The assignment discusses how PPP models can help MNCs understand operations management in GCC countries. It also explores the advantages of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and the potential for job growth in GCC due to increased FDIs.
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Table of Contents MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1 REFERENCES................................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY PPP or Public private partnership is a model that is used for funding public infrastructure projects and has both short and long-term management plans that is beneficial for business organisations that want to growth and develop themselves. This model is useful for projects that are large in scale and require labour that are highly professional or skilled. There are various models in PPP that can be used by MNCs, when and if they want to make foreign direct investments in the GGC (Wang and Wang, 2017). These include design- Build, in which private partners come together to create designs that can be built so that they are able to meet the expectations of public partners, while deciding on a fixed price. This has many risks but can be beneficial for MNCs. Another model of PPP is design-build-finance-operate, in which private partners create designs, plan finances and build or construct new infrastructure while conducting operations and maintaining it. Once their contract is completed, they hand it over to public partners who continue to operate the business that has been set up. These models are methods through which MNCs can set foot into GCC, and it can prove to be extremely beneficial as there are 2 sectors involved (Hodge, Greve and Boardman, 2017). The private sector can use PPP models and build designs through new innovations, while public sector can help them in running these businesses in a successful manner and for a long duration of time. This offers MNCs a good opportunity to regulate themselves within the GCC. There are various types of Foreign Direct Investment that can be applied by Multi National Companies as they help these organisations attain ownership of certain assets so that they are able to control production, distribution and other business activities, while staying in a different country. There are mainly 3 types of FDIs, which include direction, target and motive (Conconi, Sapir and Zanardi, 2016). With the help of PPP model, companies can assess how they would like to invest in different countries, so that they are able to earn maximum profits. While investing in GCC can prove to be very beneficial as there are many opportunities present for growth and development. The inward and outward FDIs can help in gaining tax breaks, low interest lows and subsidies with long term benefits. Outward FDIs use local capital to invest in foreign resources and this is generally aided by the government. However, this can be restricted through tax incentives. PPP can use mergers and acquisitions as a method of making investments so that there are less frameworks that have to be processed and it is much easier. GGC region is in the list of top economies and it has been continuously growing in the recent years. There are many opportunities that can help in developing these countries even more and MNCs provide more employment for people from all across the countries (Mastromarco and Simar, 2015). This can be successfully done with the help of PPP, as their models can significantly help MNCs to understand how they can run operations in a successful manner, for the long run. Therefore, bringing MNCs through PPP model and Foreign Direct Investment into the GCC can prove to be successful or beneficial as there are certain foreign and trade policies that are in favour of MNCs. There are various opportunities open for PPPs, as they have a wide range of products to offer and are able to build relationships through different channels. Management from different countries have more effective approaches 1
towards reskilling local partners. This helps in monitoring and developing skills and competencies of employees in GCC (Indraganti and Boussaa, 2018). MNCs give a chance to create better demands, so that they are able to plan distribution methods and make proper logistics management. This can significantly aid them in development of strategies for growth as well as methods through which they can succeed in tough competitions. GCC is a cost sensitive market and their main priority is customers. They work in an efficient manner, which enables them to have high levels of production while saving the environment. There will be high rates of job growth in GCC, due to the increase in FDIs and this can help in overall economic growth as well (How Multinationals can grow in the Middle East and Africa, 2017). They will also be able to make improvements in risk and operational management. This will helps them in making good use of such opportunities and increase profitability within MNCs that operate in these countries. The VAT system that has been introduced in GCC is considered to be beneficial for FDIs of MNCs, as it has a systematic and smart strategy. 2
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REFERENCES Books and Journals Conconi, P., Sapir, A. and Zanardi, M., 2016. The internationalization process of firms: From exports to FDI.Journal of International Economics.99. pp.16-30. Hodge, G., Greve, C. and Boardman, A., 2017. Public‐Private Partnerships: The Way They Were and What They Can Become.Australian Journal of Public Administration.76(3). pp.273- 282. Indraganti, M. and Boussaa, D., 2018. An adaptive relationship of thermal comfort for the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries: The case of offices in Qatar.Energy and Buildings.159. pp.201-212. Mastromarco, C. and Simar, L., 2015. Effect of FDI and time on catching up: New insights from a conditional nonparametric frontier analysis.Journal of Applied Econometrics.30(5). pp.826-847. Wang, J. and Wang, W.B., 2017. A Comparison of British and Russian PPP Model: Based on KPI Method.Fu Dan Xue Bao. She Hui Ke Xue Ban. (4). p.125. Online How Multinationals can grow in the Middle East and Africa.2017. [Online]. Available through: <https://hbr.org/2017/04/how-multinationals-can-grow-in-the-middle-east-and-africa > 3