Integrated Emergency Management Report

This report explores the concept of Integrated Emergency Management in the UK, focusing on the roles of public services in disaster preparedness and response. It examines relevant legislation, guidance, and the importance of emergency planning, highlighting the crucial role of collaboration and coordination among various agencies. The report also analyzes the processes for military support during emergencies and the considerations for effective disaster planning.

Integrated
Emergency
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
P1) Legislation and Guidance to Public Services on Dealing with Emergency Incidents.....3
P2) Public Services Provided Having Responsibility to Plan and Respond to Emergency
Incidents ................................................................................................................................5
M1) Reporting the Circumstances and Processes for Military Support During Emergency
Incidents.................................................................................................................................6
D1) Analysing Responsibilities of Public Services to meet Legislative Requirements of
Emergency Planning...............................................................................................................7
P3) Role Played by Public Services in Emergency Planning.................................................7
P4) Main Considerations to be Taken into Account While Planning for Emergency Situations
................................................................................................................................................8
M2) Importance of Emergency Planning in Emergency Situations.......................................9
CONLCLUSION.............................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Integrated Emergency Management can be defined as the framework which allows the
various levels of government to work together to mitigate, prepare for, respond to and recover
from the emergency conditions and disasters which an economy comes across. In the following
assignment, the public sector organisation is Natural Hazards Partnership which was established
in 2011, provides information, do research on natural hazards for the development of effective
policies, communications for governments and to the responder community across UK
(Veenema and et. al., 2016). The assignment will further focus on the guidance and legislation
provided to public services for dealing with these disasters and the authorities responsible to deal
with these situations. Further the assignment will also provide knowledge about the importance
of being prepared and planned.
MAIN BODY
P1) Legislation and Guidance to Public Services on Dealing with Emergency Incidents
The guidance to the public services is provided by major authorities who have the right to
make policies and implement them for the welfare of the UK as whole. The Legislation and
Guidance provided to the public services of UK are discussed as under:
Civil Contingency Act, 2004:
Part 1: Local Arrangements For Civil Protection
Under the Part 1 of Civil Contingency Act, it makes the local authorities liable to make
pre assessment of risk by making plans, and making a clear set of their roles and responsibilities.
Further it also provides them with the responsibility to be prepared and manage their own
performance from time to time in relation to deal with emergency conditions. The responders in
Part 2: Emergency Powers:
Under this part of Contingency Act, several temporary emergency regulations and
passing legislation which are made to deal with a particular situation and are only valid for short
period mainly for 30 days. These acts are introduced in order to prevent damage to human
welfare, etc.
Integrated Approach:

It is an approach to disaster management which is adopted in order to deal with the
situations arise during disasters (Rutkow and et. al., 2014). The following approach also
includes both proactive and reactive strategies which are discussed as under:
Anticipation: In the very first stage, an anticipation is done on the occurrence of any natural or
man made disaster and also to the extent to which it can affect the economy..
Emergency Planning: It tells about the planning done in order to deal with a particular situation
of crisis or disaster.
Preparedness: It tells to be prepared for deal with situations of crisis or disasters in order to
minimise their impacts.
Response: In this phase, already built up plans to deal with situations are implemented for
responding to the situation.
Relief: This action is taken in order to save the affected lives from the disaster.
Recovery, Reconstruction and Rehabilitation: The mist challenging phase of the disaster
cycle. In this phase, the destruction caused by the disaster is compensated by reconstructing and
making the place good again to live.
In case of man made disasters, the armed forces of the country also makes their
contribution by helping the government bodies in overcoming the situation. Overall many public
bodies are responsible for dealing with these situations but their joint working makes this work
easier and get better results (Rokkas, Cornell and Steenkamp, 2014).
These all bodies work together to deal with these kind of major emergencies situations.
Meetings are organised within various departments and bodies of the government to find out the
best solution for problem faced by the economy. These meetings comes up with an objective
which every body has to work upon. Voluntary Sector Civil Protection Forum is a body of UK
Government which identifies and increases the contribution of voluntary sector towards the civil
protection arrangements so that they may also make their help in upcoming for the disaster.
Levels of Command:
There are three level of commands which are used to guide to the authorities which will
take proper actions to deal with them. These stages are discussed as under:
Strategic Level: This level focuses on defining and supporting national policies and relates
directly to the outcome.

Operational Level: In this level the armed forces of the country are ordered to complete the
operation they are provided with to gain over advantage to the situation (Lee and et. al., 2016) .
Tactic Level: It is a traditional way in which the action need to be taken are firstly decided by
doing meetings or organising campaigns.
P2) Public Services Provided Having Responsibility to Plan and Respond to Emergency
Incidents
Cabinet Office: The Cabinet Office of UK is body which is composed of various units
that makes policies and implements them for the welfare of the country as a whole. It provides
guidance and support to the other departments of the country to deal with the emergency
conditions in the country.
Civil Contingency Act, 2004: The Act of Parliament of UK that consists of a framework and
provides guidance to the public services in dealing with situations of emergencies from the local
to the national level.
Types of Disaster:
There are different types of disaster with which an economy has to deal with. These
disaster are discussed as under:
Natural Disasters: These are the disasters which are caused due to imbalance in the nature such
as earthquakes, hurricanes, etc. These types of disasters are also classified further as biological,
hydro metrological and geophysical disasters.
Technological Disasters: These are also known as man made disasters. These are those disasters
which are created by humans intentionally or non intentionally due to lack of concentration, or
feeling of distress (Rutkow and et. al., 2014) .
Category 1 of Contingency Act, 2004:
Emergency Services: In these services Police Forces, British Transport Police, Fire Authorities,
Ambulance Services and Maritime and Coastguard Agencies are included providing support to
citizens.
Local Authorities: Under this category of responders all principal local authorities such as shire
districts, shire countries, etc. are included.
Health Bodies: In this category Primary Care Trusts, Acute Trusts, Foundation Trusts, Local
Health Boards (in Wales), Health Protection Agency are included and provides services such as
medication to the injured people.

Government Agency:It includes bodies such as Environment Agency and Scottish Environment
Agency which provides information to the citizens such as about bad weather and advising the
locals to stay at home only.
Category 2 of Contingency Act, 2004:
Utilities: Responders covered under this category are electricity distributors, gas distributors and
telephone service providers.
Transport and Others: Rail Networks, Road Transports, Highway Agencies are included in this
this category (Rosenzweig and Solecki, 2014).
The role played by them is with the help of services provided as through their services they will
help in restoring the economy to normal level.
Another supporting organisations are such as Red Cross, St John Ambulance, Oxfam, The
Salvation Army which also makes their contribution to deal with emergency conditions such as
working in the interest of handicapped, homeless people, whether they are animals, or humans
(Shapiro and Stefkovich, 2016).
The objectives of all these bodies is to save the lives of people and make over on the
harm occurred to the environment due to the natural or man made calamities. The relief is
provided to the people with the services such as the police provides protection and makes the
people aware about any misshapen. Ambulance and other Health Agencies provides medication
facilities to injured and effected people. The government also makes their contribution by
rehabilitation process. During these calamities public bodies are not only the one who makes
their contribution but other volunteers whether they may npo organisations or individual persons
who help to the extent to which they can do such as providing food and shelter to homeless
people.
M1) Reporting the Circumstances and Processes for Military Support During Emergency
Incidents
The circumstances which are not dealt with the current available forces are transferred to
Military and all the information about the current situation are provided to Military and the
situation is handed over to the Military which is then handled by the military and also support
from the other public bodies are also provided to them so that the situation can be easily
overcome.

D1) Analysing Responsibilities of Public Services to meet Legislative Requirements of
Emergency Planning
The Public Service are provided with a number of responsibilities to meet the legislative
requirements of emergency planning. These responsibilities includes making the assessment of
the risk properly and this must be handled with care. The public services are also responsible for
making the people aware about any disaster that can occur. So they have a number of
responsibilities to do and the best working according to these policies will lead to positive
results.
P3) Role Played by Public Services in Emergency Planning
Emergency Planning can be defined as a course of action which is developed to reduce
the damage of any potential misshapen that ca occur in the near future. Such a plan includes
various measures to deal with these situations. It also includes the severity of an incident and the
steps which are needed to take in order to eliminate the entire risk of that problem or to minimise
its impact (Kirby, Gioia and Law, 2014).
In 2013, The Cabinet Office published a guidance on preparing and planning in case of
emergencies. This publication also outlined about the National Resilience Capabilities
Programme which aimed at increasing the capability of UK's economy to respond and recover
from a given situation. The following programme comprises of 24 work streams which includes
resilience, mass causalities and evacuation and shelter. The Public Services plays very crucial
role in Emergency Planning which are discussed as under:
Anticipation: It can also be said horizon scanning. Anticipation can be defined as the process of
forecasting about the future disaster that can occur. The public services plays an important role in
identifying these calamities which can happen and effect the livelihood. It aims is to be aware
about of new hazards and threats which can come in front of an country.
Threats to Locality: The role of public bodies do not end with the anticipation part only. They
also measure the impact of the disaster on the people. These disasters also impacts upon the
society as a whole so they also make a pre estimate about the damage that it can cause such as to
the lives of people, an estimation of medical support facilities to be provided to the people, ways
by which the people can be informed about the disaster and how it can coordinate with the
activities of voluntary sector (Shaw, 2014).

Safety: It refers to the measures which are the public bodies have and are finding more ways to
deal with these kind of situations. The public bodies plays an important role as they makes
procedures and policies in order to give effective response in case of emergency. For safety
measures it also notifies the emergency services organisations as the earliest possible time.
Proper medical treatment and assistance facilities are also made available at right time and at the
right place to the needful. Further the public bodies also guides their workers how to implement
the emergency procedures in the situations by providing them training, information.
Risk and Threat Management: Risk ad Threat Management can be defined as the process by
which the risk related to the particular situation which will arise in the near future will be
assessed. The level of risk associated with the disaster is also assessed. As this will help in
making the policies and prepare themselves to confront the disaster. This assessment also helps
in making arrangements of various needful things such as the good and shelter to those persons
which will be affected by the Disaster (Bennett, Phillips and Davis, 2017).
Community Risk Register: Community Risk Register consists of various activities which
guides to deal with situations of major emergencies such as large fire or flooding. It sets out
following under discussed points:
 major emergencies likely to happen
 preparation to deal with the situations arising during the disaster
 Ways to responding to emergencies
 analysing and finding more information about the risks.
 Measures taken in order to reduce or minimise the impact of disasters.
P4) Main Considerations to be Taken into Account While Planning for Emergency Situations
While making plans to deal with the disasters that a country can come across, it has to
look upon various factors and has to consider various things. The very first is the Cooperation
among al the public bodies as their integrated work and cooperation will help to deal with the
situation more effectively and in a good way.
Local Resilience Forums are multi agency partnerships of Category 1 responders which
are supported by the Category 2 responders. It means that while planning for emergency
situations, the Local Resilience Forums helps in creating cooperation in between the Category 1
and Category 2 responders which is also necessary to gain advantage over the situation.

The public bodies are also required to make cooperation with other related organisations
which are also working with public bodies in order to deal with the situation. This cooperation
can be made with the help of doing proper meetings and make them aware about their objective
of working (Noll and et. al., 2014) .
They must make sure that they are performing every task in the right and proper way. For
example, while making plans for preventing from the emergency it must make sure that they are
doing every thing step wise. These steps are made in order to know and mitigate the effects of
emergency and the plans made by them should also provide the same so that it does not create
any confusion. These plans are based on assessment made on the risks so it is also necessary to
assess properly the risk, they assessment does not provide any information incorrectly.
Further the testing of these plans must also be done. It will help in knowing about the
validity of these plans that for how much time these plans can work effectively and bring
positive result for the welfare as a whole.
M2) Importance of Emergency Planning in Emergency Situations
Emergency Planning is very important in order to deal with emergency situations. It is so
because it provides generic procedures for managing unforeseen impacts and also provides us the
knowledge of how to anticipate the needs. These are the needs which will arise during the
occurrence of foreseeable hazards. Plans are needed, not only for responding to the current
situation faced by the economy but also to make recovery and reconstruct what is destroyed
effectively. That is why it is very important to make emergency plans in case of emergency
situations (Colvard and et. al., 2016).
CONLCLUSION
From the above given data it can be concluded that for proper dealing with the situations
related to disaster management, the public bodies must follow the rules and guidance provided to
them in order to get overcome from the situation. Further it is also concluded that cooperation
among all the bodies which are public, private and voluntary is necessary so that the situation
can be handled in an effective way. While making plans for risk assessment it is also necessary
to make them with due care so as to cover all the aspects to get the positive outcome. Moreover,
it is also concluded that emergency planning has to be done with keeping in mind all the aspects
that affect the reliability of plan and it ca be applied in a particular situation.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Veenema, T. G., and et. al., 2016. Nurses as leaders in disaster preparedness and response—A
call to action. Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 48(2). pp.187-200.
Rutkow, L., and et. al., 2014. The public health workforce and willingness to respond to
emergencies: a 50-State analysis of Potentially Influential Laws. The Journal of Law,
Medicine & Ethics. 42(1).pp.64-71.
Rokkas, P., Cornell, V. and Steenkamp, M., 2014. Disaster preparedness and response:
Challenges for Australian public health nurses–A literature review. Nursing & health
sciences. 16(1). pp.60-66.
Lee, K., and et. al., 2016. Improvements of safety management system in Korean chemical
industry after a large chemical accident. Journal of loss prevention in the process
industries. 42. pp.6-13.
Rutkow, L., and et. al., 2014. Emergency preparedness law and willingness to respond in the
EMS workforce. Prehospital and disaster medicine. 29(4). pp.358-363.
Rosenzweig, C. and Solecki, W., 2014. Hurricane Sandy and adaptation pathways in New York:
Lessons from a first-responder city. Global Environmental Change. 28. pp.395-408.
Kirby, M. F., Gioia, R. and Law, R. J., 2014. The principles of effective post-spill environmental
monitoring in marine environments and their application to preparedness
assessment. Marine pollution bulletin. 82(1-2). pp.11-18.
Bennett, D., Phillips, B. D. and Davis, E., 2017. The future of accessibility in disaster conditions:
How wireless technologies will transform the life cycle of emergency
management. Futures. 87. pp.122-132.
Noll, G. G., and et. al., 2014. Hazardous materials: Managing the incident. Jones & Bartlett
Publishers.
Colvard, M. D., and et. al., 2016. The evolving role of dental responders on interprofessional
emergency response teams. Dental Clinics. 60(4). pp.907-920.
Shaw, R. ed., 2014. Community practices for disaster risk reduction in Japan. Springer Science
& Business Media.
Shapiro, J. P. and Stefkovich, J.A., 2016. Ethical leadership and decision making in education:
Applying theoretical perspectives to complex dilemmas. Routledge.