Health Measures for Adult Nursing

This essay discusses the necessary health measures for adult nursing and provides insights on how to handle critical situations. It includes case studies on acute bronchopneumonia and myocardial infarction.

INTERMEDIATE
SKILLS FOR ADULT
NURSING

Table of Contents
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..............................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION...........................................................................................................................6
CASE STUDY 2..............................................................................................................................6
Introduction.................................................................................................................................6
Main Body...................................................................................................................................6
Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9
.........................................................................................................................................................1

MAIN BODY
INTRODUCTION
Adult nursing which is also known as general nursing is the nursing and care taking for
the people who are above 18. In adult nursing the health and caring in terms of their physical
health, their mental health, emotional health and etc. are taken under account. The proper therapy
is given to the adult through taking the consultation and advices from the himself and from his
families. The job of adult nursing comprises of various tasks and duties, some of the duties may
include writing the plans and records in relation with the patient health, giving the instructions of
junior staff, Framing out the operational plans and much more. The essay is upon a case study
which has been provided. In that essay the steps or the measures which suppose to take in the
situation provided has been given along with the ways in which the whole scenario can get
handled properly.
MAIN BODY
According to the case study provided initially, there was a patient by name Harry who
was admitted to the hospital with his GP attendance. Initially it was taken as a chest infection.
Later after some more deep research it was found out that Harry was diagnosed with acute
bronchopneumonia. Acute Bronchopneumonia is a sub type of pneumonia. In this the person
suffers from chest plan, mild or high fever, cough, difficulties in breathing and a type of bacterial
infection (Hall and et al., 2018). Immediately Harry was transferred to ward for the further tests
and treatments. After performing all the tests and examination it was found that he has an
Oxygen saturations of 85% upon 2 litres and has the body temperature of around 39 degree C.
His blood pressure was 110/60mm Hg, pulse rate were 125 beats in a single minute along with
the 32 breathes per minute. This calls out for the SBAR escalation. SBAR stands for Situation,
Background, Assessment and Recommendation. The situation through which the patient is
suffering gets examined and analysed properly. In the case with Harry, the current issues like
low breathing, chest pain, low blood pressure and fever (Henry, 2019). All these current
symptoms or the issues were examined. Later the history was asked from Harry about his period
from which he had his this problem. In the history it was concluded that this is the very first time
Harry is experiencing such symptoms. This means that these bacteria has developed new in his
body. After that Assessment was given to nurses with regard to the medication he will be most

suitable for. The assessment should be such that it does not provide any side effect and must cure
the patient illness. At last the recommendation is provided to Harry. In the recommendation the
course of treatment and the medication which he needs to take is given to him. With all these
results coming from the tests or examination a set of medications was provided to Harry. In that
medication chart Harry was recommended with 2 litres of Oxygen which either can provide to
him through nasal or through mask. Apart from this the medicines name by Amoxicillin 500mg
and paracetamol 1g was also written for him which he needs to take 3 and 4 times a day
respectively (Jollis, and et al., 2018).
Bronchopneumonia is a fungal infection which is caused when the virus or the bacteria
gets inside of the lungs. This disease is contagious and has the ability to get spread to some other
person who comes in the close connect to the infected person. The condition of the infected
person commonly gets better in the hospital settings. The hospital environment or the settings are
set up in such way that the patient gets better and treated in time. As mentioned the bacteria gets
inserted in lungs causing a damage to both the lungs. Slowly but steadily the respiratory systems
of a person gets affected as soon as the bacteria starts. The test for this diseases can get examined
from X rays where the infection in the cheat can get determined, CT Scan, complete blood
count, Pulse oximetry and the like.
According to the Case study provided after giving the stated medication to Harry, it has
been found out that after the 6 hours of shifting harry to ward his health condition started to get
deteriorating. He was sweating a lot and became Pyrexia. He produces the noise very time he
took the breathe. His breathing was very heavy and rapid. It was also noticed that his
tachycardia gets increase and the pulse got very weak compared to earlier record. He felt more
lethargic (Kochar and et al., 2018). At this difficult situation, necessary steps need to get take so
that lives of Harry can get save or to save his health from getting more worst. At this situation
the ABCDE approach can help the nurses in handling the situation in a much better way. This is
an approach which helps in providing the necessary emergent treatment to the patient.
A stands for Airway. The mount organs and opening get checked by the nurses or the
doctors. In this the doctors access the patient air flow in his lungs, expansion of his chest and
checks for the adventitious sounds make by the chest such as stridor or through pleural rub. As in
the case with harry he had a difficulty in taking breath in. His respiration rates was 32 breath in

a single minute and also he took the heavy breathes. The standard oxygen percentage should be
96 and above for a human but in the case of Harry it was below 96% which does not considered
as normal. So to provide the oxygen level appropriate to Harry, it is important to provide the
oxygen to his body (Kugathasan and et al., 2018). It can be provided through masks or through
nostrils via oxygen tanks. When the oxygen will get reached to his body then the possibility for
getting the normal blood pleasure will get increased to some extend. Or the oxygen level can get
increased by putting the patient (Harry) in high fowlers sitting position. Through this position the
chest gets expand and the level of oxygen increases.
B stands for Breathe. In this the rate of breathing gets examined. In the case with harry
after providing some oxygen to the patient, the breathing level gets checked. The breathing rate
get stabilised when the oxygen get transported to human body. The C stands for Circulation.
Here the blood pressure and circulation gets checked of Harry. The blood pressure was getting
low and to make it under control it is advised to provide some fluid challenge. D stands for
Disability. As in the case with harry, his health got so deteriorated that he felt very lethargic and
extremely weak. This can be later get cure or stable through the giving proper glucose to the
patient. But the glucose can only get provided to the patient when his blood pressure and the
oxygen level gets normal or under control (Lee, Nam and Kim, 2017). And then at last, E which
stands for expose. Here the patient is provided with some medications or medicines which can
help in building the strong antibiotic which can help in fighting the viruses or bacteria present in
the lungs.
Through these corrective actions or measures the health of Harry can get control to a bit.
CONCLUSION
The essay discusses about the health measurement which needs to taken for Harry. The
essay mentioned about the health case of study of Harry and the corrective health actions which
can bring good health to Harry. The ABCDE approach can be used in the situation which can
help in maintaining the health care of Harry.

CASE STUDY 2
Introduction
Adult care is the professional in which the nursing of the people who are above the age of
18 takes under account. The necessary treatments and therapy is provided to the patient so to
make their health in a better way. In the essay the health and care activity has been presented. It
includes the steps which the doctors and nurses can take to handle the critical situation of Iqbal
Kadaffi, a 62 year old man. Iqbal got admitted to hospital and found out with myocardial
infarction. To make the health of Iqbal stable certain medication chart was provided to the
patient. He suffered from instant chest pain which caused radiation to the left side of his neck
and also caused pain in his shoulder blades. The essay provides the corrective measurement
which the doctors are suppose of take so to make his health positively well and better.
Main Body
In the second case study presented, an old man of age 62 name by Iqbal Kadaffi was
admitted to the hospital. He suddenly had an unbearable chest pain which caused the radiating to
the left side of his neck and also a pain got arise in the midst of his shoulder blades. Later after
admitting him to hospital and performing some of the tests and examinations on him, it was
found out that he had Myocardial infection. After admitted to the hospital, the doctors carries
out some tests and examinations. In that test they found out that the blood pressure was 100/60
mmHg which is considered low (Lim, 2017). The pulse rate was beating at 125 beats per minute
also the respiration rate was only 28 breathes in a single minute.
Myocradical infarction is a type of heart attack in which the heart activities get stop working that
later caused the damage of heart muscle. Through the Myocardial Infarction the blood pressure
gets shoot up, the person faces problem in taking the oxygen, the pulse rate gets heavy as they
start beating very fast and the person barely could performed any activity. When the history
about this patient get asked I was found out that he from past few months did not felt good with
regard to his health, apart from this he also faced discomfort with regarding indigestion. From

this history it can be concluded that the symptoms for this problem was getting started from past
months only.
After examining all the history and current situation of Iqbal, the doctors give a particular drug
chart and prescription to him consisting of medication course which will help him in getting
better with this situation. The doctors give the medicines of Aspririn 75 mg OD which he needs
to take once in a day. Glyceryl trinitrate spray which would provide my with some chest pain
relief, IV Diamorphine 2.4 mg which the patient feels required and IV cyclizine 50mg also when
it is required by the patient (Molina, and et al., 2018). All these medication can ge followed after
the emergent treatment to Iqbal. He suffers from the major heart attack in which he faced the
problem to breathe, his body functions got stop working, his pulse rate shoots up and his was
struggling for the breath. An immediate course of action can be followed so to normalise the
condition of Iqbal. When he got admitted to the hospital, the doctors make sure that the oxygen
saturation must get 90% on room air and the temperature must be within the 37.5 degree Celsius.
This will help in giving the necessary warmth to the patient. Warmth will allow his blood
circulation to flow in a normal way.
Iqbal faced the condition of Myocardial infarction which is commonly known as a heart
attack. If necessary precautions are not taken on time, it might result in permanent heart damage,
serious effect on shoulder, back, arm, jaw and neck. In many cases people die of it and therefore
necessary precautions are important when it comes to first aid treatment of Myocardial
infarction. It is considered to be one of the biggest medical emergency and can occur due to
blockage in blood vessels and in the absence of blood that human issues are cut out oxygen
which results in the instant death of tissue (Morgan, 2018). A study shows over 10 Million cases
annually in United Kingdom. For treatment of Iqbal inflammatory responses are considered to be
the best response to Myocardial infarction. This response acts on innominate initiation and
progression in order to detestable the atherosclerosis. A quick response is to be taken with
respect to medical services in order to figure out the root cause of Myocardial infarction in order
to establish the best response action to be taken. In order to figure out if the person have a heart
disease before quick test are done. These test are efficient enough to reflect results within
seconds ion order to determine the future course of action because some treatments might be
more harmful if the person have a heart disease. In order to respond quickly towards the
Myocardial infarction, medical services that are given to Iqbal includes Aspirin, Thrombolysis

along with the practise of angioplasty, oxygen levels in the blood are monitored. These
methodologies are used in order to slow down the effect of oxygen deficiency in heart tissues. In
critical cases substitute oxygen is provided to the patient in order to mitigate the damage. But
still finding the root cause behind Myocardial infarction and acting immediately to it is crucial
for faster recovery of Myocardial infarction. The medical treatment for Myocardial infarction is
to be delivered quickly and effectively by experts or otherwise it might cause the latter his life.
The medical staff will also use Heparin, adrenoceptor blockers and substitute magnesium
wherever required. An instant response is required with respect the substitutes as well. In critical
cases the response might also include a surgery where the blockage is identified and removed
surgically (Mullen, and et al., 2019). The last resort response when it comes to Myocardial
infarction is EPR, where an electric current is used to create the illusion of blood pumping inside
the body while oxygen is supplied using external sources. Even after the treatment of Myocardial
infarction, it might leave devastating impacts on many parts of human body if not treated
quickly.
Conclusion
From the essay presented above, the case study of Iqbal has been presented. In this case
study, Iqbal suffered from a heart attack which caused him the problem to take the necessary
breathe. The essay provides the necessary steps or corrective actions through which his health
can get better.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Hall, M., and et al., 2018. Guideline-indicated treatments and diagnostics, GRACE risk score,
and survival for non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. European heart journal.
39(42). pp.3798-3806.
Henry, M., 2019. Nursing education program for hospital-acquired pressure injury prevention in
adult acute care setting: a quality improvement project. Journal of Wound Ostomy
& Continence Nursing, 46(2), pp.161-164.
Jollis, J.G., and et al., 2018. Impact of Regionalization of ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial
Infarction Care on Treatment Times and Outcomes for Emergency Medical
Services–Transported Patients Presenting to Hospitals With Percutaneous
Coronary Intervention: Mission: Lifeline Accelerator-2. Circulation. 137(4).
pp.376-387.
Kochar, A., and et al., 2018. Long‐term mortality of older patients with acute myocardial
infarction treated in US clinical practice.n Journal of the American Heart
Association. 7(13). p.e007230.
Kugathasan, P., and et al., 2018. Association of secondary preventive cardiovascular treatment
after myocardial infarction with mortality among patients with schizophrenia.
JAMA psychiatry. 75(12). pp.1234-1240.
Lee, M. N., Nam, K. D. and Kim, H. Y., 2017. Effects of simulation with problem-based
learning program on metacognition, team efficacy, and learning attitude in
nursing students: Nursing care with increased intracranial pressure patient. CIN:
Computers, Informatics, Nursing. 35(3). pp.145-151.
Lim, K. C., 2017. Simulation-based clinical judgment and performance ability for tracheal
suction in nursing students. The Journal of Korean academic society of nursing
education. 23(3). pp.330-340.
Molina, L., Santos-Ruiz, S., Clave, P., Gonzalez-de Paz, L. and Cabrera, E., 2018. Nursing
interventions in adult patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia: a systematic
review. European Geriatric Medicine, 9(1), pp.5-21.
Morgan, S., 2018. The Development of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Nursing: The UK
Experience. In Nursing Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer (pp. 9-27).
Springer, Cham.
Mullen, R .F., Kydd, A., Fleming, A. and McMillan, L., 2019. Dignity in nursing care: What
does it mean to nursing students?. Nursing ethics. 26(2), pp.390-404.
Oh, H.S., 2017. Influence of learning motivation, communication skill, academic self-efficacy
on self-directed learning ability in nursing students. Journal of Digital
Convergence, 15(8), pp.311-321.
Porter, S.L., 2019. First year nursing students' perceptions of stress and resilience during their
initial clinical placement and the introduction of a stress management app: a
mixed methods approach (Doctoral dissertation, Edinburgh Napier University).
Reed, G. W., Rossi, J. E. and Cannon, C. P., 2017. Acute myocardial infarction. The Lancet.
389(10065), pp.197-210.

Yi, Y.H., and et al., 2017. Critical care nursing courses in bachelor of science in nursing
programs: Present and future directions. Journal of Korean Critical Care
Nursing. 10(3). pp.1-8.

1