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Informed Consent & Confidentiality

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Added on  2020-03-15

Informed Consent & Confidentiality

   Added on 2020-03-15

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INFORMED CONSENT & CONFIDENTIALITY 1Informed Consent & ConfidentialityStudent’s NameDepartmentUniversity AffiliationAddressWord count = 750
Informed Consent & Confidentiality_1
INFORMED CONSENT & CONFIDENTIALITY 2Informed Consent & ConfidentialityDefine informed consent and confidentiality in relation to laboratory work practices, and the principles and legislation which underpins them. Informed consent is the permission a patient grants a treating practitioner to perform a pathology test after the practitioner has explained the possible consequences of the procedure. The level of consent needed by the treating practitioner relates to the kind of procedure being undertaken or the kind of information needed. The types of consent associated with pathology are implied consent, verbal consent and written consent [ CITATION Dep131 \l 1033 ]. Implied consent happens when an individual willingly cooperates in a procedure without discussion. Verbal consent happens when an individual willingly states their consent to a pathology test. Finally, written consent happens when an individual willingly signs a consent form affirming thetest and its linked implications have been explained and understood[ CITATION Dep131 \l 1033 ]. Confidentiality is the obligation of the treating practitioner to protect a patient against improper disclosure of pathology test results. Informed consent and confidentiality are governed by the National Pathology Accreditation Advisory Council (NPAAC). Under NPAAC, informed consent is guaranteed in S1.4 [ CITATION Aus131 \l 1033 ]. This section notes that consent is needed for an autopsy, which can be gotten from the next of kin. However, exclusion is allowed when the Coroner directs an autopsy. In some instances, the patient might grant consent antemortem. Consent might be needed for retention of a particular specimen or body part for research in laboratory and quality activities. In pathology tests, consent also includes informed financial consent. Financial consent happens when all the costs for a procedure are elucidated before the pathology test starts. The final account involving pathology test might be unknown before the pathology test begins. According to S1.5 of the NCAAP, the confidentiality and privacy of a patient should be observedat all times[ CITATION Aus131 \l 1033 ]. The Privacy Act 1988 also governs informed consent and confidentiality in medical research. Based on the Privacy Act, researchers should seek patient’s consent before commencing their research activities [ CITATION OAI17 \l 1033 ]. Also, they should protect the person’s health information from unexpected or inappropriate use. Informed consent and confidentiality should also be observed in genetic testing. A treating practitioner should seek consent before commencing a genetic testing procedure in an accredited laboratory. The genetic results should be treated as confidential and should not be given to another healthcare provider orfamily member without the patient's consent[ CITATION Roynd \l 1033 ]. Another legislation that propagates confidentiality is Health Administration Act 1982. This Act specifically protects a person’s HIV test results. The Act notes that it is an offence for a pathology laboratory to share or disclose a patient’s HV status results without written consent[ CITATION HIV13 \l 1033 ].
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