Intellectual Disabilities Assignment PDF
Added on 2021-06-17
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Running head: INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES1Intellectual Disabilities Student’s NameInstitutional Affiliation
INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES2Intellectual Disabilities Abstract Intellectual disability is a condition that leads to reduced or slowed levels of growth in comparison to the normal growth of normal children. The essay documents the cognitive ability in children and adults with a focus on the delayed development type of intellectual disability. Further, it uses the Piaget’s theory of cognitive development in analyzing the different stages of development that highlight issues and cases of developmental delay. Besides, focus is placed on cognitive abilities such as communication, socialization, learning, understanding and moving. The study changes tune to focus on the support measures accorded to persons with disability to enhance their adaptability to the society and reduction of the future cases through preventive measures. At the tail end, the essay draws a conclusion on the assistive models and the need to offer care for persons with developmental delay model of intellectual disability. Cognitive Abilities in Children and Adults with Intellectual DisabilitiesIntellectual disability refers to a condition of sub-average intellectual functioning present in an individual right from birth or the early stages of infancy which result in limitations in the ability to carry out normal activities in a similar manner to other children in stages of growth. The condition might be genetic or result from a disorder case which leads to the interference in the brain development process. As such, children with intellectual disability do not exhibit symptoms of the same until the pre-school age where diagnosis of the case results after a formal test. Intellectual disability is neither a mental health disorder nor a specific medical disorder asin the case of pneumonia or heart problem but rather a case where people display significantly
INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES3lower intellectual functioning that limits their ability to cope with daily life skills thus require support in an ongoing manner. The adaptive skills may be realized in different spheres of life such as in practical areas where one fails to exhibit excellence in personal care, money management, and health safety. Moreover, one fails in the social area through lack of social judgment and lack of awareness of others feeling and thoughts. In the conceptual area, one fails in excellent memory, writing, and reading thus limiting the capability of learning as in the case of normal children in class. The case shall use the example of developmental delay as an intellectual disability. Developmental delay is characterized by a reduced rate of development compared to others of the similar age and gender. The disability affects the ability to communicate, move around, understand, interact, and engage in social activities in the same way as other normal children. Thus, the degree of impairment differs from the mild to the profound stages depending onthe amount of support accorded to one from the realization stage to the proper management stagein a child’s development which grows worse in cases of little or no support. In childhood stages, children are expected to be active and playful and as well socialize well with others in a school setup and the home environment. However, children with intellectual disability fail to interact effectively and may be seen in isolation from the rest. Moreover, those with mild levels might try to interact but fail to learn the social aspects and practices done by others. Therefore, the stage might be essential in determining the condition of a child and seek for support in the early periods for specialized care.Delayed development can be analyzed through Piaget’s theory which outlines the four stages of cognitive development namely sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and the formal operational period. In their sensori-motor stage of about two years, children are
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