Inhalation Injury | Assignment
Added on 2021-04-21
22 Pages4412 Words30 Views
Disease and DisordersNutrition and WellnessHealthcare and ResearchBiology
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Running head: THEORY ASSESSMENT 1THEORY ASSESSMENTStudent’s NameInstitution AffiliationCourseDate
THEORY ASSESSMENT 2QUESTION 11.1Pathophysiological Changes due to Carbon Monoxide in Inhalational BurnsInhaled carbon monoxide combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin which reduces the ability of hemoglobin to release oxygen hence causing cellular hypoxia. In cardiac system, poisoning due to CO can cause infarction, ischemia and dysrhythmias. Some of the pathophysiological changes in CNS are neurological dysfunctions, acute intoxication and chronic neurological sequelae.1.2Seven Possible Signs and Symptoms in Carbon Monoxide poisoning: Headache, Nausea/vomiting, Loss of consciousness, Confusion, Dyspnea and Myocardial infarctionQUESTION 22.1 Definition of Cerebrovascular Accident/StrokeIt is a medical condition associated with insufficient blood flow to different areas of the brain. 2.2 Pathophysiology of Cerebrovascular Accident: Involves disruption of blood flow to the brain due to complete or partial occlusion of cerebral vessels by embolism, thrombosis or hemorrhage.2.3Signs of Cerebrovascular Accident: Face drooping/loss or change in vision, Speech difficulties, Weakness and Numbness2.4 Impact of Head-up position in a patient with stroke: improves the flow of blood to the brain to minimize neurological deficits hence promoting recovery. QUESTION 3
THEORY ASSESSMENT 33.1 Epilepsy: It is a neurological disorder whereby brain functioning is abnormal leading to seizures, sensations, unusual behavioral patterns and loss of awareness.3.2 Pathophysiology of Epilepsy: It results from excessive firing of neurons which excessively excite a large number of neurons hence generating a huge electrical impulse leading to seizures.3.3Signs of Epilepsy: Unconsciousness, confusion, legs and arms jerking movements and anxiety3.4 Sided Rails for patient with seizures: They act as a primary precaution to restraint and the patient for hurting himself or herself.QUESTION 44.1 Raynaud’s Phenomenon: It is a disorder associated with abnormality of blood vessels due to smooth muscle over activity leading to vasospasms of the vessels supplying blood to the hands, legs, arms and feet.4.2 Pathophysiology of Raynaud’s phenomenon: Body parts such as legs, fingers experience intensive vasospasms which are associated with hyperemia and changes in skin color. It involvesvasoconstriction, cyanosis and rapid reflow of blood.4.3Signs of Raynuad’s Phenomenon: Blanching of fingers, Triphasic reaction and Skin blanching4.44.4 Impact of calcium channel blockers in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon: They cause vasodilation of arteriolar and increase the peripheral flow of blood.QUESTION 5
THEORY ASSESSMENT 45.1 Asthma: It is a chronic airway disease that compromises breathing due to narrowing of the airways.5.2 Pathophysiology of Asthma: The underlying mechanisms include inflammation of the airways due to environmental allergens, bronchoconstriction and tightening of the smooth muscles of the respiratory passage.5.3 Signs of Asthma: Coughing, wheezing, breathing difficulties and chest tightness5.4 Impact of inhaled Corticosteroids in Asthma: They act by suppressing the airway inflammation hence reducing the level of hyper responsiveness of the airway which consequentlyrelives other symptoms of asthma.QUESTION 66.1 Pneumonia: It is an inflammatory lung condition which primarily affects the alveoli.6.2 Pathophysiology of pneumonia: It can be viral or bacterial. It is commonly caused by Streptococcus Pneumoniae. These organisms cause the air sac to develop pus or fluid leading to a cough with pus or phlegm, chills, fever and difficulties in breathing.6.3 Signs of Pneumonia: Cough with phlegm, sweating, shortness of breath and fatigue.6.4. Hydration in Pneumonia: facilitates expectoration of secretions by the patient.QUESTION 77.1 Peptic Ulcer: Refers to an open sore on the inner lining of the stomach and its located on theupper part of the small intestines.
THEORY ASSESSMENT 57.2 Pathophysiology of peptic ulcer: Mucosal injury due to disruption in protective and aggressive factors. Protective factors include epithelial renewal, bicarbonate, sufficient mucosal blood flow and prostaglandins while aggressive factors are infection due to Pylori, alcohol consumption, NSAIDS, pepsin and bile salts.7.3 Signs of peptic ulcer: Abdominal pain between the bottom of the belly and breastbone, increased level of indigestion, nausea and heavy abdomen.7.4 Impact of antibiotic therapy on patients with peptic ulcer disease: Kills the H.Pylori bacteria, suppresses production of acid and neutralize any acid in the stomach.QUESTION 8 8.1 Cirrhosis of liver: It is a liver disease complication involving liver cell loss and irreversible liver scarring.8.2 Pathophysiology of cirrhosis of liver: It involves hepatocyte destruction, scarring or fibrosis leading to obstruction of the flow of blood, high pressure in sinusoidal and venous channels.8.3 Signs of Cirrohsis of the liver: Anorexia, Yellow skin discoloration, easy bleeding and leg swelling.8.4 impact of a high protein diet on patients with Cirrhosis of the Liver: Improves and supports liver functioning hence promoting healing.QUESTION 99.1 GOUT: An inflammatory arthritis associated with recurring attacks of hot, red, swollen joints.
THEORY ASSESSMENT 69.2 Pathophysiology: Results from high levels of uric acid in blood which crystallizes and gets deposited in tendons, joints and adjacent tissues.9.3 Signs: Joint stiffness, joint tenderness, joint pain and red look at the joint.9.4 Allopurinol on patients with gout: Regulates the production of uric acid hence reducing its amount in blood.9.4 Impact of Wearing a Splint for a Patient with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Relieves the amount of stress or pressure applied at the joint.QUESTION 1010.1 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A condition associated with pain, tingling and numbness in the arm or hand.10.2 Pathophysiology: Results from medial nerve compression at the carpal tunnel in the wrist.10.3 Signs: numbness, weakness, tingling and pain.10.4 Impact of Wearing a Splint for a Patient with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Relieves the amount of stress or pressure applied at the joint.QUESTION 11 11.1 Nephrotic Syndrome: It is a disorder of the kidney that is characterized by edema, hypoalbuminemia and proteinuria.11.2 Pathophysiology: It involves hypoalbuminemia due to loss of protein in urine, edema and proteinuria11.3 Signs: Anorexia, fatigue, weight gain and foamy urine.
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