Instruments and Equipment used for Clinical Dental Care : Assignment
Added on 2020-07-23
12 Pages3588 Words146 Views
Instruments and equipmentused for Clinical Dental Care
TABLE OF CONTENTSINTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................11) Cross infection...................................................................................................................12) Causes of cross infection....................................................................................................13) Methods of preventing cross infection...............................................................................24) Meaning of standard precaution.........................................................................................25) Importance of each factor...................................................................................................36) Table on microorganisms...................................................................................................37) Process and reason for maintaining equipment as per manufacturer’s instructions..........48) Definition of terms.............................................................................................................49) Checking the following before use...................................................................................410) Table based on hazards....................................................................................................511) Potential risk of not decontaminating instruments and equipment..................................612) Reasons for instruments to be cleaned prior to sterilisation............................................613) Potential risks if equipment and materials are not disinfected after use..........................714) Dangers of not disposing waste properly.........................................................................715) Long term effects of using damaged or pre-used sterile goods.......................................817) Different types of waste produced in dental surgery and relevant recepticles that they mustdispose....................................................................................................................................818) Disposing waste in surgery..............................................................................................9CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
INTRODUCTIONInfection spreads from one person to another quickly. It can happen by cross infection inwhich harmful bacteria gets involved in the environment. These bacteria are transmitted throughelements like objects, place, etc. In medical care, it is crucial to maintain and ensure proper cleanenvironment to control infection. It can be done by properly sterilising and disinfecting theequipment and components that are used in providing care. This will reduce the risk of getting apatient infected. Moreover, proper waste disposal facilities should be implemented to preventinfectious diseases. This project will throw light on the methods of preventing cross infectionand importance of sterilisation as well as disinfection of equipment in dental care. What practicesshould be followed for disposing of waste and how it affects environment if not effectivelymanaged. Also, how it can affect the environment if not properly disposed is shown. MAIN BODY1) Cross infectionIt is the transfer of harmful microorganisms such as bacterial germs from one person toanother by which the person gets infected. It can be transferred from one object, place or one partof body to another. It happens because either the person is having poor bacterial protection or isphysically weak. The most common type of cross infection is nosocomial which usually happensin hospitals or health-and-social-care facilities (Bennett,., Kramer, and Bosack,, 2015).Moreover, its types are urinary tract infection (UTI), surgical wound, etc. Also, acute, airborne,general and latent are different types of infections.2) Causes of cross infectionIt is generally caused by bacteria, viruses or other microorganisms that are present in theenvironment. It enters through blood vessels and then spread in the whole body. It occursbecause of poor health care services or failure of staff in providing these services. For example-they do not wash their hands after taking off gloves. It also occurs due to poor immune system ofold or young people (Chuenjitwongsa, and et..al., 2016) Fever is the first sign of infection but inelder persons, frequent breathing, clammy skin, etc. are signs of infection. Surgical infectionoccurs due to entering of bacteria in body through wounds or burns. 1
3) Methods of preventing cross infectionCross infection can be diagnosed on the basis of signs and symptoms of the infection. Butits prevention methods are explained as below:- Cleaning hands- It is the most common thing that must be kept in mind before providingany medical treatment or health care facilities. Using sanitizer and warm water for washinghands can be done to prevent infection (Gopman, 2014) Also, cleaning hands before and aftereating food should be done.Wearing gloves- It should be ensured that the person who is giving treatment must weargloves. It protects from patients from getting infected. Staff members should regularly changetheir gloves as they contain lots of bacteria and viruses. Covering face- Many diseases are spread through coughing or sneezing. The essentialparts such as mouth, nose, etc. should be covered to prevent from bacteria. It can be done byusing a tissue, hanker chief or washing hands immediately. Avoiding contact- If a person gets sick, he or she should avoid contacting with otherpeople. This can be done by sitting at home after visiting a doctor. In this case stay away frompeople and don’t shake hands. Proper vaccination- Persons suffering from diseases such as chicken pox, mumps,measles, etc. must immediately consult a doctor to get proper vaccine. It must be assured thatthese diseases are not spread further. 4) Meaning of standard precautionIt is the standards that are been set up to control practices used in preventing transmissionof disease. These are established by Centre of Disease Control (CDC) to be followed in hospitalsand health centres. It must be used by staff members for the care of all patients. The maincomponent used is personal protective equipment (PPE), cleaning environment and hand hygiene(Hockenberry, and Wilson,, 2014).PPE- It refers to devices that are used by an individual to protect the cross infection. Itincludes gloves, face masks, etc. which must be wear while giving treatment. It must be properlydisposed after being used.Hand hygiene- It is one of the most effective methods of standard precaution. It refers tocleaning of hands before and after visiting a patient. It can be performed by washing hands withsanitizer and warm water.2
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