humans,technology,culture,goods and many more all over
the world refers to globalisation. It increases interactions between population of the globe.
Countries today are rising above the narrow self interest and doing trades and financial
exchanges with other countries. It does not only include transfer of goods and services but
includes a wide field like economic,financial,cultural,political,technological,sociological and
many more. Geographic distance matters no longer due to globalization. The increase of
economic exchanges has led to strong global growth. Country producing commodities sell their
products in all parts of the world has happened because of globalization. Policies are been made
by politicians for free trade promote economic globalization.. Money,materials,information flow
more easily today. Air transports have facilitated the people and products to go from one part
world to other part of the globe easily(Santos, and Simões,2021).
IT has reduced the barriers which affect globalization. Companies who develop
technology are sharing it to other companies to help them and even collaborating also. Online
market place are examples of IT which has made people sitting in one part of the world to buy
the products. Over the past few years craze of imported products have increased ,this has
affected the business environment and reduced the cost for due to ease of transport and
technology. IT has important part in it as it has changed the whole management of business by
the use of technology. Various platforms are been built for peoples interaction ,they can
talk,share views,ideas which brings them more closer both culturally and humanly(Attinasi, and
Balatti, 2021.). IT has taken globalization to next level by interconnecting and inter depending
global economy. Technological innovations by IT have changed the way of doing business due
to role of IT in strategic planning,creating effective strategies to compete in global space.
Digital Infrastructure along with examples
Digital infrastructure include the physical resources that are important to use the
data,devices,methods,systems and processes. It is the foundation of digital economy. It enables
connectivity that we all enjoy through assets like fibre optic cables,data centres,macro towers. It
aims to provide services that support customers in a better way and give them assistance when
needed(Fürstenau, Baiyere and Kliewer, 2019).

Cloud services- These services are platforms or software that are hosted by third party
providers and are available to users to through internet. They facilitate the flow of user data from
end clients. Users access cloud services with system,and internet connectivity. Infrastructure that
users access through internet without the use of additional software's can be also known as cloud
services. They are IT environment that abstract,pool,and share scalable resources across a
network. Clouds are types of PaaS, as third part is providing the infrastructure. They rely on
hardware's and software's. Service providers are using hardware resources to create clouds online
where users can run apps. Cloud platform requires technologies like
containerization,orchestration,APIs,automation and many more.
Advantages
 Easy implementation- Cloud services allow business to retain the applications and
process without any technicalities.
 Accessibility -User can access data anywhere and anytime with the help of cloud
services.
 No hardware needed- Everything is on cloud so no need of any storage.
 Cost- Technology has helps to reduce the cost per head.
 Growth- Clouds can be easily scaled as per the requirement.
 Recovery- Data can be retrieved easily with the help of cloud computing
Disadvantages
 No control- User is storing data on cloud which is hosted by third service provider,hence
user has no control .
 Not all feature – User have to buy premium version as free version have not all feature.
 No redundancy- If data is lost on clouds due to technology reasons than it is lost
permanent.
 Bandwidth issues- Users must have strong bandwidth connection ,otherwise they will
face issues.
Risks associated with information outsourcing and why infrastructure is important for
digital transformation
Outsourcing means where MNC companies get their back end work done in countries where
they get cheap labour in compare to their own country. They give contract to 3 rd party

companies who make sure that work is done on time and provide necessary training to its
employees for work.
Risks
 Loss of control- Companies cannot have control over their own process technology as
the tasks are controlled by 3rd parties. When outsiders perform task of company that is
outsourced company mistakes are likely to happen.
 Higher costs- Firms outsource to reduce cost but sometimes it exceed then their
expectations due to technology change,taxes etc.
 Loss of innovation- Companies hire people who cost less to them but the work
requirement is of highly qualified professional ,but companies don't hire them and cut
costs so ,firms who are outsourcing cannot innovate new technologies.
 Loss of organizational trust- Workers may feel demotivated as they are working for
MNC and getting paid less and don't know who's their boss.
IT has lead the digital transformation by providing technology of daily use. Infrastructure is
needed for that purpose. For changing business environment IT has played a important role as
global economy is growing. IT has opened the gates of technology so that business can grow
much faster than before, they are solving each and every problem today related to business.
Many new technology are being developed like APIs ,artificial intelligence and many more for
the betterment of humans. For all these infrastructure is very important so that services offered
are secure and fast. Internet backbone has made all the economies of world connect to each
other to digitalize the world(Teniwut, and Hasyim, 2020.). Success of business depends upon
user experience,models of business,and time to value and all these are fulfilled by IT industry.
To ensure that business is keeping with demands of digital transformation the need for
infrastructure rises. Automation brings benefits of speed and cost but for that their must be
infrastructure as it is the foundation of digital transformation. Business need to develop
applications and services so they need infrastructure at every step.
CONCLUSION
IT has changed the way of living. Technology is used in organizations to ease the work
and make efficient decision. Various IT solutions like Canvas,McAfee were studied in this
report. How doe support systems help in the business were also noted. Effect of IT on
globalisation and why digital infrastructure is important for transformation of world were

discussed and risks associated with information technology outsourcing and how does it affect
business. Technology today has affected every sphere of life for good and make the business to
grow. Data is processed to gain information and use in decision making.

REFERENCES
Purao, S., Bolloju, N. and Tan, C.H., 2018. A modeling language for conceptual design of
systems integration solutions. ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems
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Jeong, Y.S. and Park, J.H., 2018. Novel solutions and approaches to effective data
processing. Journal of Information Processing Systems, 14(3), pp.563-568.
Avrunin, O., Vlasov, O. and Filatov, V., 2020. Model of semantic integration of information
systems properties in relay database reengineering problems. Innovative Technologies
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Teniwut, W. and Hasyim, C., 2020. Decision support system in supply chain: A systematic
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Nascimento, A.M., and et, al., 2018. A Literature Analysis of Research on Artificial Intelligence
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Attinasi, M.G. and Balatti, M., 2021. Globalisation and its implications for inflation in advanced
economies. Economic Bulletin Articles, 4.
Santos, M. and Simões, M., 2021. Dimensions of globalisation and social welfare policies in
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Fürstenau, D., Baiyere, A. and Kliewer, N., 2019. A dynamic model of embeddedness in digital
infrastructures. Information Systems Research, 30(4), pp.1319-1342.