Integrity Management Project: Analyzing Challenges Faced by International Maritime College in Oman

This report analyzes the challenges faced by International Maritime College in Oman, particularly in handling Information Technology projects. It discusses the organization profile, structure, strategy, and analytical tools used for approach. The report also provides recommendations and an execution process to overcome the identified barriers.

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Integrity management project
Name of the student
Name of the university
Author note:

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Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Aim of the report...................................................................................................................1
1.2 Organization profile...............................................................................................................2
1.3 Organizational structure.........................................................................................................3
1.4 Organizational strategy..........................................................................................................4
1.5 Analytical tool for approach..................................................................................................4
McKinsey’s 7S Framework.............................................................................................................4
Fishbone diagram.............................................................................................................................6
1.6 Problem Analysis.......................................................................................................................8
1.6.1 Functional Analysis............................................................................................................8
1.6.2 Integrated Analysis...........................................................................................................12
1.7 Recommendations................................................................................................................15
1.8 Execution Process................................................................................................................16
1.9 Summary..............................................................................................................................17
2. Problem/Issue Statement...........................................................................................................17
2.1- Outline of the problem.......................................................................................................17
2.2 LITERATURE REVIEW........................................................................................................18
2.2.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................18
2.2.2 Recommendations from the literature review finding......................................................28

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3.0 REFLECTION.........................................................................................................................33
5.0 References................................................................................................................................41

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1. Executive summary
The maritime college is undergoing difficulties in completing ICT integrated project. The
assessed difficulties arise from their daily operations. The stakeholders are quite busy to create
time for the integration of ICT into the system. The paper therefore identifies the external and
internal factors that lead to such a menace. The barriers have been since created a critical
thinking, that has led into critical findings, recommendations and conclusion that if implemented
will lead to the profitability and increase of market value for the institution. The organization
profile explains how the institution is one of the best in the country. It also explains the need to
have ICT integrated due to the status of the school. The profile further explains what the college
offers in terms of faculty, proper practical training and values to the individual persons that pass
through the college. The profile further explains the value that the college adds to the economy
of the country. The structure shows how leadership roles of the institution are distributed from
the top most to the student. In brief it explains the value that each leadership position play in the
college. It explains their roles in helping to find a resolution towards the challenged faced by the
institution. This constitutes an in depth look into the problem. Factors that lead to its occurrence
are noted. The solution that could best found for the problem. Any ways that the problem could
be avoided. The possible models of handling the solution are also highlighted but not discussed
ineptly. Consists of the possible marketing strategies that show the effect of the college not
investing in the ICT integrated projects. The marketing also the various ways that the college use
to sell itself to the global market. It also explains how the college participates in charity activities
that help market the institution. Problem analysis entails a problem statement. The paper will
seek to answer the questions on the paper. The paper is to provide findings and recommendations
based on this problem. For the case the problem is; how to support ICT integrated projects in

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terms of financing and budgeting. The literature review provides an outline of previous journals
on how stakeholder from other colleges handled the same issue. The literature review also has
findings and recommendations based on each article. This forms a crucial part of the project as it
defines the action that will be taken by the organizational stakeholders in trying to solve the
problem. It forms the larger part of the project so that it is the basis of the actions that will be
taken in a way to solve the problem. The recommendation part of literature review is based on
the articles and the various perspective they take in implementing the two approaches proposed.
The tool for approach section explains the two approaches that were used in solving the
stalemate. The tool looks at both pestle analysis and McKinsey 7s framework. Determines the
advantage of using both, the disadvantages and the cost it takes to implement both. A functional
analysis is also given on how each approach will be used in the case of the maritime college.
This has helped determine suitability of each of the approaches. The recommendation section
contains the proposed way forward. It is based on the overall findings of both the literature
review and the suitability of the approaches chosen. It also gives reasons for the stakeholders
invest in the ICT integrated program. The reflection is used in identifying how the project has
created a change of mindset of the stakeholders. It gives the change of attitude that is expected
after going through the recommendations. This also helps in identifying the possible outcomes
when the company is related to other colleges as recovered from the literature review.

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1.0 Introduction
International Maritime College is a tertiary institution established in the year ,2005 24th April
owned by the government of Oman and STC group from Rotterdam in Netherlands and it offers
courses in maritime studies, logistics and process engineering. This college located in Oman is
faced with several challenges the major one being difficulties in handling Information
Technology (IT) due to overworking and poor or lack of motivation (Bryson 2018). I am going
to discuss different approaches to resolving this problem integrating my resolution on the
theories and techniques gotten from my class in creation of informed and appropriate solution.
This college was rated position thirty-five out of the fourth one universities in Oman according
to UniRank 2018 statistics in terms of academics (Chenhall, Hall and Smith 2016).
1.1 Aim of the report
As discussed earlier in the proposal, Maritime College is faced with various challenges in
their daily operation. One of the key issues being identified is the difficulty with handling the
Information Technology projects (Clark 2014). This is due to the reason that, stakeholders and
the labor force responsible for management of the IT projects are being stacked with various
never-ending list of matters such as jobs scheduling, organizing meeting and allocation of
budgets. Because of this it is difficult for them to generate innovative thinking in the process
rather than just going with the existing system (Coleridge 2017). Hence, it is important to
identity the various external and internal factors that should be effectively managed to overcome
the identified barriers since creative thinking occurs generally in rational and conscious frame of

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mind (Rothenberg,1990) because information technology influences the profitability and market
value of a firm in a country (Mithas & Rust, 2016).
1.2 Organization profile
International Maritime College in Oman is one of the leading and very prominent
educational institutes in the country. This college offers both bachelor and diploma degree to
their students (Coleridge 2017). The courses being offered by them are the maritime logistics and
process. The mission statement of the institute states that, they will provide high and top-quality
education related to the maritime and logistics industries along with providing proper practical
training to enhance the economy of the country (Imco.edu.om 2017). Their vision statement
states that, they aim to be the leader in their operating sector by providing the quality education
to their student and according to the need of the industry and fully equipped to deal with the
challenge in the industry. Moreover, their target is to provide skilled and trained man power to
the ever-increasing industry of maritime and logistics. They are operating in educational sector,
which is highly competitive in Oman (Deering and Lang 2017). This is due to the reason that,
educational sector of Oman is having good number of established players in the market along
with number of global institutes (Dehler and Welsh 2017). Their core institutional values are
professionalism, transparency, accountability, to be an exemplary ethically responsible
institution, provision of equal opportunity and promoting team spirit.

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1.3 Organizational structure
HE Dr. Abdullah Mohammed Al
Sarmi
(Chairman)
Mr. Hamed Jaber Al-Mahrooqi
(Vice Chairman)Mr. Frits Gronsveld
(Director)
Mr. Mustafa Ali
Suleiman
(Director)
Mr. Albert Bos
(Director)
Dr. Rashid
Mohammed Al
Kiyumi
(Director)
Eng. Said bin
Naser Al Saadi
(Director)
Eng. Harib
Abdullah Al Kitani
(Non-Executive
Director)
Dr. Abdul Karim
Sultan Al
Mughairi
(Non-Executive
Director)

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International Maritime College in Oman constitutes a board of directors led by Mr.
Mehdi Ferries and a board of trustees that advices the board of Directors regarding advancement
of the college operation, and development of the study (Desai, Desai and Ojode 2015). It then
constitutes of the management team which has the structure showed above.
1.4 Organizational strategy
Currently, Maritime College is initiating various activities to attract international students
which include changing of the curriculum by a process of continuous review and updating,
provision of non-constructive and quality services. All this is done to, attract international
students will help them to enhance their brand value in the global market. Moreover, it will
reduce their dependency from the Omani students only (McDonald and Thorpe 2016). Their
organizational strategy is to attract new students by providing quality service to their existing
students (Easterby-Smith and Cunliffe 2017). This will help them to enhance the positive word
of mouth among the existing students, which will eventually enhance the valuation of the
organization in the market. They also strive to ensure that each year their intake is increased by
three percent (Dixon 2014).
1.5 Analytical tool for approach
It is also known as formal analysis is the use of tools to break down a question into elements that
are required in solving it, I am going to use the following tools McKinsey’s 7S Framework,
Fishbone diagram and PESTLE analysis as indicated below:
McKinsey’s 7S Framework
The McKinsey’s 7S Framework which is a management model which will help in
improving the performance of the organization and evaluate the effects that will likely affect the

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changes that will take place within the company in the future considering how strategy, structure,
systems, staff, style and skills in how they work together in achieving super ordinated goals in an
organization. Furthermore, it will also help the departments to be aligned so that the processes
can be carried out if the company merges with other firms. The framework will also guide them
in implementing the best strategies so that it can help the organization to succeed in its endeavors
(Singh 2013).
The framework consists of the hard elements that are strategy, structure and systems and
the soft elements are inclusive of the shared values, skills, style and staff. The hard elements help
in influencing the organization by identifying the strategies that needs to be taken up by the
management (Awino, Njeru and Adwet 2017). These strategies will help in aligning the IT
systems with that of the organizational charts and the processes that are formal in nature. The
soft elements are less tangible in nature and are likely to be influenced more by the culture that is
existing within the organization. The mixture of the hard and the soft elements will help the
organization to be successful in its management (Alshaher 2013).
The first element of the framework consists of strategy, which helps in devising the plans
so that it can help in gaining competitive advantage over the rival companies that are present
within the sector. The marine college will have to take up better strategies so that they can
overcome their rivals and stand out in the market (Dixon 2014).
The second element consists of the structure where the marine college will have to follow
a structure where the job responsibilities of the individuals will be explained to them so that the
communications within the organization can be effective. The third element consists of systems
where the members must be engaged in the daily activities so that the process of job can be done
in a systematic manner (Shiri, Anvari and Soltani 2014).

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The fourth element consists of the shared values where the core values should be abided
by the employees within the organization so that the culture of the organization can be fixed
according to the ethics that is being followed within the marine college (Singh 2013). The fifth
element consists of the style where the marine college must adopt the transformational
leadership, where the leaders can consider the feedback from the employees and make the
changes accordingly so that the work place can be friendly (Alshaher 2013). The sixth element is
the staff where the employees must be provided with better training facilities so that the
improvements of the employees can be monitored on a constant manner. This will help the
company in understanding the problems that are present within the work culture and eliminate
them in a systematic way (Dixon 2014).
The last element of the framework is the skills that need to be present among the
employees so that it can help in monitoring the work that is being carried out within the
organization. The inefficient employees need to be provided with better training programs by
bringing in the experts so that it can help them in improving their work (Awino, Njeru and
Adwet 2017).
The use of this model will help in analyzing the present situation of the marine college so
that the changes that will be implemented will help in making the future of the organization
better. It will also help in the identification of the gaps so that the inconsistencies can be
eliminated and the elements will help in adjusting the position of the employees within the
organization.
Fishbone diagram
This framework which is used as a tool for visually dividing the cause to identify
potential root cause will help in categorizing the problems and the issues that is being faced by

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the organization. It will help the organization in analyzing the root causes so that it can be
eliminated from the beginning. It includes four essential steps where the bones help in creating
an impact on the causes where the larger bones signify a bigger impact and the smaller ones
show a lesser impact on the organization. The head of the fish indicates the topic, which will be
analyzed (Phillips and Simmonds 2013).
The marine college is facing the issues related to mishandling of the Information
Technology projects along with the level of efficiency that is decreasing within the employees.
They are also facing issues with the style of leadership, which is creating a significant impact on
the organization (Desai, Desai and Ojode 2015). This has resulted in the lack of performance
among the faculty members and the decrease in the skills as well. It will help in increasing the
level of efficiency of the employees by implementing better strategies so that it can help in
proper teamwork and uplift the skills of the faculty members (Vassilakis and Besseris 2016).
Fishbone Diagram of marine college
(Source: Created by Author)
Efficiency
Performance
Skills
Leadership
Teamwork
Motivation
Success

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1.6 Problem Analysis
1.6.1 Functional Analysis
The above study reflects on the considerable issues with the handling of Information
Technology projects that create some recognizable obstacles in scheduling regular meeting,
allocating the adequate budget, and managing the internal teams at Marine College. The
competition level has been increasing in keeping pace with the enormous advancements in the
educational system. It has been observed that the never-ending demands in the educational field
are the reasons for improper balance created in managing the systematic functionalities. The
involvement of the skilled project manager is essential to develop the different educational
setting that would help in mitigating the emerging issues. In this section, the functional process
in operation management would be analyzed in terms of identifying the solution to these
situational aspects.
 People
The major issues are identified in handling the IT projects due to the advanced methods
emerged in the educational system. The previous analytical tool specified that the involvement of
the IT experts is necessary to mitigate the issues with the project specifications. If necessary, the
associated management team can even develop a structured classroom training session for the
students involved with the IT projects. Marine college is associated with the management team
that looks after the internal projects necessary for the betterment of educational process. If the
management develops the systematic review for the performance monitoring process, it would be
beneficial in understanding the underlying drawbacks and area of improvement (Mir and
Pinnington 2014). Establishing a discussion session, a training classroom, and monitoring

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process would help the leader to communicate with the associated members in a frequent way.
This frequency is much fruitful in recognizing the gaps and improving the performance
parameter as well. The involvement of the experts’ creative thoughts would ensure the
innovations for the value proposition in future.
 Marketing
The development of the classroom training for the betterment of the Information Technology
projects is one of the major areas of concern for the marketing team. It is important to address
the marketing dimension before executing the strategies within the project scenario. First, the
marketing team needs to concentrate on the actionable strategies that would turn out to be the
most beneficial for the students in terms of learning the Information Technology projects (Hicks
2013). Second, it is necessary to align the human resource team, experts, and the project
management team before implementing the training session and monitoring process. Third, the
appropriate measure is necessary to develop through utilizing the information based metric that
quantifies the progress of the internal process. Fourth, the business leaders are required being
more efficient in making appropriate decisions by judging the past actions. Enabling
technologies is one of the most beneficial aspects of accelerating and empowering the marketing
program (Zeng, Phan and Matsui 2015). The training room should include the necessary
equipment and instruments for IT project learning. The digital technologies and adequate
software support would be required for the completion of this project.
International Maritime college markets itself mainly by use of media, this particularly
includes; the internet, the school’s media program and media houses in the country. By clips that
show the activity that are offered by the university they can advertise themselves, more over this
college has research and publication center that produces papers and books for publication and

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this has been a way of marketing. The school media also produces a newsletter which highlights
the activities and main event in the school which is also given to an outsider thereby advertising
the school.
 Operations Management
The senior procurement professionals are associated with this project of developing IT
learning within Marine College. This strategic procurement helps in structuring the supply chain
process for the betterment of the procurement competence. The development of the Information
Technology solutions helps the managers to formulate the right strategic direction and managing
the stakeholders. This involvement of the target stakeholders is essential for improving supply
chain strategies, relationship marketing, procurement functions, and financial budgeting
(Agogué, Yström and Le Masson 2013). The operational functions should look forward to
establishing a systematic review process through which the reports of the IT technicalities would
be measured. The continuous improvement and the maintenance of TQM (Total Quality
Management) would be fruitful for the business to accomplish the project objectives.
 Project Management
The change management within the college is one of the most important areas of concerns to the
project members. The development of the theoretical model would be quite helpful in such
regards. The use of the hard and soft approaches for change management is one of the
effective theoretical tools that would help in understanding the basic requirements for changes.
1) Hard Approaches: The hard approaches for change management are based on four
key factors. First is the duration of the project of change program. The project manager must

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decide that the project needs to be completed within a stipulated time frame as agreed upon
between the project manager and the institution. Secondly there is integrity that depicts the
extent to which the college authority can rely on the associated project team and supervisors this
is the trust or nobility given to the project manager, the third is commitment, which is the
responsibility of the leaders (Too and Weaver 2014). The leaders of the group need to direct the
team with proper motivation and integrity, which would ensure the expected outcome, based on
the project specifications. Commitment is key because it also relates to duration and integrity if
the people in charge of project are committed they will finish their project at the correct time and
the project will be authentic, lastly there is effort, which plays the most effective role in a change
management process. If the associated members can provide their adequate support and efforts, it
would be a success in accomplishing the goals within the mentioned time-frame, effort is not
only expected from the project managers but also from the members in the organization towards
participation where they are required to participate.
2) Soft Approaches: Soft approaches are also part of approaches for change management
and in the change management system are essential to complete a project. Firstly, the involved
leaders need to identify the main group of stakeholders who would experience change at the
initial stage. The IT students are the major concerned people who would experience the better
version of the IT projects after the training session. The associated experts are also involved in
this stakeholder group. Their perceptive values are essential for the project management
activities (Westfall 2014). Secondly, the leaders of each group require identifying the key
influencer for facilitating the changes. Thirdly, it is necessary to assess the receptiveness of the
influencers to the changed planned previously. Fourth, it is essential to mobilize the promoters
and the sponsors to derive supports for this change management process. Finally, the soft

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approach depends on the engagement of both positive and negative skeptics in the
implementation of the project (Berman 2014).
1.6.2 Integrated Analysis
In the integrated analysis process, the business markets of Marine College need to
consider the financial aspects and the strategic evaluation for bringing changes to the situation.
Implementing changes within the college require proper budgeting and allocation of the adequate
financial resources (Berman, 2015). These aspects are stated further below:
 Financial Aspect
` The capital resource is one of the major aspects for developing any educational program.
To mitigate the issues with the complex IT tasks, the management team of Marine College has
decided to develop the training program with the involvement of the IT experts (Blomqvist,
Halén and Helenius 2015). The following budget allocation would be appropriate for developing
this training program based on IT project development.
Required aspects Budget (Approximately)
1. Classroom/Training Room $20,000 (Assumed)
2. Associated trainers/experts $15,000 (Assumed)
3. Computers and software $25,000 (Assumed)
4. Electricity and technologies $20,000 (Assumed)
5. Physical Equipment $25,000 (Assumed)
6. Projectors/Giant Screen $15,000 (Assumed)
7. Others $30,000 (Assumed)
Total $1,40,000 (Assumed)

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Table 1: Budget
(Source: Created by the Author)
The above table specifies the necessary budget that are required for a training purposes
and for acquiring of necessary equipment’s of information technology within a college. Dealing
with the IT project needs more preparation and coting nous improvements (Berman 2014).
Therefore, the budget would be structured based on the specific requirements for the classroom
learning. Most of the capital is invested on arranging the physical equipment and on using
software and computers.
 PESTLE Analysis
This is an analytical tool that is used in business planning to understand the external factors
that affect the business operation derived from the acronym PESTLE which is political(P),
economic(E), social(S), technological(T), legal(L) and environmental factors (E) (Newton,
2014)
The PESTLE analysis of Oman would provide the knowledge about the external influence
that may create impact on the project development. Below is the PESTLE analysis:
PESTLE
Political  Political monarchy is followed.
 Favorable for business
 Supports received from the government
Economical  US currency utilized for the value sharing

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 Continuous increasing GDP rate favorable for the thigh profits
in business
 Industry based income is almost 65.1%, which is quite
beneficial for the future of educational field (Agogué, Yström
and Le Masson 2013).
Socio-cultural  The cultural progress in the country is adopting the
technological changes
 People are inspired to pursue their higher education in different
field in different institution
 Traditional influence is sometimes creating major obstacles for
the women education
Technological  Acceptability of the highly advanced technologies is foreseen in
the country.
 Equipment’s availability in the region
 High prospects of educational progress
 Adopting innovation is another most significant aspects visible
among the business marketers
Legal  Strict legal rules are sometimes becoming difficult to the
educational administrators to implement any program.
 The legal norms and rules are instructed by the Ministry of
Education
Environmental  The professional experts may sometimes face difficulties in
gathering the supports from the students from distant or remote

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areas.
 The development of the highly advanced technologies is fruitful
for developing enriched environmental culture among the
students.
1.7 Recommendations
• It is being recommended that the human resources being associated in this department of
Information Technology, should be given effect, relevant and proper training. This will help the
employees to enable them to adapt to the change in the requirement in the business (Ball 2017).
Moreover, the more training they will be given, the more will be their effectiveness to deal with
the organizational challenges and it will help to improve their skills.
• It can also be recommended that the management should encourage and create opportunities
for staff to develop in terms of skills and behavior, this will help the organization to have
updated and competent professionals.
• It is also being recommended that job division should be initiated in the organization to
allocate the right people for the right job (Baldwin 2016). This is due to the reason that, it was
identified that employees in the IT department are having multiple and diverse job roles to
accomplish, which is creating barriers for them. Thus, initiation of the job division will help to
divide the assigned job among the employees and they will be assigned to a specific role. This
will help them to concentrate on a single profile rather than doing all the stuff (Alvesson, 1996).
• Another recommendation will be the initiation of new and updated technologies. This is
important due to the reason that updated technologies will help the employees to deal with the

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organizational challenges. They will be able to accomplish multiple roles effectively with the
help of the new and updated technologies (Awino, Njeru and Adwet 2017).
• Another recommendation is the introduction of a new branch of management to deal with IT
issues in the organization so that there is a department to budget and maintain information
technology in the organization (Baldwin 2016).
1.8 Execution Process
The above-discussed recommendations should be implemented on step by step basis at
specific set time limits. This is due to the reason that, it is expected that recommended steps will
help to overcome the barriers but they are not proven and their outcome can either be positive or
negative or it may need further development (Alshaher 2013). Thus, it will be more suitable if
the recommendations can be implemented in a specific area first to determine the effectiveness.
Then after sometimes if it is determined that it functions successfully then the next phase is
introduced Successful execution will help to imitate it in other areas. On the other hand, any
failure will lead to data terminals of another solution or it can also help modify the existing
system and introduce more effective process (Agogwe, Yström and Le Masson 2013).
In the evaluation process, key performance indicators will be identified such as process time,
process effectiveness and employee performance, staff satisfaction and its suitability in meeting
all three required goals and student need will be determined sustainability and most importantly
the sustainability of the process in terms of the budget (Abela 2015). Evaluation of these key
performance indicators will help to adhere to the determined objectives and any deviation from
this will be an indicator of poor management or failure hence it will alert for further
improvement (Ahmad, White, Hiller, Amini and Jeffe, 2017). Determinations of the employee

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feedback will also important due to the reason that the feedback from the employees will be
helpful to understand the effectiveness of the recommended suggestions.
1.9 Summary
In conclusion, the position of Maritime College in Oman in terms of university ranking as
per 2018 could be changed when some of the problems mentioned are going to be resolved, this
problem of Information Technology in Maritime College can be attached to various reasons such
as lack of motivation, poor allocation of jobs to staff and lack of adequate and competent skills.
My research framework was key in locating several literatures
In handling information technology and denial of opportunity to develop in terms of
skills. After evaluation using key technique and skills learnt from this course in solving this
issues the following should be done; firstly, training the individuals in the information
technology department and allowing individuals to engage in developmental studies which will
enable them to cope up with technological change and to practice effectively, the management
should clearly allocate each member their responsibility in order to allocate everyone
responsibilities according to their capabilities also, lastly there is need for improving the
technology used in the organization.
2. Problem/Issue Statement
2.1- Outline of the problem
The marine college is facing serious issues, since the people within the organization are
facing difficulty in handling the projects that are related to Information Technology (IT). This
problem is mainly since they do not have the knowledge of conducting the meetings in a proper

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manner and allocating the budget in a systematic way (Hermason, Edwards and Maher 2016).
The organization needs to have a proper team so that they can constantly manage the changes
that are anticipated soon or the organization (Freeman, Shoulders, McSwain and Scott 2017).
The company will succeed if they can handle the communications, risks and human resources in
a proper way where the employees will be identified the duties and responsibilities that they
must carry within the organization. The college also should ensure development opportunities
are availed for the staff (ERM Iniative Faculty 2012). The never-ending demands of the faculty
members regarding the advancement in the educational process are the reasons behind such
improper budget allocation, systematic review and managing the people (Gorli, Childerstone,
Sher and Nicolini 2017). The college should provide a positive and healthy working environment
(Fleischmann and Ward 2014).
2.2 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.2.1 Introduction
The initiated research projected a search for the reason behind the difficult use of IT. On
how it can be improvised to use the correct features into merging to one complete functional
organization and feature (Hicks 2013.). The journals that exploited the same ideas on planning,
budgeting that is IT-induced and how it helped a different organization that was used and
successfully solved the stalemate of the things currently facing the maritime college as an
institution that is seeking to grow miles into the future (Karamti 2016). The college had difficulty
in conducting ICT projects, some journals exploit the importance of investing in ICT projects.
The Ertmer and Ottenbreit (2013) exploits that the use of digital resource offers new
learning opportunities in the college setting, these adverse into classroom practice, approaches

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for personalizing student experience and additionally are requirements for student practitioners
to expose the college students to wide and vast resources that can be used for learning in the
college (Lindell, Campione‐Barr and Killoren 2015). The ICT adoption for the project should,
therefore, be used as stepping stone for the university rather than not budget for it. (Derojat 2016;
Duchy et al 2014) explains that most curricula are now found online with the help of ICT this
shows how the project of ICT cam yield fruits when they are budgeted and planned for. This
makes then a student in the college exposed to the article early enough so that they can conduct
reviews even before the actual course progress (McDonald and Thorpe 2016). This makes it
easier for the college students to access such items online. The access to such items online
emphasizes the need to budget and focus on the importance of integrating IT into the college
system.
According to Sulisworo (2018), maximizing the mobile learning interaction improves the
project-based learning activities. The current generation prefers the use of non-technology into
solving several of their problems including, the use of technology in attending lectures and the
use of technology in doing research and project work (Miles 2017). It therefore goes that
investment in IT projects that will bridge this gap is essential and a demand. The organization
should, therefore, finance, budget and plan more for the integration of the ICT into the college
institution (McMullen, Ickes, Noland and Helme 2017).
According to (Marchington and Wilkinson 2014) human resource management defines
between the successful and unsuccessful institutions. They argue that human power is important
that both technology and finance of the institution. They look towards achieving competitive
advantage. This applies to the college where meeting attendance cannot be scheduled so that
proper budgeting and financing is done to favor IT integrated projects. In the paper, the two

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examine how the human resource has emerged as a cornerstone strategy that has had many
positive correlations with performance in the workforce. This creates flexibility and innovation.
There is a link between the strategic goals of an organization (Mogelgaard and Patterson 2018).
In this case, the college is seeking to integrate IT but facing human challenges like lack of
quorum to budget and finance for the projects (Mir and Pinnington 2014). According to the paper
by the two, the developing and planning of the HR policies should a tie every personality of the
institution to the strategic goals, so that it ties them to it (Mithas and Rust 2016). This will help
achieve the strategic goals, in this case, the integration of IT into important projects of the
institution (Mordino, Gigliotti, Ruben and Tromp 2016).
The paper further says that innovation, a process by which an idea is translated into a
service which people will see and enjoy. Will only be achieved if the deliberate information is
managed properly (Ong, Ashford and Bindl 2015). This information can only be viewed through
the process of the student satisfaction in the college. Keeping in mind that their satisfaction leads
to the success of the institution and other people involved in the college (Newton, 2014).
Therefore, the stakeholders through human management resource devise ways in which they
satisfy the college by attending meetings that budget for, plan for and finance the ICT integrated
projects.
The paper further continues to acknowledge the need to develop the culture of accepting
change amongst the stakeholders of the institution (OracleNetSuite. 2015.). The stakeholders, in
this case, are the ones supposed to budget and plan for IT project integration into the projects that
they needed to. Therefore, by accepting new ICT projects, they will endorse it and use it in the
process of getting the college into better places (Phillips and Simmonds 2013).

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The paper further insists on an institution, keeping to the latest innovations to compete
favorably with other colleges. If the system is not IT project enabled, being that this is the latest
trend in college institutions (Popesko and Socova 2016). Most of the students will be very
difficult to attract unless the institution thinks of integrating the IT projects without failure, then
it would be easier to compete and even attract international category students. This will also lead
to the improvement of the college’s capacity and enhances a bright future. This literature,
therefore, focuses and stresses on the use of HRM practices and policies to improve the college
and enhancing level of innovation (Rathi, Given and Forcier 2016).
According to Delaney and Huselid 2016 paper on human motivation, HRM strategies and
policies affect the organizational performances through their impact on employee’s ability, skills,
and motivation. The illustrate further to say, training of stakeholders, compensations and other in
training allowances will eventually affect the performance of such employees. The HR should be
planning for such avenues so that the worker ability of the employee is improved. In the case of
the college according to this paper then there need to exist improvement in the organization of
HR strategies and the employee performance so that the relationship is complimentary.
(Barney and Wright 2014) argue that well-trained staff of an institution and the
workforce of the institution is instrumental in moving the institution forward. Many will
maintain the notion that organizations are as good as their staff is. The term that a good
employee is an asset to the institution is commonly used (Redburn and Posner 2015). The
literature in this part stresses about the college having either very un-careful staff or undedicated
to their work such that the setup projects can receive financial constraints (Redmond 2017).
These reflect on the kind of staff the college have and questions their competitive worthiness.
Are they worth enough for the college? Do they reflect what the college stands for? Are they

Integrity Management Project 26
aware of the best strategy to come out of the challenge? Do they really know the trends in such
competing colleges? These are some of the qualities of such individual that the literature seeks us
to find, in trying to solve the stalemate of the college at the moment (Richards 2016).
According to the book by MacDuffie (2015), there is a relationship between, the
independent and the dependent variables. This variable should balance in a strategist approach so
that the desired results are produced (Rothenberg, 1990). The closer the variables balance on the
strategies approach, the higher the performance gain. The college should therefore according to
this literature balance the dependent variables to the dependent variables (Shiri, Anvari and
Soltani 2014). The dependent variables include the IT projects that seek to be implemented using
the available plans and finance. The independent variables are the gains gotten from the college
using the ICT integrated projects. Therefore, according to this literature, the college should
balance the independent and the dependent variable (Schön 2015).
Wallach (2013) identifies corporate cultures within an institution that should guide in
informing the pillars of the institution when faced with any dilemmas in terms of finances or any
other difficult decision. The challenge being faced by an institution can be tackled with the
guidance of the culture of the institution. The college has a unique cultural identity that standout
from the rest of the college (Singh 2013). This literature, therefore, gives a clue of considering
the college’s culture in trying to find answers to the questions we are seeking to answer. The
culture of the college can it be changed so that it fits the integration of IT project. If it doesn’t
change, why then don’t we use the normal culture to solve the stalemate (Streissguth 2015).
The 2018 business journal by Chron emphasizes the need for communication in an
institution, for instance, a college. He stresses that this brings the element of integration and
coordination in very important sectors. The college is seemingly lacking a proper communication

Integrity Management Project 27
system through the leadership. These are some ways that the literature seeks to dismantle the
element of lack of communication (Too and Weaver 2014). An institution that lacks the ability to
coordinate and integrate plans act like a body without a head. As though as each of them would
be working hard the communication that leads to coordination is important in the following
ways;
Coordination according to Aaron Marquis writer of the literature begins from the
executives to the lowest levels (Tucker 2017). In this case the college students. A new strategy,
for instance, the integration of IT into projects should be communicated to all the stakeholders
until the student’s body. This brings about the coordination with the decision makers of the
institution (Vassilakis and Besseris 2016). Coordination and leadership can be used as a way of
solving the college’s crisis. The journal further acknowledges that the failure of implementation
can be due to two leader managers not being on the same page together (Vilaseca-Requena,
Torrent-Sellens and Jiménez-Zarco 2007). The college, therefore, cannot answer budgeting and
financing problems due to lack of communication that interferes with coordination. There should
be communication in the college’s leadership unit so that everyone knows the role they need to
take towards a particular directive. If not, the others may disregard leaders in the institution and
begin to rely on their own approaches (Westfall 2014).
The journal continues to recognize the importance of communication by being the main
way of engaging partners that want to achieve a certain common goal. In the college, there could
be a company willing to give funds or even donate IT smart products to the college. The proper
way to get such partners is through communication and coordination. If they lack the two, it is
very likely that they might struggle to finance the ICT related project as is the case in the college.

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It is very likely therefore that lack of integration and coordination exist within the
leadership of the college thus they have a problem in managing their financial health terms. This
can be seen as they take longer to complete a task that they should have completed. There is a
lapse in staff due to lack of communication (Xiao 2016).
OracleNetSuite. (2015) journal on use of smart products to manage complex planning
and budgeting. The college could be having a lot of students making it difficult to balance the
orders so that at long last we have a financed balanced institution that has finances for the ICT
integration project. The best way to solve this problem of numbers is still by the use software.
The company can develop a software that does the accounting for the company. This software is
even better since it enhances accuracy and it’s not overwhelmed by numbers. The journal further
proves this by showing that topline institutions use such management systems for resolving their
customer issues. In this case, the student and staff if the college (Xiao 2016). The journal further
explains the advantages of using software to resolve such an issue as. Automating the many key
processes encountered in a daily operation mode saves on, new hires that would otherwise
require the management skill of a new process. Human skills can now be deployed to higher
order skill activity that might not be handled by a machine. This innovation will lead to the
higher achievement of the college’s purpose compared to others if they endorse the software to
manage the accounting books for them (Xiao 2016).
The software also improves the visibility of making a real-time decision according to the
same literature. The information about finance and budgeting can be assessed instantly from
anywhere. This makes it easier for the stakeholders to decide whether to invest in the integration
project without thinking about a lot. Faster decisions and more accurate data available in real
time are able to make the difference in decision making in terms of a project and monitoring.

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Significant saving in terms of finances can be realized from the use of the software. As
they are not very costly but bring real-time result and efficiency. There is a significant reduction
in operation cost while increased production in savings of the college. Through saving, finances
can be found to carry out ICT integration projects (Zeng 2018).
The journal goes further to assure that the use of IT software, accelerates the growth of
the institution as it can now accommodate increased populations, therefore, it doesn’t regulate on
numbers, this will lead to the growth of the college (Zeng, Phan and Matsui 2015).
Lastly, the journal exploits that the use of software in managing such data can be
beneficial to the sense that it brings out the user innovation. The stakeholders using the software
can further develop complex processes and even plan and budget for the system. All they have to
worry about is getting the software installed in the college.
The use of ICT in the marketing of a college may create the necessary solution to the
stalemate facing the college (Phillips and Simmonds 2013).
Vilaseca-Requena, Torrent-Sellens and Jiménez-Zarco (2007) provide the best literature
on how college institution can market their systems in such a way that it provides revenue to the
college so that they can use it in generating revenues for use in finances developing of ICT
integration project. Saren (2012) recognizes that the most appropriate media to get close to the
information about the surrounding of the environment and creating knowledge about it is through
the use of marketing (Zietlow, Hankin, Seidner and O'Brien 2018). Marketing makes the
institution gain a quality assurance of the relevant information which is up to date that
determines the streamline of the institution in terms of the strategies employed by other similar
colleges in attaining the same (Popesko and Socova 2016).

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The guarantee of relevant information, however, does not mean, guarantee on functional
strategies to tackle those relevant marketing strategies. This demands the college stakeholders
take part in the analysis of marketing and develop proper strategies that will step up the
organization into a proper organization that sells its policies to the global market (Nonaka).
(Sorensen and Land Smith 2014) also encouraged the fact that marketing exposes the institution
to access and a vast array of global information resources. These resources facilitate the
gathering of valuable competitive knowledge that simplifies the decision process for the
stakeholders. The stakeholder will now the information they have to, make a decision that will
favor the college in terms of competing for a global space (Rathi, Given and Forcier 2016). The
reach of global space then assures the college of getting access to international students.
O’Malley and Tynan 2012 developed literature that demands commitment from all the
parties involved in the development of the institution and organization. They suggest that
commitment in an institution like the college creates trust between the stakeholders. A trust
created will lead to easy communication (Rathi, Given and Forcier 2016). The communication
has several advantages to the college as learned earlier in the sense of growing the college to
greater heights.
Following the challenges in budgeting, the project also considered literature that helps in
budgeting.
Streissguth (2015) defines the ways in which budgeting and planning can be done in
such a way that they don’t interfere with the plans and program of the institution but enhance
their progress. The budget should be done in full knowledge of the institution's full knowledge of
their goals, objectives, and priorities. In this case, the integration of ICT in the protected areas is
the most prioritized situation but fails due to the budget. The college should then prepare an

Integrity Management Project 31
outline of future activities and determine the one that is most important. They then should
determine and record available funds. Estimate and record expected income and when it will be
available. Define and recorded needed expenses. Review, revise and assemble a final budget.
Have stakeholders meet and prove the final budget. The budget is supposed to be made such that
it fits the financial capacity of the college (Redburn and Posner 2015).
The Bryson (2018) prefers that the best way to deal with such organizations is to use the
committee task force type of budgeting. The college instead of using the usual stakeholders
instead should form a committee to help in planning and budgeting so that IT projects are
integrated into the system. The task committee can work over a period of time that the project is
supposed to take (Redmond 2017).
The college should develop a timeline to achieve the set project. During the set of the
timelines, objectives are created within shorter periods. The shorter periods are supposed to help
gear towards the main objectives. If the organization form a strategic plan then it even becomes
easier since the short-term objectives are derived from each of the sub-plans of the strategy. This
will impact on the college plan to have ICT integrated project (Rothenberg 1990).
Estimate the expected dates and plans of the revenue generated in relation to working out
the project. During when making attempts to work on the project, the estimated dates should be
used in comparing the expected and estimated dates (Richards 2016). If the achieved goals are
within the timeline, then the project will be considered as making very good progress. If the
times and deadlines are estimated to be above and beyond the actual dates then there should be a
need for panic if the objectives will really be achieved.

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The resources required to achieve the target should be ready before the committee is set
up. This will help in decision making. The objectives will then be set according to the resources
available (Schön 2015).
Apart from all this, the committee could also help the college in getting grants and help
from the government. The committee can help the institution in complying with the grants
institution so that it is easier for the grant donors to give funds and finances to the college. The
committee having the knowledge of the cost and expense that the project requires (Shiri, Anvari
and Soltani 2014). They should plan for program plans, fundraising expectations, development
activities, grant sources and local and state laws. If the committee will organize and find accurate
answers to this planning then the people will get accurate results regarding finances that the
project requires (Singh 2013).
2.2.2 Recommendations from the literature review finding
The research proposes the following recommendations based on the findings from the
literature review.
As seen, it is advisable to prepare a budget. The budget is very important according to the
journals. It will help determine the assets of the organizations so that, the organization plan will
be in line with the financial assets that they have. Very high budgets that do not match the assets
can be very difficult to afford while simple budgets are easily achieved through the budgets.
(Streissguth 2015).
The maritime college should implement the ERM Initiative Faculty (2012). The faculty
stresses the use of strategic management system. This is a scientific approach to help achieve the
ICT integrated project that should be achieved by the college.

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The institution should follow the strategic management approach to get the right strategy
in achieving the projects that are ICT based. The journal then gives the following steps that can
be used by the institution.
The institute should use the possibility based approach in making the project happen.
The approach begins with acknowledging that there will be a risk in achieving the desired
projects. It also evaluates the possibilities of believing in the setup strategies. The possibility is
also compared with the project goal. This involves assessing where we want to go in relation to
where we are. Is it possible to achieve what we want?
The organizations should use the following criteria based on a strategic approach to
achieve the project goal;
Desired output – The institute will look at the advantage of the desired project and goal.
The strategies set under this criterion gives the advantage of the new project. For our case, it
involves analyzing the benefits of IT integrated projects within the organization (Too and
Weaver 2014).
The second criteria are the people that will be involved in achieving the goals and the
targeted projects. The college should choose people from all the sectors of the college.
Individuals that are rich in experience and can generate the required humanly input. They should
be at the core of creating and generating ideas for the project (Tucker 2017).
The third criteria are the rules. These criteria focus on the possibilities and not criticize
them. The strategies are not to be compared if they are working or not. They are supposed to be
implemented and analysis will be done at the end of targets. Then is when we shall determine if
the strategy worked (Vassilakis and Besseris 2016). It is recommendable that the college analyze
progress at the end of the project.

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It is recommendable that when creating possibilities there is a question that should be
asked that include; what is true about the institution? This is important in keeping the distinction
of potential risk to potential advantages (Vilaseca-Requena, Torrent-Sellens and Jiménez-Zarco
2007).
The next important thing recommendable in the strategic approach according to the
journal is identifying any barriers to the choice agreed by the strategists. Identifying the barriers
would help the organization asses the available risks and asses the risks in terms of the most
frightening to the least. This will also help in identifying ways of reducing the occurrence of the
barriers. An internal strategy committee can also be formed to help look at the possible ways of
dealing with the barriers. The identified barriers should be ranked to help identify the easier ones
to deal with to the most difficult to deal with.
It is advisable that the college design a test for the barrier condition. The group should
test each barrier against the possibilities of achieving the goals. The barriers can be tested against
each condition. It is proposed that the individuals who identified the risk should lead the way in
testing the risks (Westfall 2014).
It is recommended that the college uses possibility based approach since it provides the
best process of identifying possibilities. Unlike other strategies this strategy, makes the choices
as simple as possible (Vince and Pässilä 2015). There have to be risks even with the best-tested
strategies, this should be in the mind in choosing the plans. Hence the organizations should
compare the risk of strategy with the risk of the status quo.
The Integration of ICT in Organizations Challenges and Best Practice Recommendations
paper by Tusubira and Mulira emphasizes the need for an organization to integrate ICT into its

Integrity Management Project 35
daily programs and institution. The college should consider looking at ICT integration as a
beneficial factor to the college.
It is recommended that increased levels of ICT integration should be endorsed by the
maritime college since it increases efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and competitiveness within the
institution. The tendency is to integrate more corresponding gains than the risks that can be
associated with it (Zeng 2018).
There are recommendations on how to deal with hindrances that will come up in trying
to implement the ICT plans in the college.
The first hindrance identified is the mindset of the people in the institution. The mindset
of its expensive we cannot afford it is commonly used by stakeholders (Xiao 2016). The
stakeholders having such a mindset are too afraid to afford even a simple computer of fewer than
1000 dollars, as they will be looking at it as a wastage expenditure and not an investment. It is
likely for such an institution, for example, the college to invest in something else rather than ICT
due to that poor mentality. For this case it is advisable to organize seminars that will educate the
members on various ICT projects. Have experts from other colleges advise the others from this
college.
Lack of awareness goes along with mindset. The stakeholders being used to the process
so much that they don’t see the need for investing in the ICT programs. They take the common
trends very lightly (Zeng, Phan and Matsui 2015). They prefer using the traditional secretaries
than current technology. This mindset is referred to as “as it was now, and forever more it will
be. It is recommended that to change such a mindset a trial set up should be introduced before a
complete overhaul is done.

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The traditional issue of only allowing a few people to access the information is also
mentioned in the paper as one of the hindrances. There could be junior or middle-level staff in
the college that knows the secrets of implementing ICT but due to the command chain order
(Zietlow, Hankin, Seidner and O'Brien 2018). The employee is never given a chance to access
valid information about the company, therefore the capacity of the decision made on ICT
integration will never receive new blood in terms of professional advice and different
perspective. When the person at the top takes all the decisions other staff only abide by it. The
college should involve everyone in the decision-making process. This will give the college a way
of knowing those who are the best and will include them in the decision-making process.

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3.0 REFLECTION
As a college student while studying several concepts in the MBA course I have always
wanted an opportunity to put into practice all that we have learned in this course, therefore,
carrying out this research aimed towards solving my identified problem in an educational
organization made me be so excited (Phillips and Simmonds 2013).
My problem was based on finding a solution to the IT problems encountered by an
institution (Oracle Net Suite. 2015) namely International Maritime College located in Oman, the
reason why I mostly considered this problem was my love for technology and I wanted to solve
this problem that is affecting the operation of this school.
Before starting my research, my expectation was that this was a very little issue and that
it did not require a lot of research though I did not under look the importance of solving this
problem realist that thigh I thought the problem looked small it required a lot of research since
this one problem had affected almost every area in the organization (Ong, Ashford and Bindl
2015).
To answer this question first I had to do my search in a lot of databases that are about
information technology to have a lot of background information the problems experienced in
information technology and solution to this problem (Newton, 2014).
In my research I found very many articles that were useful in my research examples are Ertmer
and Ottenbreit (2013) Experiential learning as lived experience that exploits the use of digital
resources in offering new learning opportunities in the college setting, I also found papers on
motivation of the employees in an organization (Delaney and Huselid,2016), additionally I found
an articles on the use of ICT in the marketing of a college may create the necessary solution to
the stalemate facing the college (Phillips and Simmonds 2013) and a journal that goes further to

Integrity Management Project 38
assure that the use of IT software to accelerates the growth of the institution as it can now
accommodate increased populations, therefore, it doesn’t regulate on numbers, this will lead to
the growth of the college (Zeng, Phan and Matsui 2015).
In writing these papers which were a research on how to solve the issue experienced in
International Maritime College I used the following analytical tools learned in this course
McKinsey’s 7S Framework and Fish diagram framework. In the analysis, I largely used
PESTLE analysis.
Using the Mc Kinsey’s Framework which is a management tool was helpful and successful
because it enabled me to analyses and learn how to deal with the management situation in
International Maritime college in the areas of strategy, structure, core values and skills which
would help me in improving the performance of the organization (Mordino, Gigliotti Ruben and
Tromp 2016). This framework considered two parts of the framework the hard element strategy
and the soft element strategy. The hard element included structure, strategy, systems, and the soft
elements included shared values, staff, skill, and style.

Integrity Management Project 39
By using the fish diagram which is a framework for showing the cause and effect I could
clearly identify the issues the organization was facing and in categorizing the problem so that the
organization would use this in identifying the solutions to their problems, use of fish diagram
also broke the monotony of using words only and it gave a clear and simplified version of the
sectors to consider when handling the problems in International Maritime college
In performing my analysis, I did a functional analysis which was the analysis of the
operation of several components in the organization, this included people, marketing, operating
management and project management.
Under people I was looking at the labor in the university which included the staff, management
and non-staff workers to determine the role that they played in the problem within the
organization and how they can also play a role in solving the issue of retrogressing information
technology
Under marketing I was looking at how the school advertises itself and it helped me to determine
the role of information technology in the marketing depepartmet which could be very useful in
convincing the school to invest information technology by telling them its benefit in the
marketing of the school.
Under management I was looking into the management strategy of the school and how it affects
the operation of the school in terms of project management and project initiave which could be
very useful when starting a project in the school.

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Under analysis, I also did an integrated analysis which mostly focused on the financial
aspect of an organization that is key to developing any organization. From this I was also able to
come up with a budget that could be used to train the IT personals on the bettered of information
technology in the organization.
The pestle analysis which stand for Political, Economic, Socio-Cultural, Technological,
Legal and Environmental was also key in providing knowledge about the external influence that
would be important in the development of the project, and this analysis I did in the political,
economic, socio-cultural, technological, legal, environmental area.
This framework worked because they were key in solving their purpose and each of them
contributed equally towards ensuring that I might be able to solve my case of Information
Technology in Maritime International College.
During this paper some of the obstacles that I faced were: lack of disclosure on the funds
spent in handling information technology equipment in terms of funding budget, I was not able
to identify price of the budget spent on information technology since it was not disclosed in any
way and lack of face to face interview with the staff of that company.
Another challenge is that to do with an interview where; I was not able to get an
interview whether physical or by video conversation with any of their workers in the
management or governing council of the college since they were busy
Another problem that I faced during research was misleading and irrelevant database to my
quest, though I had a lot of databases at my disposal coming up with the right one meat that I had
to go through the abstract of most of them only to find that there were some with relevant search
to my question but they did not contain the information that I required. I therefore took time to
find the correct resources for my study.

Integrity Management Project 41
I overcame the problems encountered by using online resources for research on the
institution information details since it was difficult to get a conversation with any of them, also
in terms of finance since I was not able to get their budget of finance I did not major on
analyzing it but providing an alternative budget on the training of the personnel
In dealing with the challenge of obtaining the relevant information I had to narrow down my
search criteria by using advanced search options and going thoroughly through the abstract to
find the relevant article for my research I also visited the databases that were related to the area
of my search to limit the range of databases that I had.
In looking at the problem critically to determine if I might only have looked into the issue in on
way therefore reducing the scope of my research, I did not obtain the view of the school staff just
as I mentioned before in order to get their perspective , but from my observation of the staff in
the institution , they were faced with lots of works or responsibility as a as a means that
contributed to the problem of information technology yet there is a possibility that I had looked
at the problem in one way, another view could be that there is no room for improvement due to
poor time management in that the duties allocated are just at the correct level the only problem is
that they the staff do not know how to manage their time well so that they can find time to be
creative and innovative.
With this possibility of viewing the question in one way which is how I analyzed the problem
without regarding other ways or analysis there could not have been a negative impact in my
study because when exploring the question in another perspective that is; what if the problem
was not with Information Technology but due to the poor time manage it still comes back to
problem with management and poor allocation of jobs to members in the organization and also

Integrity Management Project 42
this is a minor issue that does not majorly contribute to the problem of information technology in
the organization.
I realized that the solution of solving the IT problem in the International Maritime College was a
collective responsibility and that each of the members had a role to lay in ensuring that the
organization ran smoothly from the management to staff to students, and all his time there poor
performance could be that they did not understand or comprehend the role that each of them
played in enduring ha the organization was still functioning well with this it would also be good
if they were taken to a seminar in order for them to feel privilege and motivated even as they
encouraged to question their progress with reference to information technology.
Well I believe it could be difficult for me to change my perspective on the problem though I
would regard the idea as one of the minor issues with my perspective being the best and the
major issue furthermore my perspective is based on statistics which cannot be disputed unless
one argues based on scholarly argument with evidence, well I wouldn’t say that my view of the
question would affect me in a negative away in the future because I have been able to identify a
problem and I have provided a solution based on my knowledge acquired in class and research
but it could affect me in future by providing me with necessary skills of identifying and solving a
problem in the organization.
This study has helped me in learning how to apply the skills in my course of MBA in solving
practical issues in an organization especially in the perspective of identifying and dealing with
problems as a manager after critically performing a research into the problem in avoiding
irrational decision hence giving me the experience that I require in handling similar issues in the

Integrity Management Project 43
society. It has enabled me to combine my knowledge from different sources in different ways to
solve practical issues like how I plan to do in my future workplace.
From this study I realized that regardless of how clear the vision and mission of an organization
are or how an organization outlines its values and virtues if it does not consider minute or small
aspects in the organization and their contribution to the profit of the organization it is likely to
suffer a lot of problems since this little issue will affect the whole system and as I look forward
to practicing in the job market I am supposed to identify this issues and deal with them before
they result to extreme cases.
Next time when conducting such a study I will ensure that I make the following changes
daringly studies:
• I will call the management or governing council earlier skiing for an interview opportunity
• I will consult more books and more online articles and books
• I will consult other scholars related to the profession that is being discussed
This study has developed my research skills in relation to business sector since I had to
do a lot of research, it has exposed me to several sources that I carried out while researching the
solution to my problem since a good manager is required to have the ability to interpret imperial
values (Alvesson, 1996)
I have finally concluded by highlighting the execution and evaluation process, where I
have highlighted the need to implement the solutions phase by phase since the outcomes are not
predetermined and if there still may be need for improvement.

Integrity Management Project 44
5.0 References
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in China to the final consumer (including finance planning).
Agogwe, M., Yström, A. and Le Masson, P., 2013. Rethinking the role of intermediaries as an
architect of collective exploration and creation of knowledge in open innovation. International
Journal of Innovation Management, 17(02), p.1350007.
Ahmad, F.A., White, A.J., Hiller, K.M., Amini, R. and Jeffe, D.B., 2017. An assessment of
residents’ and fellows’ personal finance literacy: an unmet medical education need. International
journal of medical education, 8, p.192.
Alshaher, A.A.F., 2013. The McKinsey 7S model framework for e-learning system readiness
assessment. International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Technology, 6(5), p.1948.

Integrity Management Project 45
Alvesson, M. (1996). Leadership studies: From procedure and abstraction to reflexivity and
situation. The Leadership Quarterly, 7(4), 455-485.
Awino, Z.B., Njeru, W.G. and Adwet, K., 2017. Strategy Implementation: Mckinsey’s 7s
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Integrity Management Project 46
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