Integrated Emergency Management : Assignment

Integrated Emergency
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................1
P5. Explanation of the principles of effective emergency incident response..............................1
P6. Define the recovery stage following an emergency incident................................................2
M3. Describe the need for debriefs and reviewing to inform future planning and responding. .4
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................5
P7. Identification of a range of examples of emergency incidents.............................................5
M4. Investigation of the roles of the public services in a specific real world emergency
incident........................................................................................................................................6
D2. Evaluation of a a particular real-world emergency incident, making reference to the type
of incident, actions taken,collaborative agency working involved, and lessons learned............6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Integrated emergency management system refers to an all hazard approach to the
coordination, direction and control of disasters independent of their type, origin, size and
complexity. It can be a managerial function which is responsible for designing the framework
under which communities minimize vulnerability to hazards and cope with disasters (Boonmee,
Arimura and Asada, 2017). This assignment is related to National Health Care organisation
which is publicly funded national health care system, founded in 1948 and headquartered in
England. This report will discussed about the principles of effective emergency incident response
and recovery stages that are following an emergency incidents. Further will defined about
various example of emergency incident and the role of public service in a specific real world
emergency incident.
TASK 3
P5. Explanation of the principles of effective emergency incident response
There are various assistance and responders are recruited by the national authorities to
provide information, warn and advise the public regarding unexpected situation like flood,
disasters and others. There are different acts and regulations are developed by them to fulfil these
duties, they are as following:
Civil Contingencies Act, 2004- It is an Act of the Parliament of UK which forms
precondition about civil contingencies. This act is developed by the government authorities to set
up a clear set of roles and responsibilities for those who help and showing their involvement in
emergency preparation and response at local level.
Contingency Planning Regulations, 2005- It is an another act of emergency incident and
it divided in to two categories. Category 1 consist various duties and responsibilities according to
the Civil Contingencies Act 2004 and category 2 consist cooperation and information sharing
activities and duties.
Principle of effective response and recovery
There are various principles that can be followed and implement by the management of
National Health Services for effective response and recovery (Dorasamy, Raman and Kaliannan,
2017). Some of them are mentioned as below:
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Strategic Coordinating Group- This principle can be followed by the management of
NHS. With the help of this principle, this firm can take overall responsibility for multi agency
management of the emergency and set up policies and strategies under which lower levels of
command will operate (Frankland and et. al., 2013). For example, if there are any unexpected
situation related to disaster then NHS can work against them and make command, control and
coordination with the situation with the help of its management and services which are provided
by it against these kind of circumstances.
Single agency- It indicates to those agencies which are working and taking action against
emergency situations. These organisation followed gold, silver and bronze control structure
make command on emergency incident. This principle can be followed by NHS during the time
of unexpected situations
Multi-agency-It refer to the involvement of various organisation specially social welfare
programs. These agencies make command and control in emergency situation on the basis of
strategic, tactical and operational. For example, in emergency situation, NHS can provide various
health and safety services.
Command, control and control- It is and effective principle for emergency incident
response. The principle of command and control are ascendable and can be implemented by
NHS across several levels from state to local and in a multi agency setting also.
P6. Define the recovery stage following an emergency incident
The stages of recovery that are followed by organisation during the time of emergency
incidents. They are as following:
Rebuilding, restoring and rehabilitating- It is the first stage to recover the condition and
situation of disaster and emergency incident. In this stage, NHS can help in recovering and
rebuilding. For example, there are some people's health affected by flood the this company can
help in recovering and rehabilitating the health of them. For emergency and unexpected
situations, national healthcare services department provide free services fro rebuilding, restoring
and rehabilitating.
Categories of recovery- This is the next stage, in it the firm help in recover the health,
economic loss, infrastructure damage and environmental harm etc. NHS is a healthcare firm so it
help in recovering humanitarian or heath related harm (Kim and Kim, 2015). For example, in UK
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if the help of people are affected by any unexpected disaster then this firm provide emergency
treatment and treatment of infectious diseases.
Opportunity for regeneration- It is the next stage in which organisation help in
regeneration. For example, due to any natural disaster, there are various issues facing by people
like unemployment, accommodation, health issues and others (Paton and Johnston, 2017). For
the purpose of regeneration, organisation can provide job opportunities to local people. For
example, NHS provide free treatment to those people who are injured and their health affected
by emergency incident. This provide a opportunity to the firm for regeneration and overcome the
situation.
Subject to scrutiny from community, the media and politician- It is next stage in which
media, politician and community help in recovering the emergency incidents. For example, if
there earthquake disaster faced by the people. In this case media help in finding out or gathering
information related to the causes of this disaster so that they can provide information to the
society. Politician refer to legislation, to overcome form these kind of problems and recover the
situation after disaster, the government will follow legislation related to it like civil contingencies
act and contingency planning regulation etc. Government bodies also can formulate various new
laws so that they can easily recover these conditions. Society can also help or providing support
in overcoming these issues by making their evolvement in environmental support activities.
Cost- It is the next stage in which financial resources like cost and find also help and
support to over from unexpected natural activities. For example, NHS provide some services like
emergency treatment and treatment of infectious diseases are provide to everyone including
visitors at free of cost.
Recovery co-ordinating group- In this stage, the organisation providing training and
other kind of support to those groups who help in recovering and overcoming from the situation
of emergency incident. For example, in UK, the problem of flood are facing by all then in this
situation, those agencies which are working against these kind of conditions, they providing to
their co-ordinating groups so that they help the people to overcome form it.
Agencies- This is the last stage, in it the agencies and government bodies help or work
for recovering the people, infrastructure and environmental from uncertainty of natural disaster
and others (Paton and Johnston, 2017). There are various agencies which are working to recover
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different issues in different manner. NHS help in recover health related issues of people which
are occurred due to natural disaster and others.
M3. Describe the need for debriefs and reviewing to inform future planning and responding
During the time of natural disaster and unaccepted unfavourable natural activities, there
are various needs for debriefing and reviewing to inform future planning and responding. Some
of them are as following;
To find out the cause- It is important to do debrief and review the emergency incident so
that it the reason and causes can be find out (Phillips, Neal and Webb, 2016). If the agencies,
government and media identify the causes of these kind of issues then they always prepare for
taking action and face them. To know the root of these unfavourable problems, they can create
awareness and make future planning ad responding.
Provide reason to the community- Debriefing and reviewing is necessary to offer the
information about the causes and reasons of unexpected natural activities to community. To
provide reasons to people of the society is important so that they can stop or remove those
activities which are the causes of these hurdles. For example, deforestation is the reason of flood.
So if the people are aware these kind of things then they will not do those activities which are the
generator of natural disaster.
To recover and overcome the situation- With the help of debriefing, if the people,
agencies and politician are aware about the reason and causes of emergency incidents then they
all are ready to face and recover these situations. For example, the the people will not do those
activities which create these issues and they will properly follow instructions against these
issues. The government design laws and regulation to provide help to the community regarding
unaccepted incident.
Comprehensive record keeping- Debriefing and reviewing is necessary because it help in
maintaining comprehensive record and offering relevant information related to unexpected
emergency incident. If the agencies doing brief analysing and observation about disasters then it
help in gaining or finding out the reasons of those problems (Principi, Squartini and Piazza,
2015). It help in future planing and responding against emergency incidents in future.
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TASK 4
P7. Identification of a range of examples of emergency incidents
There are several different kind of natural disaster and emergency incident are happen in
the world. There are some examples related to these kind of uncertainty of unfavourable natural
activities are as following:
UK based emergency incidents- There are various natural disaster happen s in UK like Grenfell
Tower fire, Parsons Green terrorist attack, UK Floods, Shoreham air how plane crash etc. Here
the example of UK flood is mentioned below:
A series of serious floods occurred in UK during the time of summer in 2007. It affected
various areas of UK like Scotland, Yorkshire, Midlands, Gloucestershire, Herefordshire and
Worcestershire and others (Ransikarbum and Mason, 2016). This flood destroyed the life of
people, infrastructure and various others things. In this natural disaster 55000 properties and
homes were destroyed and the disaster affected estimated 35,000 people and £41 million. 6000
people were forced to take and surviving into temporary accommodation and many of those
suffer over a year out of their homes. 1400 people had survived to live in caravans until their
homes were repaired. The cause of this flood was heavy rainfall at the time of 2007 and the
natural and man made drainage systems have insufficient capacity to deal with the volume of
rainfall. In this situation there are various agencies and other non statutory agencies help and
provide support to overcome from this disaster by providing help related to infrastructure
recovery, health care services, accommodation services and others.
International emergency incidents- There are various different uncertain activities like
Hurricane Irma and Maria 2017, Paris terror attacks, Bastille Day terrorist attack and Ebola are
some emergency incident that are faced by the whole world population. Here discussed about the
Ebola an international disaster.
It is virus which was discovered in 1976 an it is a deadliest viral diseases. When two
consecutive outbreaks of fatal haemorrhagic fever occurred in various parts of Africa this virus
was identified. It affected all the world population so it named as a international disaster. During
the 2014-2015 Ebola outbreak in West Africa and it again affected various areas of the world.
Cause of this virus estimated 1208 people are died and 1851had affected form it (Řezník,
Horáková and Szturc, 2015). In this situation various organisation provide help and support to
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the population in various manners. For example, NHS provide free treatment to affected
population so that it can help and make its contribution in overcome and recover this disaster.
M4. Investigation of the roles of the public services in a specific real world emergency incident
There are different and essential roles play by public services in emergency incident.
Those agencies which are works for the local public and state department of transportation play
and effective role in disasters and other emergencies (Sahebjamnia, Torabi and Mansouri, 2015).
Their maintenance and operations staffs constitute the most visible and vital element, specially in
the response and recovery. During the time of Flood in UK in 2007, these local public agencies
and state and national government department play an important role in order to support or
overcome from disaster situation. They provide their services related to transportations, health
services, accommodation services and others so that help in recovering population from form
emergency incident. During the time of this Flood disaster there are various role play by different
agencies or government authorities in UK. The Flood and Water management authorities
cooperate with each other and act in manner which is consistent with the national flood and
coastal erosion risk management strategy. Local flood authorities develop and maintain strategy
for local flood risk management.
Utility providers also play an essential role by attending emergencies and providing
services by putting life at risk. The government also play effective role because it help in
managing rest centres and provide administration. It provide telephone helpline support and offer
transportation and communication. The government of the nation also playing essential role by
providing practical and emotional support to those people and population which was affected
through flood disaster. The national civil defence emergency management plan to set outs the
national authority's vision for managing emergencies, like flooding. Police force also help in to
overcome from uncertain or unfavourable natural incident (Sylves, 2019). They provide their
support in saving life of people and coordinate the preparation and dissemination. They help in
coordination and communication between emergency services and those organisation which are
established for this purpose.
D2. Evaluation of a a particular real-world emergency incident, making reference to the type of
incident, actions taken,collaborative agency working involved, and lessons learned
In 2007 UK faced a problem of natural disaster in form of flood. This unexpected
incident affected various areas of UK and impacted population, infrastructure, economic
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condition of the country in negative manners. It is a type of natural emergency incident which
highly affected all the nation. In this, disaster people lost their life, homes, employment and
various other important things (Wang and et. al., 2017). During the time of this uncertainty
government play an important role by taking action against it. They providing various services to
support an help the people who are affected by this unexpected indecent. Various collaborative
agencies like environment agency and food standards agency help the people by providing their
support. In reference this problem, the national authorities of UK taking action by helping people
and formulating laws recreated to it. So that in future all are prepared to face these kind of issues.
From this disaster, the people can learn lesson that they should not do those activities and work
which are the cause and generator of these emergency disasters. For example, deforestation is the
main reason so from it they can monitor that it is the major reason of flood and in future they will
not perform activities like it. With this incident, they learned that they should always ready to
face and overcome to uncertain problems and situation (Zhang and et. al., 2017).
CONCLUSION
Ad per the mentioned information It can be concluded that there are various emergency
incident which are occurred an generated in the world. There are various principle that can be
followed by the agencies in context of effective emergency incident repose to recover and
overcome from different kind of disasters. Recovery stages are beneficial to manage and recover
the situation of uncertainty incidents. Different kind of emergency incident example are
mentioned like UK Flood 2007 and Ebola which help in providing information that what actions
are taking by the government from recover the situations.
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REFERENCES
Books & Journals
Boonmee, C., Arimura, M. and Asada, T., 2017. Facility location optimization model for
emergency humanitarian logistics. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 24.
pp.485-498.
Dorasamy, M., Raman, M. and Kaliannan, M., 2017. Integrated community emergency
management and awareness system: A knowledge management system for disaster
support. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 121. pp.139-167.
Frankland, R. and et. al., 2013. Integrated change management unit. U.S. Patent 8,484,111.
Kim, S. and Kim, S., 2015. Differentiated waiting time management according to patient class in
an emergency care center using an open Jackson network integrated with pooling and
prioritizing. Annals of Operations Research. 230(1). pp.35-55.
Paton, D. and Johnston, D., 2017. Disaster resilience: an integrated approach. Charles C
Thomas Publisher.
Paton, D. and Johnston, D., 2017.Disaster resilience: an integrated approach. Charles C
Thomas Publisher.
Phillips, B., Neal, D. M. and Webb, G., 2016. Introduction to emergency management. CRC
Press.
Principi, E., Squartini, S., Bonfigli, R., Ferroni, G. and Piazza, F., 2015. An integrated system for
voice command recognition and emergency detection based on audio signals. Expert
Systems with Applications. 42(13). pp.5668-5683.
Ransikarbum, K. and Mason, S. J., 2016. Multiple-objective analysis of integrated relief supply
and network restoration in humanitarian logistics operations. International Journal of
Production Research. 54(1). pp.49-68.
Řezník, T., Horáková, B. and Szturc, R., 2015. Advanced methods of cell phone localization for
crisis and emergency management applications. International Journal of Digital Earth.
8(4). pp.259-272.
Sahebjamnia, N., Torabi, S. A. and Mansouri, S. A., 2015. Integrated business continuity and
disaster recovery planning: Towards organizational resilience. European Journal of
Operational Research. 242(1). pp.261-273.
Sylves, R. T., 2019. Disaster policy and politics: Emergency management and homeland
security. CQ Press.
Wang, J. W. and et. al., 2017. On an integrated approach to resilient transportation systems in
emergency situations. Natural Computing, pp.1-9.
Zhang, N. and et. al., 2017. Software defined space-air-ground integrated vehicular networks:
Challenges and solutions. IEEE Communications Magazine. 55(7). pp.101-109.
Online
Civil Emergencies. 2019. [Online]. Available Through: <https://www.app.college.police.uk/app-
content/civil-emergencies/civil-contingencies/command-control-and-coordination/>.
UK's Worst flooding disasters. 2019. [Online]. Available Through:
<https://www.weholite.co.uk/news/ukrsquos-worst-flooding-disasters/>.
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