Correlates of Offending and Victimization of Young Offenders

Correlates of Offending and Victimization of Young Offenders
Introduction
Education as correlation
● The association between youth and crime is
one of the most susceptible and vital relations in
criminology study.
●The relationship is not limited to any specific
country as the trend is visible in countries across
the globe.
●Several studies have been dedicated to the
correlates of offending and victimization of the
young offenders.
●Baldry, Briggs, Goldson and Russell (2017) in
their study on youth crime found that education
along with other aspects such as drug addiction,
poverty, health and disturbed family lives result
in youths committing offence.
•As Dr. Claire Gaskin explains, most of the young offenders hail
from lower socio-economic group. The urban population is also at
the high risk of offending behavior because of lack of educational
support and deprivation ("Dr Claire Gaskin", 2019).
•The young population faces problems with going to school and
achieving success due to the westernized system of educational
achievement where other talents are neglected.
•The students find it difficult to compete in such settings and
engage in deviant behavior. This results in the increasing number
of offenders in the juvenile justice system.
•Young, Greer and Church (2017) has found that when juvenile
offenders are engaged in “education and skills-based training”,
their rehabilitation becomes largely successful.
Image 1. Children in flexible educational settings have higher chances of retention and lower
chances of offending behavior
(Source:https://theconversation.com/how-to-promote-creativity-in-the-classroom-51838)
Evidence base•Brett Collins observed that most of the children in the juvenile
systems are those who do not have a trajectory into any job or
education. These children come from families that have
uncertainties and families where there is no breadwinner. ("Brett
Collins", 2019)
• These children are at the high risk of offending behavior and need
intervention at an early age. Hence, interventions to help them at
that stage are crucial.
•According to the Australia Bureau of Statistics, around 54,000
youth offenders have been detained in the year 2016-2017. The
youth offenders constituted around 13% of the total offender
population as per the statistics. (Abs.gov.au, 2019)
•The rate of crime by the youth offender has increased significantly
from the previous year although the pattern is not similar in every
state.
•The national offender rate in states like Tasmania, South Australia
and the Northern Territory decreased as compared to the national
offender rate. Western Australia had the highest youth offender
rate.
Evidence base
Conclusion
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This presentation poster was designed by FPPT.
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•Evidences also suggest that the Aboriginal and Torres Strait
Islander children are the most at risk when it comes to juvenile
crime. The average detention rate of Aboriginal and Torres Strait
Islander youth is 43% for the years 2014 and 2015, which is
highly over-represented. The Indigenous youth make up only 6%
of the population.
•In her study in the New South Wales territory, Dr. Gaskin finds
that more and more students are shifting towards the borderline
in the distribution curve for intelligence quotient or IQ.
•This evidence suggests that children are reluctant to go to
schools and receive education because not every child has the
same IQ to learn things. This results in those children ending up
in the detention for offending behavior.
•Evidences have also shown that those young people detained
due to offending behavior could be helped if they are given non-
academic type of learning. Programmes have been developed
that focus on education that is suited to young people without a
high IQ but with other talents.
•In the general society, evidences are there that suggest the
schools with flexible education help retain young people in
schools and away from offending behavior.
Therefore, as evident from the analysis, education has an important
correlation with offending behavior in young people. The analysis found that
while lack of proper education causes the young people to commit offence,
presence of flexible education helps them stay in schools and abstain from
offending behavior. The analysis also found that the Aboriginal and Torres
Strait Islander people are more at risk of offending behavior than is the
general population. Evidences have been there that suggest the rise of flexible
education in helping people from the rural and Indigenous community to retail
in school.
Figure 1. The rate of youth offenders by territory
(Source: https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/by%20Subject/4519.0~2016-
17~Main%20Features~Youth%20Offenders~4)
Figure 2. Types of offences that young people are
involved in
(Source: https://www.msd.govt.nz/about-msd-and-our-
work/publications-resources/journals-and-magazines/
social-policy-journal/spj37/37-the-relationship-between-
school-and-youth-offending.html)
Figure 3. Aboriginal representation in youth offending
behavior
(Source:
https://www.creativespirits.info/aboriginalculture/law/juve
nile-detention)
References:
Abs.gov.au 2019. 4519.0 - Recorded Crime - Offenders, 2016-17. [online] Abs.gov.au. Available
at: https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/by%20Subject/4519.0~2016-17~Main
%20Features~Youth%20Offenders~4 [Accessed 16 May 2019].
Baldry, E., Briggs, D., Goldson, B. and Russell, S., 2017. 'Cruel and Unusual Punishment': An
Inter-Jurisdictional Study of the Criminalisation of Young People with Complex Support
Needs. Baldry, E., Briggs, DB, Goldson, B., Russell, S.(2017)'Cruel and unusual punishment': an
inter-jurisdictional study of the criminalisation of young people with complex support needs,
Journal of Youth Studies, DOI, 10(13676261.2017), p.1406072.
Young, S., Greer, B. and Church, R., 2017. Juvenile delinquency, welfare, justice and therapeutic
interventions: a global perspective. BJPsych bulletin, 41(1), pp.21-29.
YouTube. 2019. Brett Collins. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=LFcb31_VfEM [Accessed 16 May 2019].
YouTube. 2019. Dr Claire Gaskin. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=GdDwE9L208I [Accessed 16 May 2019].